scholarly journals Traffic Simulation Analysis on Running Speed in a Connected Vehicles Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yu ◽  
Miyi Wu ◽  
Shuyi Wang ◽  
Wen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Traffic Simulation ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Connected Vehicles ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Connected vehicles (CVs) exchange a variety of information instantly with surrounding vehicles and traffic facilities, which could smooth traffic flow significantly. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of CVs on running speed. This study compared the delay time, travel time, and running speed in the normal and the connected states, respectively, through VISSIM (a traffic simulation software developed by PTV company in German). The optimization speed model was established to simulate the decision-makings of CVs in MATLAB, considering the parameters of vehicle distance, average speed, and acceleration, etc. After the simulation, the vehicle information including speed, travel time, and delay time under the normal and the connected states were compared and evaluated, and the influence of different CV rates on the results was analyzed. In a two-lane arterial road, running speed in the connected state increase by 4 km/h, and the total travel time and delay time decrease by 5.34% and 16.76%, respectively, compared to those in the normal state. The optimal CV market penetration rate related to running speed and delay time is 60%. This simulation-based study applies user-defined lane change and lateral behavior rules, and takes different CV rates into consideration, which is more reliable and practical to estimate the impact of CV on road traffic characteristics.

scholarly journals Analysing the impact of traffic incidents on express road traffic flow using FREEVAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Eliza Ciszewska-Kulwińska ◽  
Aleksandra Romanowska ◽  
Wojciech Kustra
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Traffic Incidents ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Time Extension ◽  
Location Type ◽  
The Impact

Traffic incidents occurring on motorways or express roads cause disruptions and deteriorate traffic conditions. The impact will differ depending on the type of incident, its duration and space blocked on the roadway and can be measured with e.g. average speed reduction, extension of travel time, time lost or overall costs of traffic disruptions. The aim of the paper is to analyse this impact, based on data from the Tri-City Ring Road (Poland). The analyses were conducted on a macroscopic level, with the use of a simulation software FREEVAL. The analysed road section was divided into homogeneous basic, merge and diverge segments. Particular traffic disturbances were introduced into individual segments, in order to represent a traffic accident or short-term road works leading to a blocked shoulder, closure of 1 lane or 2 lanes for the duration of 15 to 60 minutes. The total of 150 scenarios were analysed. The results of the analyses helped to assess how travel time and vehicle speed change depending on the location, type and duration of the traffic incident. It was found, for example, that in the case of right shoulder blockage, travel time will not change significantly (up to 3%) while the closing of 1 of 2 or 2 of 3 lanes will cause significant travel time extension (by over 500%).

scholarly journals Extracting Road Traffic Volume in the City before and during covid-19 through Video Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Continuous, automatic measurements of road traffic volume allow the obtaining of information on daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations in road traffic volume. They are the basis for calculating the annual average daily traffic volume, obtaining information about the relevant traffic volume, or calculating indicators for converting traffic volume from short-term measurements to average daily traffic volume. The covid-19 pandemic has contributed to extensive social and economic anomalies worldwide. In addition to the health consequences, the impact on travel behavior on the transport network was also sudden, extensive, and unpredictable. Changes in the transport behavior resulted in different values of traffic volume on the road and street network than before. The article presents road traffic volume analysis in the city before and during the restrictions related to covid-19. Selected traffic characteristics were compared for 2019 and 2020. This analysis made it possible to characterize the daily, weekly and annual variability of traffic volume in 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the article attempts to estimate daily traffic patterns at particular stages of the pandemic. These types of patterns were also constructed for the weeks in 2019 corresponding to these stages of the pandemic. Daily traffic volume distributions in 2020 were compared with the corresponding ones in 2019. The obtained results may be useful in terms of planning operational and strategic activities in the field of traffic management in the city and management in subsequent stages of a pandemic or subsequent pandemics.

Parameter Sensitivity Analysis of a Cooperative Dynamic Bus Lane System With Connected Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110357
Author(s):  
Meng Xie ◽  
Michael Winsor ◽  
Tao Ma ◽  
Andreas Rau ◽  
Fritz Busch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Connected Vehicles ◽  
Microscopic Simulation ◽  
Communication Range ◽  
Bus Lane ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to evaluate the sensitivity of the proposed cooperative dynamic bus lane system with microscopic traffic simulation models. The system creates a flexible bus priority lane that is only activated on demand at an appropriate time with advanced information and communication technologies, which can maximize the use of road space. A decentralized multi-lane cooperative algorithm is developed and implemented in a microscopic simulation environment to coordinate lane changing, gap acceptance, and car-following driving behavior for the connected vehicles (CVs) on the bus lane and the adjacent lanes. The key parameters for the sensitivity study include the penetration rate and communication range of CVs, considering the transition period and gradual uptake of CVs. Multiple scenarios are developed and compared to analyze the impact of key parameters on the system’s performance, such as total saved travel time of all passengers and travel time variation among buses and private vehicles. The microscopic simulation models showed that the cooperative dynamic bus lane system is significantly sensitive to the variations of the penetration rate and the communication range in a congested traffic state. With a CV system and a communication range of 150 m, buses obtain maximum benefits with minimal impacts on private vehicles in the study simulation. The safety concerns induced by cooperative driving behavior are also discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals An Optimization Model of Multi-Intersection Signal Control for Trunk Road under Collaborative Information

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Li ◽  
Zhengfan Zhao ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Yao Liu ◽  
Pengfei Li
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Traffic Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Signal Control ◽  
Cell Transmission Model ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Average Delay Time

We proposed a signal control optimization model for urban main trunk line intersections. Four-phase intersection was analyzed and modeled based on the Cell Transmission Model (CTM). CTM and signal control model in our study had both been improved for multi-intersections by three-phase theory and information-exchanging. To achieve a real-time application, an improved genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed finally, the DISCO traffic simulation software was used for numerical simulation experiment, and comparisons with the standard GA and CTM were reported in this paper. Experimental results indicate that our searching time is less than that of SGA by 38%, and our method needs only 1/3 iteration time of SGA. According to our DISCO traffic simulation processing, compared with SGA, if the input traffic flow is changed from free phase to synchronized phase, for example, less than 900 vel/h, the delay time can reduce to 87.99% by our method, and the minimum delay time is 77.76% of existing method. Furthermore, if input traffic volume is increased to 1200 vel/h or more at the synchronized phase, the summary and minimum values of average delay time are reduced to 81.16% and 75.83%, respectively, and the average delay time is reduced to 17.72 seconds.

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF HEAVY VEHICLES ON TRAFFIC PARAMETERS BY USING HEAVY VEHICLE FACTOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Parthkumar Patel ◽  
H.R. Varia
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Ideal Situation ◽  
The Impact

Safe, convenient and timely transportation of goods and passengers is necessary for development of nation. After independence road traffic is increased manifold in India. Modal share of freight transport is shifted from Railway to roadways in India. Road infrastructures continuously increased from past few decades but there is still need for new roads to be build and more than three forth of the roads having mixed traffic plying on it. The impact of freight vehicles on highway traffic is enormous as they are moving with slow speeds. Nature of traffic flow is dependent on various traffic parameters such as speed, density, volume and travel time etc. As per ideal situation these traffic parameters should remain intact, but it is greatly affected by presence of heavy vehicle in mixed traffic due to Svehicles plying on two lane roads. Heavy vehicles affect the traffic flow because of their length and size and acceleration/deceleration characteristics.  This study is aimed to analyse the impact of heavy vehicles on traffic parameters.

A Multivariate Copula-Based Macro-Level Crash Count Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (30) ◽  
pp. 64-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsunnahar Yasmin ◽  
Salah Uddin Momtaz ◽  
Tammam Nashad ◽  
Naveen Eluru
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Road User ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Model Estimation ◽  
Frequency Model ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multivariate Copula

The current study contributes to safety literature both methodologically and empirically by developing a macro-level multivariate copula-based crash frequency model for crash counts. The multivariate model accommodates for the impact of observed and unobserved effects on zonal level crash counts of different road user groups including car, light truck, van, other motorized vehicle (including truck, bus and other vehicles), and non-motorists (including pedestrians and cyclists). The proposed model is estimated using Statewide Traffic Analysis Zone (STAZ) level road traffic crash data for the state of Florida. A host of variable groups including land-use characteristics, roadway attributes, traffic characteristics, socio-economic characteristics and demographic characteristics are considered. The model estimation results illustrate the applicability of the proposed framework for multivariate crash counts. Model estimation results are further augmented by evaluation of predictive performance and policy analysis.

scholarly journals A General Maximum Progression Model to Concurrently Synchronize Left-Turn and through Traffic Flows on an Arterial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Binbin Jing ◽  
Jianmin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
General Model ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Progression Model ◽  
Time Space

In the existing bandwidth-based methods, through traffic flows are considered as the coordination objects and offered progression bands accordingly. However, at certain times or nodes in the road network, when the left-turn traffic flows have a higher priority than the through traffic flows, it would be inappropriate to still provide the progression bands to the through traffic flows; the left-turn traffic flows should instead be considered as the coordination objects to potentially achieve better control. Considering this, a general maximum progression model to concurrently synchronize left-turn and through traffic flows is established by using a time-space diagram. The general model can deal with all the patterns of the left-turn phases by introducing two new binary variables into the constraints; that is, these variables allow all the patterns of the left-turn phases to deal with a single formulation. By using the measures of effectiveness (average delay time, average vehicle stops, and average travel time) acquired by a traffic simulation software, VISSIM, the validity of the general model is verified. The results show that, compared with the MULTIBAND, the proposed general model can effectively reduce the delay time, vehicle stops, and travel time and, thus, achieve better traffic control.

scholarly journals Understanding Impacts of Security Check on Passenger Flow in a Metro Station and Improving Measures: A Case Study in Guangzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Yu ◽  
Yimin Wang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Peiyun Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Software ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Ticket Vending Machines ◽  
Security Checks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Security Check

In order to ensure the safety of passengers using metro stations and staff working at them, some cities choose to set security checks at the entrances of metro stations. There is no doubt that security check can help keep dangerous objects out of a metro station. However, the security check can also slow down the entering speed of passenger flow and lead to congestions that may affect passengers’ travel plans. How security check will impact the passenger flow and how to reduce the impact are questions that need to be addressed. In this study, metro station models were constructed using the building structure and passenger flow data of a realistic metro station in Guangzhou, China. By using the AnyLogic simulation software, the traffic characteristics of passenger flow under the scenarios with and without a security check were compared and discussed. The congested areas in the station hall and possible causes were analyzed. In addition, possible improving measures such as adding security check machines and ticket vending machines were also modeled to test their effectiveness on reducing the congestion in the station. Results show that when security checks are set at each entrance of the station being studied, the flow rate of passengers entering the gate machine could be decreased by 49.4%~83.3%, which can cause serious congestion at the entrance during rush hours. By adding security check machines and ticket vending machines at the entrances with high passenger traffic demands, the congestion near these entrances could be greatly reduced.

Impact of Major Road Supply on Individual Travel Time Expenditure: An Exploration with a 30-Year Variation of Infrastructure and Travel

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-68
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Abe ◽  
Kay W. Axhausen
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Major Road ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact

This study estimates the impact of major road supply on individual travel time expenditures (TTEs) using data that cover 30-year variations in transportation infrastructure and travel behavior. The impacts of the supply of road and rail infrastructure are estimated with a data set that combines records of large-scale household travel surveys in the Tokyo metropolitan area conducted in 1978, 1988, 1998, and 2008. Linear and Tobit models of individual TTEs are estimated by following the behavior of birth cohorts over the 30-year period. The models incorporate the changes in transportation infrastructure, measured as lane kilometers of two levels of major road stock and vehicle kilometers of urban rail service. The results show significant negative effects of lane kilometers for higher-level and lower-level major roads on the TTEs for all travel purposes and for commuting, after controlling for socioeconomic backgrounds and generations of individuals. This study discusses that, in Tokyo, the estimated effect is more likely to reflect the effect of a major road network per se on individual TTEs than the (indirect) effect of major road supply on individual TTEs working through land development activities (i.e., induced car travel demand). For example, the caveat is that actual road investment decisions still need to consider the induced component of road traffic in addition to the (direct) effect that is estimated in this study.

scholarly journals Full-Scale Train-to-Train Impact Test and Multi-Body Dynamic Simulation Analysis

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Benhuai Li ◽  
Shuguang Yao ◽  
Chengxing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Impact Velocity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Vehicle Mass ◽  
Polynomial Response Surface ◽  
Braking Process ◽  
The Impact

When a train crashes with another train at a high speed, it will lead to significant financial losses and societal costs. Carrying out a train-to-train crash test is of great significance to reproducing the collision response and assessing the safety performance of trains. To ensure the testability and safety of the train collision test, it is necessary to analyze and predict the dynamic behavior of the train in the whole test process before the test. This paper presents a study of the dynamic response of the train in each test stage during the train-to-train crash test under different conditions. In this study, a 1D/3D co-simulation dynamics model of the train under various load conditions of driving, collision and braking has been established based on the MotionView dynamic simulation software. The accuracy of the numerical model is verified by comparing with a five-vehicle formations train-to-train crash test data. Sensitivities of several key influencing parameters, such as the train formation, impact velocity and the vehicle mass, are reported in detail as well. The results show that the increase in the impact velocity has an increasing effect on the movement displacement of the vehicle in each process. However, increasing the vehicle mass and train formation has almost no effect on the running displacement of the braking process of the traction train. By sorting the variables in descending order of sensitivity, it can be obtained that impact speed > train formation > vehicle mass. The polynomial response surface method (PRSM) is used to construct the fitting relationship between the parameters and the responses.

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