scholarly journals Career Development Support, Job Adaptation, and Withdrawal Intention of Expatriates: A Multilevel Analysis of Environmental Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3880
Author(s):  
Hemin Song ◽  
Shuai Zhao ◽  
Wenwen Zhao ◽  
Hua Han
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Development Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

The present study aims to explore the impact of career development support on job adaptation and withdrawal intention, and the multilevel moderating role of host country environmental factors. Through the questionnaire survey, we collected 242 expatriates’ data of 25 countries from China’s multinational corporations. Based on the constructed multilevel analysis model, we find: (1) career development support has a significant impact on job adaptation and withdrawal intention of expatriates; (2) job adaptation plays a mediating role between career development support and withdrawal intention; and (3) host country environment plays the multilevel moderating role between career development support and job adaptation. Through the multilevel model of host country environment, this study explores the mechanism of how career development support affects job adaptation and withdrawal intention. The conclusions enhance the understanding of the adaptation of expatriates and have important theoretical and practical reference value to achieve successful expatriate in the context of host country environment.

scholarly journals Determinants of Staff Localization in Headquarters-Subsidiary-Subsidiary Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Chan Bok Kim ◽  
Seong-Jin Choi ◽  
Luyao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Foreign Subsidiary ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Local Competition ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Local Experience ◽  
Relationship Structure ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates how cultural distance, the local experience of a foreign subsidiary, and the intensity of local competition jointly affect the staff localization of MNEs’ subsidiaries. While previous studies on the effects of cultural distance have mainly focused on the gap between home and host countries, we extend the existing “home-host” country perspective to the home-intermediary-host country relationship. This study regards Korea as an intermediary country and utilizes 520 observations from a unique survey conducted by the Export-Import Bank of Korea from 2006 to 2013. The results suggest that the impact of cultural distance on staff localization is a function of local experience and competitive environment in the home-intermediate-host relationship structure. This paper makes a theoretical contribution to our understanding of the behavior of multinational corporations by expanding the cultural distance perspective between the home and host countries explored in previous research to the home-subsidiary-subsidiary structure.

scholarly journals The Determinants and Consequences of District Partisan Change and Intactness in the Congressional Redistricting Process: An Integrative Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Richard Born
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Partisan Change ◽  
Party Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Path Analysis Model

In this study of redistricting from 1992 to 2012, we develop an integrative path analysis model that links together the two parts of the congressional redistricting process: the impact of political and environmental antecedent variables on district partisan change and constituency intactness, and the subsequent impact that partisan chance and intactness have on incumbent reelection margin. Environmental factors, most notably the extent of a district’s overor under-population prior to redistricting, are found to ultimately make more difference on safety than does party control of the redistricting plan. Furthermore, the pathways extending through partisan change are more important for members’ reelection margin than are the pathways extending through intactness. Since members typically end up with a sizable share of new constituents, however, whereas a fairly even balance exists between districts left with pro-incumbent or anti-incumbent partisan change, the average member actually has somewhat more to fear from the former product of the redistricting process.

scholarly journals Marketing control in international headquarters-subsidiary working relationships of industrial goods firms: the role of environmental context

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Isenberg ◽  
Susanne Kreiter ◽  
Roland Helm ◽  
Christian Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Working Relationships ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Rival Model ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe use of marketing and sales control mechanisms is a core management activity for multinational corporations. However, research on controlling marketing and sales of international subsidiaries is scarce. In particular, the influence of a firm’s economic and cultural environment on different control mechanisms has not been thoroughly examined yet. In attempting to fill these gaps, we build on Jaworski’s (J Mark 52:23–39, 1988) framework from a subsidiary perspective on marketing and sales controls, applied by the headquarters of medium-sized industrial goods corporations. Through a rival model analysis, we determine the impact of the local environmental context on marketing and sales control types exerted by headquarters on subsidiaries located in foreign countries. To analyze the proposed model, this study deploys survey data of 184 subsidiaries from different industries and different European countries with headquarters in Switzerland. The results show that while environmental factors influence the marketing and sales control configurations, the effectiveness of marketing and sales controls is not contingent on environmental factors.

Career development and older people

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Lyn Barham
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Older People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Development Support ◽  
The Uk ◽  
State Pension ◽  
The Impact

This article explores career development support offered to, and used by, older people since 2000. The context includes changes in age discrimination legislation and state pension entitlement, which intertwine in their effect on labour market participation. Career development services have changed, with a marked divergence between the fragmented delivery in England and the all-age services elsewhere in the UK. Initiatives have been piloted, judged successful, but not robustly pursued. The article argues that rhetoric outruns resources and delivery, and contemplates the additional complication of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on older people and the economy.

scholarly journals Mentoring in international assignments: a personality traits perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1100-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tassilo Schuster ◽  
Judith Ambrosius ◽  
Benjamin Bader
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of personality and mentorship on expatriates’ psychological well-being. The authors argue that certain personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience) have positive effects on expatriates’ psychological well-being and that these personality traits enable them to derive a greater benefit from mentorship. By doing so, this study identifies for which personality traits which type of mentoring (home or host country mentor) is most beneficial. Design/methodology/approach Based on socioanalytic theory, the authors develop theory-driven hypotheses and test them against data of 334 expatriates. Findings The study shows that several personality traits as well as home country mentorship have a significant positive impact on psychological well-being, whereas host country mentorship shows no significant positive effects. Moreover, the study indicates that home and host country mentorship partially moderates the relationship between personality traits and psychological well-being. Originality/value Since the authors derive important implications for the selection process of expatriates as well as for the implementation of mentoring in multinational corporations, this study is of value for researchers and practitioners in the areas of human resource management and organizational studies.

scholarly journals The Determinants and Consequences of District Partisan Change and Intactness in the Congressional Redistricting Process: An Integrative Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-72
Author(s):  
Richard Born
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Partisan Change ◽  
Party Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Path Analysis Model

In this study of redistricting from 1992 to 2012, we develop an integrative path analysis model that links together the two parts of the congressional redistricting process: the impact of political and environmental antecedent variables on district partisan change and constituency intactness, and the subsequent impact that partisan chance and intactness have on incumbent reelection margin. Environmental factors, most notably the extent of a district’s overor under-population prior to redistricting, are found to ultimately make more difference on safety than does party control of the redistricting plan. Furthermore, the pathways extending through partisan change are more important for members’ reelection margin than are the pathways extending through intactness. Since members typically end up with a sizable share of new constituents, however, whereas a fairly even balance exists between districts left with pro-incumbent or anti-incumbent partisan change, the average member actually has somewhat more to fear from the former product of the redistricting process.

scholarly journals Effects of ambient temperature and air pollutants on bacillary dysentery from 2014 to 2017 in Lanzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Han ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xudong Cui ◽  
Hanping Ma ◽  
Yanchen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Bacillary Dysentery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Previous studies have always focused on the impact of various meteorological factors on bacillary dysentery (BD). However, only few studies have investigated the effects of climate and air pollutants on BD incidence simultaneously. This study aimed to investigate the effects of temperature and air pollutants on BD in Lanzhou. Methods: Daily data of BD cases and environmental factors from 2014 to 2017 were collected. A generalized additive model (GAM) was conducted to explore the relationship between environmental factors and BD. Then a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was developed to assess the lag and cumulative effect. Furthermore, this study explored the variability across gender and age groups. Results: A total of 7102 cases of BD were notified over the study period. High temperature can significantly increase the risk of BD during the whole lag period, temperature has different exposure effects on different genders and age groups. With 9℃ as the reference value, each 1℃ rise in temperature result in a 4.8% (RR=1.048, 95%CI: 0.996, 1.103) increase in the number of cases BD at lag 0 day. With 50μg/m3 as the reference value, each 5μg/m3 rise in PM2.5 caused a 11.3% (RR=1.113, 95%CI: 1.066, 1.162) increase in the number of BD cases at lag 0. Low concentration of PM10 in the lag of 10-14 days can significantly increase the risk of BD, while high concentration PM10 in the lag of 6-14 days can significantly increase the risk of BD. Conclusions:Temperature, PM2.5 and PM10 are closely related to the incidence of bacillary dysentery. Our findings suggest adaptation plans that target vulnerable populations in susceptible communities should be developed to reduce health risks.

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