Sedentary Work and Physiological Markers of Health

The purpose of this study is to examine associations between objectively measured workplace sedentary behavior and physiological markers of health. We hypothesize that increased sedentary time and more frequent bouts of uninterrupted sitting are associated with increased hemoglobin A1c, increased blood pressure, and impaired endothelial function. Call center employees (N = 241) were enrolled from four worksites in the United States. Participants completed a survey and a physical health assessment. Sedentary behavior and sitting/standing time at work were quantified using an accelerometer. Hemoglobin A1c was measured using a finger-prick and portable analyzer. Blood pressure was measured with an automated cuff, and vascular endothelial function was assessed in a subsample of participants (n = 56) using EndoPAT. We analyzed data with two series of ordinary least squares regressions, first to examine relationships between bouts of uninterrupted sitting and physiological outcomes, and second to examine relationships between physical activity and sitting/standing time at work and physiological outcomes. The sample was primarily female, and on average was obese, prehypertensive, and prediabetic. There were no significant relationships between bouts of uninterrupted sitting or physical activity/sitting/standing time at work and physiological outcomes. In a sample that is predominantly sedentary, at risk for cardiovascular disease, and prediabetic, there are no significant associations between workplace sedentary behavior and physiological markers. The lack of associations could be related to either physiological adaptations or ceiling effects in this sample.

Download Full-text

Sedentary Behavior and Light Physical Activity Are Associated with Brachial and Central Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0146078 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e0146078 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Aline M. Gerage ◽

Tania R. B. Benedetti ◽

Breno Q. Farah ◽

Fábio da S. Santana ◽

David Ohara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Central Blood Pressure ◽

Light Physical Activity ◽

Hypertensive Patients

Download Full-text

Abstract P231: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Trajectories During Pregnancy and Postpartum Blood Pressure

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p231 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Abbi Lane-Cordova ◽

Melissa Jones ◽

Janet M Catov ◽

Bethany Barone Gibbs

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Latent Class ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Clinic Visit ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Group Assignment ◽

Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽

Adjusted Model

Background: Pregnancy influences longer-term vascular health for women. Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SED) have been associated with blood pressure (BP) in non-pregnant adults. Self-reported pregnancy MVPA has been associated with less risk of hypertension during pregnancy, but associations of MVPA and SED patterns during pregnancy and postpartum BP have not been investigated. Methods: MVPA and SED were measured objectively in women in each trimester of a singleton pregnancy using triaxial and positional accelerometers and defined using established cut points. Systolic and diastolic BP obtained at the 6-week postpartum clinic visit were abstracted from medical charts. Latent class trajectory modeling was used to assign women to one of three MVPA and SED trajectory groups: low, medium, and high. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate differences in systolic and diastolic BP between trajectory groups and linear regression was used to test for associations of MVPA and SED trajectory group assignment with BP. Adjustment variables included age, race, and postpartum BMI. Results: Of the 101 women in the study, 23 were African American, mean age = 31±0.5 years and mean postpartum BMI = 27.6±0.7 kg/m 2 . Mean postpartum systolic and diastolic BP were 114±1 and 71±1 mmHg. Systolic BP was similar among MVPA and SED trajectory groups. Diastolic BP differed between MVPA (low: 76±2, medium: 70±1, high: 70±2 mmHg, p<0.05) and SED (low: 71±3, medium: 69±1, high: 74±1, p<0.05) trajectory groups. In adjusted analyses, SED, but not MVPA, trajectory assignment was significantly associated with postpartum diastolic BP, b=3.1, 95% CI: 0.6, 5.6, p<0.02. Compared to the low SED trajectory, assignment to the high SED trajectory was associated with 4.9 (95% CI: -0.2, 10.0) mmHg higher diastolic BP in the adjusted model. Conclusions: SED trajectory across three trimesters of pregnancy was associated with postpartum diastolic BP, even after accounting for biologic covariates and MVPA. Results suggest avoiding high SED during pregnancy might help improve diastolic BP after delivery.

Download Full-text

Association of APOL1 Genotypes With Measures of Microvascular and Endothelial Function, and Blood Pressure in MESA

Journal of the American Heart Association ◽

10.1161/jaha.120.017039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (17) ◽

Author(s):

Teresa K. Chen ◽

Ronit Katz ◽

Michelle M. Estrella ◽

Wendy S. Post ◽

Holly Kramer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

High Risk ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Aortic Distensibility ◽

The United States ◽

Flow Mediated Dilation ◽

Arterial Elasticity ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference

Background APOL1 high‐risk genotypes are associated with increased risk for hypertension‐attributed kidney disease among Black adults in the United States. Biopsy studies show differences in kidney vasculature by APOL1 status; less is known about the variants' associations with systemic vascular and endothelial function. Whether APOL1 risk variants are associated with blood pressure (BP) is also uncertain. Methods and Results Using linear regression, we examined cross‐sectional associations of APOL1 risk genotypes (high=2 risk alleles, low=0 or 1 risk allele) with subclinical measures of vascular function (small arterial elasticity, n=1586; large arterial elasticity, n=1586; ascending aortic distensibility, n=985) and endothelial function (flow‐mediated dilation, n=777). Using linear mixed‐effects models, we studied longitudinal associations of APOL1 risk genotypes with BP (n=1619), adjusting for age, sex, and African ancestry. Among 1619 (12% APOL1 high‐risk) Black participants in MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), mean age was 62 years old, 58% had hypertension, and mean systolic BP was 131 mm Hg at baseline. At examination 1 (2000–2002), there was no significant difference in small arterial elasticity, large arterial elasticity, ascending aortic distensibility, or flow‐mediated dilation in participants with APOL1 high‐ versus low‐risk genotypes ( P >0.05 for all). Over a mean follow‐up of 7.8 years, relative annual changes in systolic and diastolic BP and pulse pressure did not differ significantly by APOL1 risk status (between‐group differences of −0.20, −0.14, and −0.25, respectively; P >0.05 for all). Conclusions Among Black participants in MESA, APOL1 high‐risk genotypes were not associated with subclinical vascular and endothelial function or BP trajectories. The relationship of APOL1 with kidney disease may be intrinsic to the kidney rather than through peripheral effects on systemic vasculature or BP.

Download Full-text

HbA1c AND BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS: RELATION WITH GENDER, BODY MASS INDEX, STUDY FIELD, AND LIFESTYLE IN LEBANESE STUDENTS

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.4158/ep-2019-0163 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 1101-1108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nada Younes ◽

Myriam Atallah ◽

Raquel Alam ◽

Nour Hajj Chehade ◽

Marie-Hélène Gannagé-Yared

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Social Science ◽

Body Mass ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Medical Science ◽

Lebanese Students

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of prediabetes/diabetes in Lebanese university students and to examine the relationship between both hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood pressure (BP) and gender, body mass index (BMI), study field, and lifestyle factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Saint-Joseph University of Beirut. A total of 603 students aged 18 to 25 years were recruited from both the medical science campus (MSC) and the social science campus (SSC) between January, 2016, and May, 2018. Waist circumference (WC), BMI, and BP were determined for each student and HbA1c was measured using the Siemens vintage DCA device. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire about their eating habits and level of physical activity. Results: The mean age of the population was 20.31 ± 1.76 years. The percentage of participants recruited from the MSC was 59.2%. The prevalence of prediabetes was 2.5%. Lower BMI, WC, and HbA1c values, and higher diastolic BP (DBP) were found in MSC students compared to SSC ones. HbA1c, systolic BP (SBP), and DBP were correlated with BMI ( P = .02, P<.0001, and P = .017, respectively). HbA1c was not associated with eating habits or physical activity. DBP was inversely associated with physical activity ( P = .002), while SBP was positively associated with fast food consumption ( P = .003). Conclusion: The present study shows a low prevalence of prediabetes in Lebanese students. BMI and the study field are the main factors predicting HbA1c and BP. Further studies are needed to extrapolate our results to the overall young Lebanese population. Abbreviations: ADA = American Diabetes Association; BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; HTN = hypertension; MSC = medical science campus; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SSC = social science campus; T2D = type 2 diabetes; US = United States; USJ = Saint-Joseph University; WC = waist circumference

Download Full-text

Students’ Knowledge and Behaviors for Active Living: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Journal of Teaching in Physical Education ◽

10.1123/jtpe.2018-0352 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 206-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yang Liu ◽

Senlin Chen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School ◽

Middle School ◽

Elementary School ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

The United States ◽

School Level ◽

Survey Study ◽

Active Living ◽

And Behaviors

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to capture students’ essential knowledge and behaviors concerning active living. Methods: Students (N = 1,079) from elementary, middle, and high schools in the United States reported their knowledge of physical activity and fitness (PAF knowledge), and physical activity and sedentary behavior using grade-specific PE Metrics tests and Youth Activity Profile, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used to address the research purposes. Results: The total PAF knowledge scores and scores in subareas varied by gender and school level. A declining trend for physical activity and an increasing trend for sedentary behavior were observed. PAF knowledge positively predicted physical activity in elementary school boys and middle school girls and negatively predicted sedentary behavior in middle school students and high school boys. Certain PAF knowledge subareas (e.g., elementary school PD#3: knowledge about the characteristics of health-enhancing physical activity; middle school PD#1: knowledge of physical activity participation as part of a healthful lifestyle; high school PD#4: monitoring and adjusting physical activity to meet fitness needs) also significantly predicted behaviors. Conclusion: The findings may guide teachers’ curricular and instructional actions to enhance students’ PAF knowledge through physical education.

Download Full-text

Sedentary behavior time as a predictor of hemoglobin A1c among adults, 40 to 59 years of age, living in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003 to 2004 and 2013 to 2014

Nutrition and Health ◽

10.1177/0260106019870436 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 275-279

Author(s):

Michele L Nicolo ◽

Patricia A Shewokis ◽

Joseph Boullata ◽

Deeptha Sukumar ◽

Sinclair Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Body Mass ◽

National Health ◽

Race And Ethnicity ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

The United States ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Sedentary Behavior Time

Background: Sedentary behavior activities have been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Aim: Our aim was to determine whether sedentary behavior time (SBT) is predictive of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5% (48 mmol/mol). Methods: We used cross-sectional data, adults 40 to 59 years of age, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for 2003 to 2004 and 2013 to 2014. Responses to questions on the Physical Activity Questionnaire regarding time watching television/videos, and time spent sitting in front of a computer per day were compiled into tertiles. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether SBT was a predictor of a HbA1c ≥ 6.5% adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, and body mass index. Results: In a univariate model, adults reporting ≥ 8 hours of SBT in NHANES 2003–2004 had 2.02 increased odds of a HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.31, 3.13, p < 0.0001) compared to adults reporting ≤ 3 hours. After adjusting the regression model for age, sex, race and ethnicity, and body mass index, adults reporting ≥ 8 hours of SBT in NHANES 2003 to 2004 had 1.72 increased odds of HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.68, p < 0.0001) compared to adults reporting ≤ 3 hours of SBT. Reported SBT was not a predictor of HbA1c ≥ 6.5% for NHANES 2013 to 2014. Conclusion: Reported SBT was a predictor of HbA1c ≥ 6.5% among adults, 40 to 59 years of age, in NHANES 2003 to 2004, but was not a predictor in 2013 to 2014.

Download Full-text

Group Dance and Motivational Coaching for Walking: A Physical Activity Program for South Asian Indian Immigrant Women Residing in the United States

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2019-0316 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 262-271

Author(s):

Manju Daniel ◽

David Marquez ◽

Diana Ingram ◽

Louis Fogg

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

United States ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Asian Indian ◽

South Asian ◽

Immigrant Women ◽

The United States ◽

Indian Immigrant ◽

Indian Immigrant Women ◽

South Asian Indian

Background: South Asian Indian immigrants residing in the United States are at high risk of cardiovascular disease (prevalence ≥35%), diabetes (prevalence 45.4%), and stroke (prevalence 26.5%). This study examined the effect of culturally relevant physical activity interventions on the improvement of physiological measures and average daily steps in at-risk midlife South Asian Indian immigrant women. Methods: In this 2-arm interventional research design, the dance (n = 25) and the motivational phone calls group (n = 25), attended social cognitive theory–based motivational workshops every 2 weeks for the first 12 weeks. Data for weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol level, and 12-lead electrocardiogram were collected at the baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Results: Significant differences were seen in body weight (F2,94 = 4.826, P = .024; ), waist circumference (F2,92 = 7.496, P = .001; ), systolic blood pressure (F2,94 = 19.865, P = .000; ), triglyceride (F2,94 = 11.111, P = .000; ), cholesterol (F2,94 = 8.925, P = .001; ), blood sugar level (F2,94 = 8.851, P = .000; ), and average daily steps across both intervention groups over time (F2,96 = 30.94, P = .000; ). Conclusion: Culturally relevant motivational workshops with Indian dance and walking are an innovative approach to increasing lifestyle physical activity among South Asian Indian immigrant women.

Download Full-text

Abstract MP16: Reallocating Sedentary Behavior With Sleep or Physical Activity is Associated With Favorable Cardiovascular Health in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis: MESA

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.mp16 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Charles German ◽

Nour Makarem ◽

Jason Fanning ◽

Susan Redline ◽

Tali Elfassy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Ethnic Study ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity are each independently associated with cardiovascular health (CVH). However, many studies have investigated these relationships in isolation even though a change in any one given behavior will affect the time spent in the others. It is unknown how reallocating time in sedentary behavior with sleep or physical activity effects overall CVH in a diverse cohort of men and women at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hypothesis: Reallocating 30 minutes of sedentary time with sleep, light (LIPA), or moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with more favorable overall CVH due to improvements in risk factors for CVD. Methods: Data for this analysis were taken from the Multi-Ethnic Study on Atherosclerosis (MESA) Sleep Ancillary Study. Eligible participants (n= 1718) wore Actiwatch accelerometers for 24 hours a day, and had at least 3 days of valid accelerometry. Time spent in sleep, sedentary behavior, LIPA, and MVPA was determined based on an established algorithm. The American Heart Association’s life simple 7 was used to represent the CVH score after excluding the physical activity component, with higher scores indicating more favorable CVH. All components were ascertained from MESA exam 5. Isotemporal substitution modeling was conducted to examine the effect of substituting 30 minutes of sedentary time for an equivalent amount of sleep, LIPA, or MVPA. Results: The mean age of participants was 68.3, 54.0% were female and 38.6% were white. The mean CVH score was 5.9 (95%CI: 5.8-6.0). On average, participants spent 499.3 minutes/day in sedentary time, 415.3 minutes/day in LIPA, 26.0 minutes/day in MVPA, and 388.2 minutes/day sleeping. Reallocating 30 minutes of sedentary time to sleep, LIPA, and MVPA was associated with a significantly higher CVH score [β(SE): 0.077(0.023), 0.039(0.017), and 0.485(0.065) respectively]. Reallocating 30 minutes of sedentary time to sleep was associated with lower BMI. Reallocating 30 minutes of sedentary time to LIPA was associated with higher diastolic blood pressure and total cholesterol, and lower BMI. Reallocating 30 minutes of sedentary time to MVPA was associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lower BMI. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that sleep, LIPA, and MVPA are all positively associated with more favorable overall CVH and several key CVD risk factors. These findings underscore the importance of lifestyle modifications in improving CVH.

Download Full-text