scholarly journals Effect of Aggression on Peer Acceptance Among Adolescents During School Transition and Non-Transition: Focusing on the Moderating Effects of Gender and Physical Education Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3190
Author(s):  
Myoungjin Shin ◽  
Changhyun Lee ◽  
Yongsik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Peer Acceptance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
School Transition ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Youth Policy ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Education Activity ◽  
Policy Institute

The present study examined the effect of aggression on peer acceptance among adolescents. We focused on the moderating effects of gender and participation in physical education activities and examined whether these effects varied during school transition. We used longitudinal data of adolescents aged 10 to 17 years that were obtained from a survey that was conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. In only early adolescence, the interaction effect of gender and physical education activity influenced the relationship between aggression and peer acceptance. Specifically, the negative relationship between aggression and peer acceptance was strengthened among female students who participated in physical education activities as compared to female students who did not. This effect was not observed in male students. However, during transition from primary to secondary school, the negative effect of physical education activities did not exist. For middle-adolescents, for whom physical education activities increased more than previous years, the negative relationship between aggression and peer acceptance worsened. These influences were the same, regardless of gender. Thus, this study suggests that physical education activities improve the negative relationship between aggression and peer acceptance during school transition.

Physical Education Affects Adolescents' Peer Acceptance: Influence Of Gender and Motivation Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Myoungjin Shin ◽  
Minkwon Moon ◽  
Changhyun Lee ◽  
Sun-Yong Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Peer Acceptance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
School Year ◽  
Class Climate ◽  
Education Activity

We examined the influence of physical education activity on peer acceptance in adolescents over time, and how this influence changes based on gender and motivation climate in class. Participants were 157 middle school freshman students (81 boys, 76 girls) at a school in South Korea. Results of hierarchical linear modeling showed that peer acceptance among girls decreased over the 12-week period of our study, but there were no significant changes in peer acceptance among boys. Furthermore, peer acceptance decreased when boys participated in physical education activity more diligently, but this negative relationship weakened when the class was instructed in a noncontrolling climate. However, physical education activity and class climate did not significantly affect peer acceptance among girls. The results imply that the role of physical education teachers is important in the formation of peer acceptance at the beginning of the school year.

scholarly journals Change of psychophysiological indices in female students of creative occupations

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
L.G. Korobeinikova ◽  
M.S.A. Djamil ◽  
W. Cynarski ◽  
V.M. Ulizko ◽  
Y. Stavinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Motor Preparation ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
The Future ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Fitness And Health ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Motion Amplitude

Purpose: studying the dynamics of psychophysiological indices of creative occupation female students. Маterial: the study involved 120 female students. Reactive qualities, level of static and dynamic equilibrium, orientational qualities, speed of operative thinking, volume of rote memorization, attention distribution, level of accuracy, attention speed and switching, accuracy of task performance were assessed. Results: a decrease in the indices of the accuracy of reproducing motion amplitude and a given value of effort, those of response to vertically falling object and those of static and dynamic equilibrium was revealed. An improvement in the dynamics of nervous processes and the ability to constructive praxis was noted. The decrease in the level of development of motor qualities, professional skills, physical fitness, and health is observed already in the 1st year of study. The authors believe that the pedagogical influences should be started from the 1st course and continued until the end of the study. In the process of physical education classes, the physical exercises aimed at improving the professionally significant psychophysiological properties of students should be used. It is they that restrain the negative effect of increasing the intensity of educational classes simultaneously contributing to an increase in the development level of almost all motor qualities and health. Conclusions: uneven decrease of most psychophysiological indices negatively affects both the level of female student motor preparation and professional abilities of the future designers. The findings give ground for the development of the methods for improving motor qualities and psychophysiological properties professionally significant for students-designers. Taking into account the future profession specifics and the health indices will allow more precise planning of the content of physical education classes.

scholarly journals The Effects of Children’s Smartphone Addiction on Sleep Duration: The Moderating Effects of Gender and Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5943
Author(s):  
Ji-Yeon Yoon ◽  
Kyu-Hyoung Jeong ◽  
Heeran J. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Youth Policy ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Policy Institute ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Smartphones are an important part of children’s and adolescents’ lives, and they often spend a lot of time using them. This study aims to precisely discover the effects of smartphone addiction on sleep duration as moderated by age and gender. Materials and methods: The data utilized in this study are from the ‘Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018′ by the National Youth Policy Institute; a total of 4940 youths (2399 in grade 4 and 2541 in grade 7) from the survey were analyzed by Stata 15.0 S. The dependent variable is sleep duration, and the independent variables are the sub-factors of smartphone addiction: disturbance of adaptive functions, virtual life orientation, withdrawal, and tolerance. An independent t-test was conducted to confirm the differences in the main variables according to gender and age. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to verify the moderating effects of gender and age in the relationship between children’s smartphone addiction and sleep duration. Results: First, the average sleep duration among grade 4 students was 9.17 h and grade 7 students was 7.96 h. Second, sleep duration was significantly higher for males than females, while there was no difference in smartphone addiction by gender. Third, smartphone addiction, particularly the sub-factor of tolerance significantly affected sleep duration. Fourth, age significantly affected sleep duration and gender had a moderating effect on sleep duration. Conclusions: Interventions to develop a healthy smartphone usage culture on family and societal levels would be beneficial for increasing awareness of smartphone addiction and its adverse effects on children and adolescents. Furthermore, targeted intervention would be more effective at modifying addictive behavior and sleep duration than trying to administer blanket interventions to youths as a whole.

Parental social coaching promotes adolescent peer acceptance across the middle school transition.

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 668-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim D. Gregson ◽  
Kelly M. Tu ◽  
Stephen A. Erath ◽  
Gregory S. Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Peer Acceptance ◽  
Middle School Transition ◽  
School Transition

Internet Pornography Addiction and Effects of Excessive Pornography Consumption: A University Tunku Abdul Rahman Undergraduate Student Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsha Vaksalla
Keyword(s):  
Female Students ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Negative Dimension ◽  
Internet Pornography ◽  
Pornography Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Pornography Addiction ◽  
Positive Effect

Pornography is a debatable subject, both in Malaysia and around the world. Some feel it is harmless while others feel it is damaging. Pornography can bring about its own impact to the viewers. In Malaysia, the trend of viewing pornography among youngsters’ has been increasing. Studies have also shown Pornography can lead to unhealthy behaviors as a result of too much viewing. This study was conducted to discover the addiction level and the consumption effects on students at a Malaysian University. The researchers used purposive sampling to distribute questionnaires. The Scale used was the Internet Pornography Addiction Test and the Pornography Consumption Effects Scale consist of Positive and Negative dimension used to conduct the research. The research population (N=120) was students’ from University Tunku Abdul Rahman of Malaysia. There were significant relationship between the addiction and consumption. There were significant differences between the Positive and Negative Dimension as well. The Negative Effect Dimension is higher than the Positive Effect Dimension. There were significant differences between male and female students towards pornography addiction. However, there were not any significant differences among the genders in internet consumption. Male scored higher than female in the Internet Pornography Addiction. There were no significant differences between gender in the Positive and Negative Dimension.

scholarly journals Efficiency loss and support for income redistribution: Evidence from a laboratory experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 104346312110155
Author(s):  
Markus Tepe ◽  
Fabian Paetzel ◽  
Jan Lorenz ◽  
Maximilian Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Group Communication ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
Point Pattern ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Treatment Variable ◽  
Efficiency Loss ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Negative Effect

Income redistribution with an efficiency loss is expected to have a twofold negative effect on support for redistribution, as it lowers egoistic support for redistribution and activates efficiency preferences. This study tests whether such a negative relationship exists, increases with the size of efficiency loss and interacts with group communication and the income position. We present a laboratory experiment in which subjects receive a randomly allocated income and must coordinate on a majority tax rate using a deliberative communication tool. The rate of money lost as a part of the redistribution process is manipulated as a treatment variable (0%, 5%, 20%, or 60%). Experimental evidence shows that efficiency loss exerts a robust negative effect on support for redistribution. The effect shows a tipping point pattern, is stronger at the lower end of the income distribution and is not fully explained by egoistic preferences. Inefficiency matters mostly for the chosen tax rate after group communication. At an efficiency loss of 60%, however, group communication does not affect support for redistribution, which implies that inefficiencies tend to play a minor role in the context of redistribution as long as they are within a moderate range. JEL Classification: C91, C92, D63, D72

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