scholarly journals Primary Language in Relation to Knowledge of Diagnosis and Sun-Related Behaviors in Adults with Sun-Exacerbated Dermatoses

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3710
Author(s):  
Mayra Maymone ◽  
Stephen Wirya ◽  
Eric Secemsky ◽  
Neelam Vashi
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Successful Match ◽  
Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation

Objective: To evaluate how patients’ primary spoken language influences the understanding of their disorder and their subsequent sun-related behaviors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between February 2015 and July 2016 in two outpatient dermatology clinics among 419 adults with a sun-exacerbated dermatosis. The primary outcome was a successful match between the patient-reported diagnosis on a survey and the dermatologist-determined diagnosis. Results: Of participants, 42% were native English speakers, and 68% did not know their diagnosis. Fewer non-native English speakers identified one risk factor for their condition (46% versus 54%, p < 0.01). A greater number of non-native English speakers were less familiar with medical terminology. Native English speakers were 2.5 times more likely to know their diagnosis compared to non-native speakers (adjusted odds (aOR) 2.5, 95% confidence interval, 1.32 to 4.5; p = 0.005). Additional factors associated with higher odds of knowing the diagnosis included: Higher education, sunscreen use, female gender, symptoms for 1–5 years, and diagnosis of melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Conclusions: Knowledge of the diagnosis and understanding of factors that may influence skin disease may promote conscious sun behavior. Patients who knew that their diagnosis was sun-exacerbated had higher odds of wearing sunscreen.

scholarly journals Exposure to and Use of Electronic Cigarettes: Does Language Matter?

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Wada ◽  
Chun Nok Lam ◽  
Elizabeth Burner ◽  
Sophie Terp ◽  
Michael Menchine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Net Hospital ◽  
Chi Squared

<p class="Pa5"><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine whether patients who are English proficient become aware of e-cigarettes through different marketing tac­tics and have dissimilar patterns of use than patients who are non-English speaking.</p><p class="Pa5"><strong>Design: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study surveying adult English- and Spanish-speak­ing patients. ANOVA and chi-squared tests were used to examine differences between groups.</p><p class="Pa5"><strong>Setting: </strong>A large public, safety-net hospital in Los Angeles County, California.</p><p class="Pa5"><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents (N=1899) were predominately Hispanic (78%), foreign-born (68%), and reported Spanish as a primary language (64%). Native English speakers re­ported the highest use of e-cigarettes (26%), followed by non-native (13%) and non- English speakers (2%) (P&lt;.001). In terms of marketing, native and non-native English speakers were more likely to have friends and family as sources of e-cigarette informa­tion (P&lt;.001). Native speakers were more likely to see advertisements for e-cigarettes on storefronts (P=.004) and on billboards (P&lt;.001). Non-English speakers were most likely to learn about e-cigarettes on the news (P&lt;.001) and in advertisements on the television and radio (P=.002). Differ­ences in reasons for use were not significant between the three groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Native and non-native English speakers become aware of e-cigarettes through different mechanisms and use e-cigarettes at a significantly higher rate than non-English speakers. These results highlight an opportunity for public health programs to concentrate on specific channels of com­munication that introduce patient popula­tions to e-cigarettes to slow the spread of e-cigarette usage.</p><p><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2017;27(3):217- 222; doi:10.18865/ed.27.3.217</p>

The cognitive saliency of word associations of verbs of speech in English as a Lingua Franca interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-443
Author(s):  
Yang Pang
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
Target Language ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Word Associations ◽  
Similar Word ◽  
Speech Communities

AbstractBuilding on the theoretical insights into the socio-cognitive approach to the study of interactions in which English is used as a lingua franca (ELF)), this paper reports on the idiosyncratic phenomenon that ELF speakers do not adhere to the norms of native speakers, but instead create their own particular word associations during the course of the interaction. Taking the verbs of speech talk, say, speak, and tell as examples, this study compares word associations from three corpora of native and non-native speakers. The findings of this study reveal that similar word associative patterns are produced and shared by ELF speech communities from different sociocultural backgrounds, and these differ substantially from those used by native English speakers. Idiom-like constructions such as say like, how to say, and speakin are developed and utilized by Asian and European ELF speakers. Based on these findings, this paper concludes that ELF speakers use the prefabricated expressions in the target language system only as references, and try to develop their own word associative patterns in ELF interactions. Moreover, the analysis of the non-literalness/metaphorical word associations of the verbs of speech in the Asian ELF corpus suggests that ELF speakers dynamically co-construct their shared common ground to derive non-literal/metaphorical meaning in actual situational context.

scholarly journals Full, partial and modified permutations of the Mayo Score: Characterizing clinical and patient-reported outcomes in ulcerative colitis patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
April N Naegeli ◽  
Theresa Hunter ◽  
Yan Dong ◽  
Ben Hoskin ◽  
Chloe Middleton-Dalby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Scores ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Practice Trials ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract Background Understanding ulcerative colitis (UC) disease activity assessed via the full, modified or partial Mayo Score may help clinicians apply results from clinical trials to practice and facilitate interpretation of recent and older studies. Methods Mayo Score variables were assessed in a cross-sectional study of 2608 UC patients. Results Permutations of Mayo Scores were highly correlated, and models predicting the omitted variable from each permutation demonstrated significant agreement between predicted and observed values. Conclusions Partial/modified Mayo Scores may be used to predict endoscopic and Physician's Global Assessment scores, and serve as proxies for the full Mayo Score in clinical practice/trials.

scholarly journals Results of a Patient Reported Experience Measure (PREM) to measure the rare disease patients and caregivers experience: a Spanish cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Guilabert ◽  
Alba Martínez-García ◽  
Marina Sala-González ◽  
Olga Solas ◽  
José Joaquín Mira
Keyword(s):  
Rare Disease ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Objective To measure the experience of the person having a rare disease in order to identify objectives for optimal care in the health care received by these patients. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Spain involving patients associated with the Spanish Rare Diseases Federation [Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras] (FEDER). A modified version of the PREM IEXPAC [Instrumento para evaluar la Experiencia del Paciente Crónico] instrument was used (IEXPAC-rare-diseases). Scores ranged between 0 (worst experience) and 10 (best experience). Results A total of 261 caregivers (in the case of paediatric population) and patients with rare diseases (response rate 54.4%) replied. 232 (88.9%) were adult patients and 29 (11.1%) caregivers of minor patients. Most males, 227 (87%), with an average age of 38 (SD 13.6) years. The mean time since confirmation of diagnosis was 7.8 (SD 8.0) years. The score in this PREM was 3.5 points out to 10 (95%CI 3.2–3.8, SD 2.0). Caregivers of paediatric patients scored higher, except for coordination of social and healthcare services. Conclusions There are wide and important areas for improvement in the care of patients with rare diseases. This study involves a first assesment of the experience of patients with rare diseases in Spain.

scholarly journals PARE0006 WORK PRODUCTIVITY LOSS IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1289.2-1289
Author(s):  
T. Pilgaard ◽  
B. A. Esbensen ◽  
S. E. Stallknecht
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Hours Of Work

Background:Limited data exist of work productivity loss in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Psoreatic Arthritis (PsA) and Spondyloarthritis (axSpA).Objectives:The objective of this research was to assess productivity loss and absenteeism in patients with RA, PsA and axSpA.Methods:The study was designed as a cross-sectional study aimed to collect patient-reported outcomes from patients with RA, PsA and axSpA in Denmark via a nurse administered questionnaires and patient journals. Patients ≥18 years with RA, PsA or axSpA were consecutively recruited for the study over a 6-month period via routine visits to outpatient rheumatology clinics. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using SAS.Results:Of 488 respondents, 62% were women and mean age was 53.5 years (RA:57.4; PsA:52.6; axSpA:43.6). Average time since diagnosis was 11-15 years, however, for PsA and axSpA most patients answered 6-10 and 0-5 years, respectively. 280 (57%) answered that they had a job and completed the WPAI questionnaire (RA: 149 (51%); PsA: 48 (56%); axSpA: 83 (75%)). Average work hours was 31.9 in the last week (RA:31.2; PsA:33; axSpA:32.4). Average missed work hours were 4.3 in the last 7 days ((RA:4.0; PsA:4.2; axSpA:4.8), of which 32% was missed due to their inflammatory arthritis (RA:30%; PsA:38%; axSpA:32%). Mean absenteeism was highest for patients with PsA (mean=6.8; SD=17.7) followed by patients with axSpA (mean=5.4; SD=15.1) and with RA (mean=3.4; SD=12.2). Mean productivity loss was 20.5 (SD=23.8) for patients with RA, 27.6 (SD=25.8) for PsA and 26.3 (SD=25.8) for axSpAConclusion:We found that patients with PsA or axSpA miss more hours of work compared with patients with RA and when they are at work they have a higher absenteeism/lower productivity. This even though that both the group of patients with PsA and the axSpA were younger and had lived less time with their diagnosed disease compared with the group with RA.Disclosure of Interests:Trine Pilgaard Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer, Bente Appel Esbensen: None declared, Sandra Elkjær Stallknecht Consultant of: Pfizer

scholarly journals PROMIS Scales for Assessment of Persistent Post-COVID Symptoms: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110304
Author(s):  
Ravindra Ganesh ◽  
Aditya K. Ghosh ◽  
Mark A. Nyman ◽  
Ivana T. Croghan ◽  
Stephanie L. Grach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Impact

Objective Persistent post-COVID symptoms are estimated to occur in up to 10% of patients who have had COVID-19. These lingering symptoms may persist for weeks to months after resolution of the acute illness. This study aimed to add insight into our understanding of certain post-acute conditions and clinical findings. The primary purpose was to determine the persistent post COVID impairments prevalence and characteristics by collecting post COVID illness data utilizing Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®). The resulting measures were used to assess surveyed patients physical, mental, and social health status. Methods A cross-sectional study and 6-months Mayo Clinic COVID recovered registry data were used to evaluate continuing symptoms severity among the 817 positive tested patients surveyed between March and September 2020. The resulting PROMIS® data set was used to analyze patients post 30 days health status. The e-mailed questionnaires focused on fatigue, sleep, ability to participate in social roles, physical function, and pain. Results The large sample size (n = 817) represented post hospitalized and other managed outpatients. Persistent post COVID impairments prevalence and characteristics were determined to be demographically young (44 years), white (87%), and female (61%). Dysfunction as measured by the PROMIS® scales in patients recovered from acute COVID-19 was reported as significant in the following domains: ability to participate in social roles (43.2%), pain (17.8%), and fatigue (16.2%). Conclusion Patient response on the PROMIS® scales was similar to that seen in multiple other studies which used patient reported symptoms. As a result of this experience, we recommend utilizing standardized scales such as the PROMIS® to obtain comparable data across the patients’ clinical course and define the disease trajectory. This would further allow for effective comparison of data across studies to better define the disease process, risk factors, and assess the impact of future treatments.

scholarly journals Family involvement and patient-experienced improvement and satisfaction with care: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Danish psychiatric hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Louise Svendsen ◽  
Trine Ellegaard ◽  
Karoline Agerbo Jeppesen ◽  
Erik Riiskjær ◽  
Berit Kjærside Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Satisfaction With Care ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caregiver Relationship ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Caregiver Involvement

Abstract Background Randomised controlled trials suggest that family therapy has a positive effect on the course of depression, schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa. However, it is largely unknown whether a positive link also exists between caregiver involvement and patient outcome in everyday psychiatric hospital care, using information reported directly from patients, i.e. patient-reported experience measures (PREM), and their caregivers. The objective of this study is to examine whether caregiver-reported involvement is associated with PREM regarding patient improvement and overall satisfaction with care. Methods Using data from the National Survey of Psychiatric Patient Experiences 2018, we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study in Danish psychiatric hospitals including patients and their caregivers who had been in contact with the hospital (n = 940 patients, n = 1008 caregivers). A unique patient identifier on the two distinct questionnaires for the patient and their caregiver enabled unambiguous linkage of data. In relation to PREM, five aspects of caregiver involvement were analysed using logistic regression with adjustment for patient age, sex and diagnosis. Results We consistently find that high caregiver-reported involvement is statistically significantly associated with high patient-reported improvement and overall satisfaction with care with odds ratios (OR) ranging from 1.69 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95–2.99) to 4.09 (95% CI 2.48–6.76). This applies to the following aspects of caregiver-reported involvement: support for the patient-caregiver relationship, caregiver information, consideration for caregiver experiences and the involvement of caregivers in decision making. No statistically significant association is observed regarding whether caregivers talk to the staff about their expectations for the hospital contact. Conclusion This nationwide study implies that caregiver involvement focusing on the patient-caregiver relationship is positively associated with patient improvement and overall satisfaction with care in everyday psychiatric hospital care.

scholarly journals The Correlation of Communication Effectiveness and Patient Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352199883
Author(s):  
Yvonne Versluijs ◽  
Maartje Lemmers ◽  
Laura E. Brown ◽  
Amanda I. Gonzalez ◽  
Joost T. P. Kortlever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Communication Effectiveness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Ceiling Effects ◽  
As Relationship ◽  
Current Experience

This study assessed the correlation of 9 questions addressing communication effectiveness (the Communication Effectiveness Questionnaire [CEQ]) with other patient-reported experience measures (PREMs; satisfaction, perceived empathy) as well as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs; pain intensity, activity tolerance) in patients with musculoskeletal illness or injury. In a cross-sectional study, 210 patients visiting an orthopedic surgeon completed the CEQ and measures of satisfaction with the visit, perceived empathy, pain intensity, and activity tolerance. We evaluated correlations between CEQ and other PREMs and CEQ and PROMs. We measured ceiling effects of the PREMs. Communication effectiveness correlated moderately with other PREMs such as satisfaction (ρ = 0.54; P < .001) and perceived empathy (ρ = 0.54; P < .001). Communication effectiveness did not correlate with PROMs: pain intensity (ρ = −0.01; P = .93) and activity tolerance (ρ = −0.05; P = .44). All of the experience measures have high ceiling effects: perceived empathy 37%, satisfaction 80%, and CEQ 46%. The observation of notable correlations of various PREMs, combined with their high ceiling effects, direct us to identify a likely common statistical construct (which we hypothesize as “relationship”) accounting for variation in PREMs, and then develop a PREM which measures that construct in a manner that results in a Gaussian distribution of scores. At least within the limitations of current experience measures, there seems to be no association between illness (PROMs) and experience (PREMs).

scholarly journals Psychopathology and Somatic Complaints: A Cross-Sectional Study with Portuguese Adults

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Joana Proença Becker ◽  
Rui Paixão ◽  
Manuel João Quartilho
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Functional somatic symptoms (FSS) are physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained by medical diagnosis, injuries, and medication intake. More than the presence of unexplained symptoms, this condition is associated with functional disabilities, psychological distress, increased use of health services, and it has been linked to depressive and anxiety disorders. Recognizing the difficulty of diagnosing individuals with FSS and the impact on public health systems, this study aimed to verify the concomitant incidence of psychopathological symptoms and FSS in Portugal. (2) Methods: For this purpose, 93 psychosomatic outpatients (91.4% women with a mean age of 53.9 years old) and 101 subjects from the general population (74.3% women with 37.8 years old) were evaluated. The survey questionnaire included the 15-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the 20-Item Short Form Survey, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and questions on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. (3) Results: Increases in FSS severity were correlated with higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The findings also suggest that increased rates of FSS are associated with lower educational level and female gender. (4) Conclusion: Being aware of the relationship between FSS and psychopathological symptoms and the need to explore psychosocial issues during clinical interviews may favor early detection of these cases. The early detection of mental disorders is essential for individuals’ adherence to treatments, reflecting on healthcare costs.

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