Policy Implications for Protecting Health from the Hazards of Fire Smoke. A Panel Discussion Report from the Workshop Landscape Fire Smoke: Protecting Health in an Era of Escalating Fire Risk

Globally, and nationally in Australia, bushfires are expected to increase in frequency and intensity due to climate change. To date, protection of human health from fire smoke has largely relied on individual-level actions. Recent bushfires experienced during the Australian summer of 2019–2020 occurred over a prolonged period and encompassed far larger geographical areas than previously experienced, resulting in extreme levels of smoke for extended periods of time. This particular bushfire season resulted in highly challenging conditions, where many people were unable to protect themselves from smoke exposures. The Centre for Air pollution, energy and health Research (CAR), an Australian research centre, hosted a two-day symposium, Landscape Fire Smoke: Protecting health in an era of escalating fire risk, on 8 and 9 October 2020. One component of the symposium was a dedicated panel discussion where invited experts were asked to examine alternative policy settings for protecting health from fire smoke hazards with specific reference to interventions to minimise exposure, protection of outdoor workers, and current systems for communicating health risk. This paper documents the proceedings of the expert panel and participant discussion held during the workshop.

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Application of the Socio-Ecological System Framework to Forest Fire Risk Management: A Systematic Literature Review

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13042121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 2121 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ingrid Vigna ◽

Angelo Besana ◽

Elena Comino ◽

Alessandro Pezzoli

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Community Involvement ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Local Community ◽

Fire Risk ◽

Future Research ◽

Specific Reference ◽

Clear Understanding ◽

Wildfire Risk ◽

Starting Point

Although increasing concern about climate change has raised awareness of the fundamental role of forest ecosystems, forests are threatened by human-induced impacts worldwide. Among them, wildfire risk is clearly the result of the interaction between human activities, ecological domains, and climate. However, a clear understanding of these interactions is still needed both at the global and local levels. Numerous studies have proven the validity of the socioecological system (SES) approach in addressing this kind of interdisciplinary issue. Therefore, a systematic review of the existing literature on the application of SES frameworks to forest ecosystems is carried out, with a specific focus on wildfire risk management. The results demonstrate the existence of different methodological approaches that can be grouped into seven main categories, which range from qualitative analysis to quantitative spatially explicit investigations. The strengths and limitations of the approaches are discussed, with a specific reference to the geographical setting of the works. The research suggests the importance of local community involvement and local knowledge consideration in wildfire risk management. This review provides a starting point for future research on forest SES and a supporting tool for the development of a sustainable wildfire risk adaptation and mitigation strategy.

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ISET Expert Panel Discussion Series 2020–2021

Journal of Special Education Technology ◽

10.1177/01626434211033589 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 016264342110335

Author(s):

Emily Hoeh ◽

Tara L. Kaczorowski

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Special Education ◽

Information Sharing ◽

Expert Panel ◽

Panel Discussion ◽

Education Technology ◽

Technology Professional Development ◽

Individuals With Disabilities ◽

Technology Professional ◽

Development Committee

The Innovations and Special Education Technology Professional Development Committee would like to extend its appreciation to the following leaders in the field of Special Education. Each of the following individuals volunteered to speak during the 2020–2021 ISET Expert Panel Discussion series and shared expertise on a variety of pressing topics during remote instruction due to the COVID pandemic. The information sharing is a testament to their unwavering support for the members of ISET and all of the stakeholders involved in supporting individuals with disabilities.

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O7-4 Clinical utility of multi-disciplinary expert panel discussion in precision cancer medicine

Annals of Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.531 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. S287

Author(s):

Sadakatsu Ikeda ◽

Ryo Kudo ◽

Yamato Yamashita ◽

Rika Noji ◽

Jyunko Yokobori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Utility ◽

Expert Panel ◽

Panel Discussion ◽

Cancer Medicine

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Psychosocial Environment: A Health Promotion Model

International Quarterly of Community Health Education ◽

10.2190/5n5y-a1xu-7tn0-9e89 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 311-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Snehendu B. Kar

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Personal Autonomy ◽

The Philippines ◽

Situational Factors ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Individual Level ◽

Independent Effects ◽

Research And Policy

This article presents a multidimensional model of psychosocial determinants of health behavior for health promotion research and policy analysis. Frequently, health promotion focuses almost exclusively on intrapsychic determinants and on individual level behavior. Based upon Field Theory and attitude theories, this proposed model holds that in populations with comparable sociodemographic and biological status (exogenous variables) a health behavior is a function of direct and interaction effects of five key intrapsychic and external variables. These are: behavioral intentions, social support, accessibility of means for action, personal autonomy, and action situation. Empirical tests with cross-cultural studies in Venezuela, Kenya, and the Philippines provide substantial support for the model. The findings suggest that while health promotion strategies should deal with intrapsychic determinants of behavior, key extrapsychic factors (such as social support, quality and accessibility of health care measures, and situational factors) all have direct and independent effects on health behavior as well. Health promotion research and interventions which aim exclusively at intrapsychic determinants would thus have rather limited overall value. The article discusses key research and policy implications of the model presented.

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An Expert Panel Discussion on the Current and Future State of Telepsychiatry for Children and Adolescents

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1089/cap.2021.29195.pm ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 137-143

Author(s):

Paul Mitrani ◽

Sharon Cain ◽

Shabana Khan ◽

Kathleen Myers ◽

Ujjwal Ramtekkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Expert Panel ◽

Panel Discussion ◽

Future State

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Expert Panel Discussion “Responding to the Challenges and Opportunities of Population Aging and Individual Aging during the COVID-19 Pandemic”

Zhurnal Sotsiologii i Sotsialnoy Antropologii (The Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology) ◽

10.31119/jssa.2021.24.3.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Irina Grigoryeva

Keyword(s):

Expert Panel ◽

Population Aging ◽

Panel Discussion ◽

Challenges And Opportunities

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Criminal Justice Debt During the Prisoner Reintegration Process: Who Has It and How Much?

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0093854818790291 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 154-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Nathan W. Link

Keyword(s):

Criminal Justice ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Community Supervision ◽

Individual Level ◽

Prisoner Reintegration ◽

Negative Binomial Models ◽

The Individual ◽

Binomial Models ◽

Transition Home

Much recent, national attention has centered on financial sanctions and associated debt burdens related to criminal justice. Scholars and practitioners alike have argued that financial debt among the incarcerated, in particular, exacerbates a transition home already defined by difficulties. This article takes a step back and assesses who is at risk of these adverse consequences in reentry by examining the extent of debt burdens that resulted from financial sanctions, its sources, and the individual-level factors that are associated with owing criminal justice debt. Relying on the Returning Home data ( N = 740), results from descriptive analyses, logistic regression, and negative binomial models show that a large proportion of respondents owed debts and that debt was strongly linked with being mandated to community supervision. In addition, debt amount was predicted by employment, income, and race. Policy implications in the realm of financial sanctioning by courts and correctional agencies are discussed.

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The demography of desert Australia

The Rangeland Journal ◽

10.1071/rj07043 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 29 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Dominic Brown ◽

John Taylor ◽

Martin Bell

Keyword(s):

Economic Policy ◽

Arid Zone ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Population Projections ◽

Research Centre ◽

Arid Zones ◽

Demographic Information ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time ◽

Semi Arid

In recent years, with the formation of organisations such as the Desert Knowledge Cooperative Research Centre, social science interest in the Australian desert has re-surfaced with a research emphasis that is focused on creating sustainable futures for the region. One consequence of this is a demand for detailed demographic information to allow an assessment of different quanta of need in social and economic policy, and for assessment of the impact of these in environmental policy. However, demographic analysis on human populations in the desert to date has attracted very little research attention. In this paper we begin to address this lack of analysis by focusing on the populations, both aboriginal and non-aboriginal, of the arid and semi-arid zones of Australia. We extend earlier analysis by including for the first time demographic information on the semi-arid as well as the arid zone to establish the spatial pattern of population growth within the whole desert area drawing attention to the resulting settlement structure as an outcome of prevailing social, cultural and economic conditions. By examining population structure and demographic components of population change we also present for the first time population projections for the semi-arid zone and, therefore, in combination with the arid zone, for the entire Australian desert. All of this provides a basis for considering social and economic policy implications and the nature of underlying processes that drive change in this region.

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Understanding How Socioeconomic Inequalities Drive Inequalities In COVID-19 Infections

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1106866/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rachid Laajaj ◽

Duncan Webb ◽

Danilo Aristizabal ◽

Eduardo Behrentz ◽

Raquel Bernal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Process Model ◽

Adult Population ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Primary Data ◽

Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Middle Income ◽

Individual Level ◽

Disadvantaged Groups ◽

The Poor

Abstract Background: Across the world, the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected economically disadvantaged groups. This differential impact has numerous possible explanations, each with significantly different policy implications. We examine, for the first time in a low- or middle-income country, which mechanisms best explain the disproportionate impact of the virus on the poor. Methods: We use primary data from the CoVIDA project, including the results of 59,770 RT-PCR tests in Bogotá, targeted on a mostly asymptomatic adult population June 2020 to March 3rd, 2021. This is combined with administrative data that covers all reported cases in Bogotá. We estimate a number of parameters that are likely to drive inequality in COVID-19 infection rates across socioeconomic groups, then use these estimates in an individual-level branching process model of the epidemic. We use counterfactual scenarios to estimate the relative importance of different channels for explaining inequality in infection rates. Findings: Total infections and inequalities in infections are largely driven by inequalities in the ability to work remotely and in within-home secondary attack rates. Inequalities in isolation behavior are less important but non-negligible, while access to testing and contract-tracing plays practically no role. Interventions that mitigate transmission are found to be more effective when targeted on socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.Interpretation: Socioeconomically disadvantaged groups are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 infections, and this appears to be primarily driven by the need to work out of home, higher transmission within home, and to some extent, the ability to isolate when needed. Policies that can successfully reduce these channels of transmission among the poor are likely to have large benefits.

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