scholarly journals “Who Cares?”: The Acceptance of Decentralized Wastewater Systems in Regions without Water Problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9060
Author(s):  
Cristina Gómez-Román ◽  
Luisa Lima ◽  
Sergio Vila-Tojo ◽  
Andrea Correa-Chica ◽  
Juan Lema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Water Problems ◽  
Water Issues ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

There is a growing interest in decentralized wastewater treatment systems, especially in regions with water scarcity problems or water management issues. This study aims to determine whether the perceived advantages and disadvantages (leading to acceptance) of decentralized wastewater plants in such regions are the same in regions where the population is not aware of these water issues. Firstly, this study systematically reviews previous findings on public perceptions of the acceptance of decentralized wastewater treatment systems. Then, the study details the results of a focus group study to determine whether the elements identified in the literature are also relevant in a region where people are unaware of water problems. The results show that a lack of awareness of water issues seems to be a critical factor influencing acceptance. Reframing the usefulness of these systems by focusing on other aspects, such as environmental sustainability, is key.

scholarly journals Environmental Concern Priming and Social Acceptance of Sustainable Technologies: The Case of Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Gómez-Román ◽  
José-Manuel Sabucedo ◽  
Mónica Alzate ◽  
Beatriz Medina
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Priming Condition ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

According to a report by the World Economic Forum, the water crisis is the fourth most serious global risk to society. The apparent limitations of the hydraulic paradigm to solving this crisis are leading to a change in water management approaches. Recently, decentralized wastewater treatment systems have re-emerged as a partial solution to this problem. However, to implement these systems successfully, it is necessary not only to design this technology but also to have social support and willingness among citizens to use it. Previous studies have shown that these technologies are often perceived as being too costly, and people often do not consider the need for adopting them. However, it has also been pointed out that thinking about these technologies as a sustainable endeavor to reduce human impact on the environment can help to overcome the barriers to usage. Thus, we test whether priming environmental concerns before presenting information about decentralized wastewater treatment plants will increase acceptance of those technologies. In this study, we test whether priming environmental concerns can enhance the acceptance of decentralized wastewater treatment plants even when presenting disadvantages of the technology. In order to do so, we designed an experimental study with a sample of 287 people (85.7% women, Mage=20, 28). The experimental design was 2 (priming the environmental concern vs. no priming)×2 (type of information: only advantages vs. advantages and disadvantages). The results showed that those in the environmental concern priming condition had more positive attitudes and behavioral intentions toward decentralized wastewater treatment plants than those in the control condition group. Participants who received only advantages information had a more positive perception toward the decentralized wastewater systems than in the condition, where disadvantages were present, but in the priming condition this difference was not significant. This implies that priming environmental concern helps to overcome the possible disadvantages that act as barriers to acceptance.

History and Current Situation of Night Soil Treatment Systems and Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems in Japan

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
X.M. Yang ◽  
A. Morita ◽  
I. Nakano ◽  
Y. Kushida ◽  
H. Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

In Japan, night soil, or black water, was formerly used as fertilizer for agriculture. However, during the rapid economic growth that took place after 1960, chemical fertilizers began to be adopted for agriculture and night soil was almost abandoned. How to treat the excess of night soil then became a big challenge to tackle. From that time a variety of night soil treatment technologies have been developed and the Japanese government has actively promoted the construction of night soil treatment facilities all over the country. As measures for domestic wastewater treatment, sewerage systems were spread in high-density urban areas, while a decentralized system called johkasou was diffused in rural areas with low population density. Johkasou is a unique system that was devised in Japan and mainly treats domestic wastewater on-site. Night soil treatment systems and decentralized wastewater treatment systems used in Japan are introduced in this paper, in the hope that the experience acquired in Japan will contribute to improve the sanitation conditions in other countries.

scholarly journals Screening Tool for Energy Evaluation of Projects: A Reference Guide for Assessing Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment Systems

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Energy Evaluation ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

The Screening Tool for Energy Evaluation of Projects (STEEP) is designed to help improve energy use efficiency in water and wastewater treatment systems. This publication provides a detailed overview of STEEP and guides users on how to apply it during energy use assessments of proposed or existing water supply and wastewater systems. Since 2017, STEEP has been under continuous development based on pilot assessments carried out in various projects financed by the Asian Development Bank. STEEP is available online and can be downloaded for free.

Evaluation of sanitation and wastewater treatment technologies: case studies from India

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Starkl ◽  
T. A. Stenström ◽  
E. Roma ◽  
M. Phansalkar ◽  
R. K. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Septic Tanks ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

This paper reports about the results of an evaluation of selected sanitation systems in India. The following sanitation systems were evaluated: septic tanks, communal Ecosan systems, biogas toilets, solid immobilized biofilters, multiple stage filtration and decentralized wastewater treatment systems (DEWATS). The evaluation has been based on an initial assessment looking at whether the systems comply with their intended benefits, and more in depth evaluations on cultural, economic and/or hygienic aspects where the initial assessment has not provided sufficient knowledge. The evaluation showed that all sanitation systems were well accepted by the users. The highest hygienic risk is present in septic tanks, where sludge handling poses a high risk for persons handling it.

Evaluación de la eficiencia en el tratamiento de aguas residuales para riego mediante humedales Artificiales de flujo libre superficial (FLS) con las especies Cyperus Papyrus y Phragmites Australis, en Carapongo-Lurigancho

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Dianella Torres Guerra ◽  
Jennifer Sheyla Magno Vargas ◽  
Raquel Rocio Pineda Aguirre ◽  
Milda Amparo Cruz Huaranga
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Cyperus Papyrus ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la eficiencia de las especies Cyperus Papyrus y Phragmites Australis en el tratamiento de aguas residuales con Humedales Artificiales a escala piloto de flujo libre superficial (FLS) en el agua para riego de Carapongo-Lurigancho. Para su evaluación se midieron parámetros como: DBO (270 mg/l); Coliformes totales y Coliformes Termotolerantes (16x107 NMP/100ml), pH (7.8); Temperatura (21°C), Turbidez (130 UNT); los cálculos necesarios como las dimensiones, tiempo de retención hidráulica y velocidad de flujo del sistema son una adaptación de Crites yTchobanoglous, llamado Small Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems. De acuerdo a la Categoría 3: Riego de vegetales y bebida de animales de los ECA para agua D.S. 002-2001.MINAM, los parámetros deben ser: DBO (15ml/L), Coliformes totales (5 000 NMP/100ml) y Coliformes Termotolerantes (1000 NMP/100ml), pH (6.5-8.5). La efectividad del sistema de humedales un 80% de remoción, mientras que para a la determinación de eficiencia de las especies, Cyperus Papyrus tiene mayor remoción en la calidad de DBO y turbidez un 77% mayor a Phragmites Australis, mientras ésta un 30 % mayor en la remoción Coliformes totales y Coliformes Termotolerantes.

Evaluación de la eficiencia en el tratamiento de aguas residuales para riego mediante humedales Artificiales de flujo libre superficial (FLS) con las especies Cyperus Papyrus y Phragmites Australis, en Carapongo-Lurigancho

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Dianella Torres Guerra ◽  
Jennifer Sheyla Magno Vargas ◽  
Raquel Rocio Pineda Aguirre ◽  
Milda Amparo Cruz Huaranga
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Cyperus Papyrus ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la eficiencia de las especies Cyperus Papyrus y Phragmites Australis en el tratamiento de aguas residuales con Humedales Artificiales a escala piloto de flujo libre superficial (FLS) en el agua para riego de Carapongo-Lurigancho. Para su evaluación se midieron parámetros como: DBO (270 mg/l); Coliformes totales y Coliformes Termotolerantes (16x107 NMP/100ml), pH (7.8); Temperatura (21°C), Turbidez (130 UNT); los cálculos necesarios como las dimensiones, tiempo de retención hidráulica y velocidad de flujo del sistema son una adaptación de Crites yTchobanoglous, llamado Small Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems. De acuerdo a la Categoría 3: Riego de vegetales y bebida de animales de los ECA para agua D.S. 002-2001.MINAM, los parámetros deben ser: DBO (15ml/L), Coliformes totales (5 000 NMP/100ml) y Coliformes Termotolerantes (1000 NMP/100ml), pH (6.5-8.5). La efectividad del sistema de humedales un 80% de remoción, mientras que para a la determinación de eficiencia de las especies, Cyperus Papyrus tiene mayor remoción en la calidad de DBO y turbidez un 77% mayor a Phragmites Australis, mientras ésta un 30 % mayor en la remoción Coliformes totales y Coliformes Termotolerantes.

Field-data on parameters relevant for design, operation and monitoring of communal decentralized wastewater treatment systems (DEWATS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Reynaud ◽  
C. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Effluent Characteristics ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems

Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS) are increasingly being recognized by decision makers and city developers across the world as an option for service delivery in densely populated low-income areas. However, little knowledge and field-data are available on some key design-, operation- and monitoring-parameters. This paper addresses these gaps by presenting data on per capita wastewater production of communities connected to DEWATS, hydraulic peak flow factors, per capita BOD5 load estimates, biogas-production of DEWATS biogas digesters, DEWATS effluent characteristics and their fluctuation over time and settled reactor sludge characteristics concerning TS and VS concentrations, specific methanogenic activity (SMA), effect of sludge storage on SMA and accumulation rates. The investigations have been conducted over five years at 24 communal systems in Indonesia, India and South Africa.

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