scholarly journals Parental Risk Factors and Child Birth Data in a Matched Year and Sex Group Cleft Population: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4615
Author(s):  
Inês Francisco ◽  
Francisco Caramelo ◽  
Maria Helena Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Vale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Mass Unit ◽  
Parental Risk Factors ◽  
Increase Odds Ratio ◽  
Birth Data

(1) Background: The etiology of orofacial cleft (OC) is not completely known but several genetic and environmental risk factors have been identified. Moreover, a knowledge gap still persists regarding neonatal characteristics. This study evaluated the effect of parental age and mothers’ body mass index on the risk of having an OC child, in a matched year and sex group (cleft/healthy control). Additionally, birth data were analyzed between groups. (2) Methods: 266 individuals born between 1995 to 2015 were evaluated: 133 OC individuals (85 males/48 females) and 133 control (85 males/48 females). A logistic model was used for the independent variables. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparison between the OC phenotypes. (3) Results: Regarding statistically significant parental related factors, the probability of having a cleft child decreases for each maternal year increase (odds ratio = 0.903) and increases for each body mass index unit (kg/m2) increase (odds ratio = 1.14). On the child data birth, for each mass unit (kg) increase, the probability of having a cleft child decrease (odds ratio = 0.435). (4) Conclusions: In this study, only maternal body mass index and maternal age found statistical differences in the risk of having a cleft child. In the children’s initial data, the cleft group found a higher risk of having a lower birth weight but no relation was found regarding length and head circumference.

scholarly journals Female Urinary Incontinence: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Impact on the Quality of Life of Gynecological Clinic Attendees in Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Fatimat Motunrayo Akinlusi ◽  
Tawaqualit Abimbola Ottun ◽  
Yusuf Abisowo Oshodi ◽  
Bilkees Oluwatoyin Seriki ◽  
Folasade D. Haleemah Olalere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Female Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Substantial Impact

Aims: To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence, risk factors and impact on the quality of life in gynecological clinic attendees of a University Hospital. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted amongst gynecological clinic attendees in a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria from 1st February to 31st July 2017. Structured questionnaires were used to ascertain the presence of urinary incontinence. Socio-demographic and medical factors; impact on daily activities and treatment history were assessed. Women with and without urinary incontinence were compared. Univariate, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Results: There were 395 women of 25 - 67 years (mean age = 38.81±10.1). About 33% had experienced urinary incontinence in the previous 6 months with Urgency, Mixed and Stress urinary incontinence occurring in 18.0%, 7.6% and 7.3% respectively. Independent risk factors for urinary incontinence were age (odds ratio=0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.26 - 0.92, P =0.026), higher body mass index (odds ratio=1.92, 95% CI =1.53 - 3.00, P =0.004) and history of constipation (odds ratio=2.11, 95% CI =1.30 - 3.43, P =0.003). About 47% of those with urinary incontinence admitted to negative feelings like anxiety and depression; 45% had moderate to severe impact on their quality of life in all domains but only 27.7% sought help. Conclusions: Urinary incontinence is common and risk factors include older age, high body mass index and constipation. Despite its substantial impact on the quality of life, majority do not seek help. Addressing modifiable risks factors and improving treatment seeking behaviour will assist in reducing the prevalence of urinary incontinence. Keywords: female urinary incontinence; quality of life; risk factors; stress incontinence; urgency incontinence.

PS02.154: RISK FACTORS FOR WEIGHT LOSS 1 MONTH AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
Hiromi Mohizuki ◽  
Shinji Mine ◽  
Takashi Nakahama ◽  
Masayuki Watanabe ◽  
Naoki Hiki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
High Body

Abstract Background Post-operative body weight loss (BWL) of patients who underwent esophagectomy is common. One month after esophagectomy, some patients lose weight remarkably, and others not. If preoperative or operative risk factors influencing body weight loss are identified, it will be possible that nutritional intervention is given to the patient having these risk factors. Methods In our department, the dietician stays in a surgical ward for nutritional management of patients. Ninety-two patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in 2016 were reviewed. Pre-operative and operative factors were correlated with post-operative BWL. The cut-off value of BWL 1 month after esophagectomy was defined with 75 percentile. Results The median body weight change was -4.8% (-18.5% ∼11.7%). The patients were divided into two groups; 24 patients with ≥ 7.3% of BWL (severe BWL group) and 68 with < 7.3% of BWL (mild BWL group). Patients’ characteristics or post-operative morbidities were not statistically different in these 2 groups. The incidence of patients with reconstruction using a colon or jejunum was higher in severe BWL group. Pre-operative body weight, body mass index, and the value of prealbumin was higher in severe BWL group. On postoperative 14 day, the patients in severe BWL group were likely to have lower energy intake per kilogram of pre-operative body weight. On multivariate analysis, high body mass index [odds ratio = 5.90; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–47.8; P = 0.046], upper location of tumor [odds ratio = 3.38; 95%, CI = 1.04–11.4; P = 0.043] were independently associated with severe BWL at 1 month after surgery. Conclusion High body mass index of ≥ 25, upper location of tumor were unfavorable risk factors for weight loss 1 month after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals Preventing The Human Factor: Organisational Aspects Linked to Foetal Asphyxia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta AMADORI ◽  
Sara GRANDIOSO ◽  
Elena OSELLA ◽  
Carmela MELLUZZA ◽  
Carmen Imma AQUINO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
One To One ◽  
Foetal Asphyxia ◽  
Organisational Factors

Abstract Background: the aim of this study was to identify prepartum, intrapartum and organisational risk factors for foetal asphyxia. We focused on modifiable factors such as organisational factors, maternal Body Mass Index, Assisted Reproductive Technology pregnancies, smoking and number of clinical checks.Methods: This is a retrospective analytical observational study.It was carried out in a teaching hospital in Northern Italy. The data for this study was obtained from maternal and neonatal medical records,obstetric and neonatal hospital discharge summaries and birth assistance certificates.162 cases of mothers whose children experienced foetal asphyxia were compared to 162 controls where this condition did not occur. The different variables were analysed using the Fisher test, the Mann Whitney U test and logistic regression. The association probability was estimated by the odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95%. The alpha level of 0,05 was considered significant.Results: giving birth at night (p<0.001), lack of one to one assistance during labour (p <0.001), birth on a day of high volume activity(p<0.001), Assisted Reproductive Technology obtained pregnancies (p<0.001), number of clinical checks during pregnancy (p <0.001 ), smoking during pregnancy (p<0.001), high maternal body mass index (p<0.001 ), as well as other traditionally associated risk factors like shoulder distocia (p<0.001) or age>35 (p <0.001) all increased the risk in a statistically significant way.Conclusions: giving birth on a high activity day, at night or without one-to one care are organisational factors that statistically increase the risk of foetal asphxia.Our paper proposes strategies to try and modify these risk factors and therefore limit the incidence of foetal asphyxia and of its life changing consequences like cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Risk factors attributed to failure of ultrasound-guided compression for post-cardiac catheterization femoral artery pseudoaneurysms

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211984370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawaf J Shatnawi ◽  
Nabil A Al-zoubi ◽  
Jadallah Jarrah ◽  
Yousef Khader ◽  
Mowafeq Heis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Tract Length ◽  
Neck Diameter

Background: Femoral pseudoaneurysm is the most important access site complication following cardiac catheterization. Ultrasound-guided compression repair is a safe and effective therapeutic modality with variable failure rates and risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate which factors were associated with a higher incidence of ultrasound-guided compression repair failure for post-cardiac catheterization femoral pseudoaneurysm. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from medical records at King Abdullah University Hospital during the period from January 2011 to December 2016. A total of 42 patients with post-cardiac catheterization femoral pseudoaneurysm had attempted ultrasound-guided compression repair. Data regarding patients, procedure and aneurysm-related factors were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Ultrasound-guided compression repair failed in 31% of the patients. Patients with body mass index of ⩾28 kg/m2, platelet count of ⩽180,000/L, time lag (age of aneurysm) of >48 h following puncture time, aneurysmal neck diameter of ⩾4 mm and communicating tract length of <8 mm were associated with higher rate of ultrasound-guided compression repair failure in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, time lag (age of aneurysm) > 48 h (odds ratio = 5.7), body mass index ⩾ 28 kg/m2 (odds ratio = 7.8), neck diameter > 4 mm (odds ratio = 14.4) and tract length < 8 mm (odds ratio = 18.6) were significantly associated with ultrasound-guided compression repair failure. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided compression repair for patients with post-cardiac catheterization femoral pseudoaneurysm was successful in 69% of the patients. Risk factors for failed ultrasound-guided compression repair were as follows: delayed ultrasound-guided compression repair of >48 h, body mass index ⩾ 28 kg/m2, wide neck diameter > 4 mm and short aneurysmal communication tract < 8 mm.

scholarly journals Risk factors for protein-energy malnutrition in pre-school shantytown children in São Paulo, Brazil

1998 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 1654-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Archanjo Ferrari ◽  
Gisela Maria Bernardes Solymos ◽  
Rosa Mercedez Castillo ◽  
Dirce Maria Sigulem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Tract Infections

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the health and nutritional conditions of people living in a shantytown in the city of São Paulo in order to identify risk factors for infant malnutrition. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTSs: Children living in a shantytown was conducted among children less than 72 months of age. METHODS: Home visits were made and information was collected regarding the risk factors for malnutrition. RESULTS: The prevalence of chronic malnutrition was 41.6% according to Gomez, 36.6% according to Waterlow, and 17.6% according to WHO. Risk factors for malnutrition, according to the weight-for-age index, included birthweight, presence of upper respiratory tract infections, number of pregnancies, number of births, maternal body mass index, birthplace of father, and home building material; according to the weight-for-height index, they included birthweight and maternal age at the time of birth; and according to the height-for-age index, they included the number of pre-natal medical visits, birthweight, maternal height, maternal body mass index, father's employment being unregistered, and maternal birthplace. An instrument for identifying children at risk of malnutrition was devised from these major risk factors for future malnutrition, which may then be applied to newly-born children.

Sever’s Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf W. Scharfbillig ◽  
Sara Jones ◽  
Sheila Scutter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Calcaneal Apophysitis

Background: Sever’s disease, also known as calcaneal apophysitis, is thought to be an inflammation of the apophysis of the heel, which is open in childhood. This condition has been commented on and looked at in a retrospective manner but has not been examined systematically. We assembled the most commonly cited theoretical causative models identified from the literature and tested them to determine whether any were risk factors. Methods: Children with Sever’s disease were compared with a similarly aged nonsymptomatic population to determine whether identifiable risk factors exist for the onset of Sever’s disease. Areas raised in the literature and, hence, compared were biomechanical foot malalignment, as measured by Root et al–type foot measurements and the Foot Posture Index; ankle joint dorsiflexion, measured with a modified apparatus; body mass index; and total activity and types of sport played. Results: Statistically significant but small odds ratios were found in forefoot to rearfoot determination and left ankle joint dorsiflexion. Conclusions: This study suggests that there is no evidence to support that weight and activity levels are risk factors for Sever’s disease. The statistically significant but clinically negligible odds ratio (0.93) on the left side for decreased ankle joint dorsiflexion and statistically significant and clinically stronger odds ratio bilaterally for forefoot to rearfoot malalignment suggest that biomechanical malalignment is an area for further investigation. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(2): 133–145, 2011)

scholarly journals Preconception Lifestyle and Weight-Related Behaviors by Maternal Body Mass Index: A Cross-Sectional Study of Pregnant Women

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adina Lang ◽  
Cheryce Harrison ◽  
Jacqueline Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Obesity is a rising global health challenge, particularly for reproductive-aged women. Our cross-sectional study of pregnant women (n = 223) examined associations between preconception body mass index (BMI) and socio-demographics, weight perceptions and lifestyle behaviors. Over half of women were overweight (33.2%) or obese (22.0%), 49.6% of which perceived their weight as normal. High proportions of women reported planning their pregnancies (70.0%) and were actively trying to lose or maintain their weight preconception (72.7%). Weight management approaches varied from reducing discretionary foods (63.7%) to professional support (8.1%). Obese women had significantly greater odds of reducing discretionary foods (odds ratio (OR) = 6.69 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.13–21.00, p = 0.001) and using structured diets (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 9.13 95% CI 2.90–28.81, p < 0.001) compared to normal-weight women. After adjusting for socio-demographics, compared to normal-weight women, overweight (AOR = 5.24 95% CI 2.19–12.56, p < 0.001) and obese (AOR = 2.85 95% CI 1.06–7.67, p = 0.04) women had significantly increased odds of exercising for weight management and significantly lower odds of taking folic-acid preconception (overweight: AOR = 0.40 95% CI 0.18–0.90, p = 0.01, obese: AOR = 0.38 95% CI 0.16–0.91, p = 0.03). Large proportions of women planning a pregnancy have an overweight/obese BMI, with associated suboptimal health behaviors and reduced health professional engagement preconception. Further research exploring women’s perspectives regarding preconception lifestyles is needed to inform effective preconception health promotion strategies.

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