scholarly journals Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1272
Author(s):  
Thubasni Kunasegaran ◽  
Vinod R. M. T. Balasubramaniam ◽  
Valliammai Jayanthi Thirunavuk Arasoo ◽  
Uma Devi Palanisamy ◽  
Amutha Ramadas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications

A rapid increase in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with various factors such as urbanization, lifestyle changes, adverse hyperglycemic intrauterine environment, and the resulting epigenetic changes. Despite this, the burden of GDM has not been well-assessed in Southeast Asia. We comprehensively reviewed published Southeast Asian studies to identify the current research trend in GDM in this region. Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology was used to guide the scoping review. The synthesis of literature findings demonstrates almost comparable clinical evidence in terms of risk factors and complications, challenges presented in diagnosing GDM, and its disease management, given the similarities of the underlying population characteristics in Southeast Asia. Evidence suggests that a large proportion of GDM risk in women may be preventable by lifestyle modifications. However, the GDM burden across countries is expected to rise, given the heterogeneity in screening approaches and diagnostic criteria, mainly influenced by economic status. There is an urgent need for concerted efforts by government and nongovernmental sectors to implement national programs to prevent, manage, and monitor the disease.

Gestational diabetes mellitus: Beliefs, emotions and treatment compliance: A Pakistani Cohort.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 361-365
Author(s):  
Maryam Zulfiqar ◽  
Muhammad Imran Hasan Khan ◽  
Salman Shakeel ◽  
Usama Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Diabetes Clinic ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

To find out the factors regarding patient’s beliefs and concerns about Gestational Diabetes and its treatment. Study Design: Purposive Sampling. Setting: Diabetes Clinic & Antenatal Clinic of Lahore General Hospital/ Post Graduate Medical Institute/ Ameer ud Din Medical College, Lahore. Period: July 2019 to December 2019. Material & Methods: 46 females who were 24-38 weeks pregnant and having gestational diabetes mellitus, type1 diabetes mellitus or having type 2 diabetes mellitus first diagnosed during pregnancy were enrolled. Data was collected by an interview based questionnaire, analyzed using SPSS version 23, and 95% confidence interval was used as test of significance. Results: The mean age was 27±9 years. 20% of the participants were Illiterate 80% were literate. GDM in the all three trimesters was 45.6%, 39% and15% respectively.  30.5% were hypertensive and 100% adopted lifestyle modifications, 89% were using insulin and 10.8% were taking metformin. 33% had history of instruments delivery and 36% had adverse pregnancy or perinatal outcomes. Regarding patients belief’s, 10% believed in diet control, 26% were not comfortable with lab and physician’s counselling, 38% were in state of denial, 26% were unaware of screening, 70% were frightened of unexpected diagnosis and consequences. 18% were concerned of target organs damage, 16% were concerned of mode of delivery, 25% regarding subsequent pregnancy, 53% were concerned about insulin treatment and its duration and 33% were keen to know about adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions: Educational status is not known to influence gestational diabetes mellitus, Major concern of patient with GDM was her health and surroundings, treatment options, adverse effect on baby and subsequent pregnancies outcomes.

scholarly journals Effect of utilizing developed gestational diabetes mellitus guideline on pregnancy and childbirth outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Enas Sabry Fathy Elbeltagy ◽  
Nahed Fikry Hassan Khedr ◽  
Nadia Youssef Ahmed Abd-Ella
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Neonatal Complications ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Routine Antenatal Care

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical health problems that may happen during pregnancy and may lead to a range of short and long-term maternal, fetal as well as neonatal complications. However, effective management and education on GDM self-care measures improve pregnancy outcomes for both women and their neonates.Aim: The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of utilizing developed gestational diabetes mellitus guideline on pregnancy and childbirth outcomes.Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used at Antenatal Clinic of Obstetric and Gynecological Specialty Center at Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura city. A purposive sample of 126 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM, assigned to the intervention group (n = 63) who utilized the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Guideline (GDMG) of care in addition to routine antenatal care and control group (n = 63) who followed routine antenatal care only. Tools: Three tools were used to collect data from participants as A structured interview schedule, maternal assessment record and fetal & neonatal assessment record.Results: The current study findings indicated that, there was a highly statistical significant reduction of body mass index and the mean random blood glucose levels at 34 & 37 weeks’ of pregnancy after intervention in the GDMG group than control groups (p < .001). Also, there was a statistical significant reduction in the occurrence of maternal complications as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, preterm labor and polyhydramnios in the GDMG group .Similarly, the neonates of the GDMG group had better Apgar scores after birth & lower incidence for developing neonatal complications as prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome and NICU admission.Conclusions and Recommendations: This study showed that, pregnant women with GDM who utilized the GDMG had better maternal & neonatal outcomes than those who did not utilize it. It is recommended to provide a manual GDMG to all pregnant women with GDM for better lifestyle changes & maintaining self-management regimen as well as better pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Apgar Scores and Changes in the Neonates of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients Treated with Metformin versus Glyburide: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Sumanta Saha ◽  
Sujata Saha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Bias

<b>Aims</b>: This study aims to compare the Apgar scores (at different time points after birth) and their changes between the newborns of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients treated with metformin and glyburide, respectively. <b>Methods:</b> Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials that compared these outcomes between the above-depicted intervention groups. The data about the study design, the population characteristics, the interventions compared, and the outcomes of interest were extracted from the eligible trials. Then, these trials were critically appraised by the Cochrane tool. After that, the effect of the tested interventions on the respective outcomes of interest was reported narratively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The literature search produced 4 single-center trials sourcing data from about 538 participants in the USA, Brazil, and Israel. The risk of detection and performance bias was unclear in the respective trials. The trials primarily reported about the Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after birth. These scores were not different between glyburide- and metformin-treated GDM patients in any trial. No trial reported the Apgar score at 10 min after birth or the changes in Apgar score between 1, 5, or 10 min after birth. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In all trials, the Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after birth did not vary between the newborns of GDM mothers treated with metformin and glyburide, respectively.

Gestational diabetes mellitus management: diet and lifestyle

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabika Allehdan ◽  
Asma Basha ◽  
Reema Tayyem
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. GDM is defined as glucose intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. The purpose of this paper is to produce information on prevalence, screening and diagnosis, pathophysiology and dietary, medical and lifestyle management of GDM. Design/methodology/approach This literature review aimed to document and record the results of the most updated studies published dealing with dietary, medical and lifestyle factors in managing GDM. Findings The prevalence of GDM differs worldwide based on population characteristics, race/ethnicity and diagnostic criteria. The pathophysiology of GDM is multifactorial and it is likely that genetic and environmental factors are associated with the occurrence of GDM. Medical nutritional therapy remains the mainstay of GDM management and aerobic and resistance physical activities are helpful adjunctive therapy when euglycemia is not attained by the medical nutritional therapy alone. When diet and exercise fail to achieve glycemic control, pharmacological agents such as insulin therapy and oral hypoglycemic medications are prescribed. Plasma glucose measurement is an essential part of glycemic control during pregnancy, as well as glycemic control can be evaluated using indicators of glycemic control such as hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glycated albumin and fructosamine. Originality/value This review is a comprehensive review that illustrates the effect of healthy diet, medical therapy and lifestyle change on improving GDM condition.

Determinants of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of varying degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Prevalence of GDM is known to vary widely depending on the region of the country, dietary habits, and socio-economic status.

A lifestyle intervention of weight-gain restriction: diet and exercise in obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 596-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Artal ◽  
Rosemary B. Catanzaro ◽  
Jeffrey A. Gavard ◽  
Dorothea J. Mostello ◽  
Joann C. Friganza
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Office Visits ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Objective: This study assessed whether a weight-gain restriction regimen, with or without exercise, would impact glycemic control, pregnancy outcome, and total pregnancy weight gain in obese subjects with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 96 subjects with GDM met the inclusion criteria and were sequentially recruited, with 39 subjects self-enrolled in the exercise and diet (ED) group, and the remaining 57 subjects self-enrolled in the diet (D) group owing to contraindications or a lack of personal preference to exercise. All patients were provided a eucaloric or hypocaloric consistent carbohydrate meal plan and instructed in the self-monitoring of blood glucose. In addition, all ED subjects were prescribed an exercise routine equivalent to a 60% symptom-limited VO2 max. Subjects were followed at weekly or biweekly office visits. Results showed maternal weight and body mass index (35.2 ± 7.2 (ED) vs. 33.5 ± 9.2 (D)) at study entry as well as number of weeks into the study (7.7 ± 5.7 (ED) vs. 9.4 ± 4.7 (D)) were similar in both the ED and D groups. Weight gain per week was significantly lower in the ED group than in the D group (0.1 ± 0.4 kg vs. 0.3 ± 0.4 kg; p < 0.05). Subjects (either ED or D) who gained weight had a higher percentage of macrosomic infants than those subjects who lost weight or had no weight change during pregnancy. Other pregnancy and fetal outcomes such as complications, gestational age at delivery, and rate of cesarean delivery were similar in both groups. Conclusions of this study were that caloric restriction and exercise result in limited weight gain in obese subjects with GDM, less macrosomic neonates, and no adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy is an ideal time for behaviour modification, and this intervention may also help promote long-term healthy lifestyle changes.

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