scholarly journals Occupational Disease as the Bane of Workers’ Lives: A Chronological Review of the Literature and Study of Its Development in Slovakia. Part 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5910
Author(s):  
Miriama Piňosová ◽  
Miriam Andrejiova ◽  
Miroslav Badida ◽  
Marek Moravec
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Trend Model

This article not only offers a chronological overview of the development of occupational medicine, but also offers a summary of occupational diseases recommended by the ILO and legislative decisions that have influenced how we approach assessment today. We consider that these areas form a whole in which they cannot function without each other and they would lose their relevance if the system was collapsed. By excluding even one part of it, we would find ourselves at the beginning of the era of occupational medicine, and a large number of employees would once again be exposed to conditions that previously led to considerable illness and mortality of employees. The article also examines legislation and the development of occupational diseases in Slovakia in the period 1997–2019. Using basic statistical methods and time series, a trend model for the time series of the development of the number of occupational diseases over the last 20 years is created. The modeling also includes a forecast for the development of the number of occupational diseases for the next 5 years. The model created shows a favorable, decreasing trend in the number of occupational diseases in Slovakia.

Computed tomography in diagnosis of silicosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Alina S. Kovaleva ◽  
Igor V. Bukhtiyarov ◽  
Natalya S. Serova ◽  
Tatyana B. Burmistrova
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Based Medicine

Respiratory system diseases are one of the main problems in contemporary occupational medicine and exceed one fifth of all occupational diseases. Objective of the review was search and analysis of literature on diagnosis of silicosis as an important occupational disease of respiratory organs, by computed tomography and high-resolution computed tomography, from evidence-based medicine viewpoint.

scholarly journals The Importance of Occupational Medicine Outpatient Clinics; a Single Center Experience in Turkey

Acta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mehmet Erdem Alagüney
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Secondary Health Care

Objective: The specialty of occupational medicine is newly developing in Turkey and the number of specialists and the specialty clinics are very few. The aim of this study is to present the first two-year data of an occupational medicine outpatient clinic. This clinic is unique as it is the first outpatient clinic in a secondary health care center in Turkey (except dedicated occupational disease hospitals), and the first residency-trained occupational medicine specialist in Turkey was running this clinic. The data will be compared with national numbers in order to show if these clinics make a difference in diagnosis and notification of occupational diseases. Materials and Methods: The data is collected from the hospital database between 2017 August to 2019 August who applied to Occupational Diseases Clinic in the hospital. Only the patients who were referred by a physician or applied themselves with suspicion of an occupational disease are included to the study. The patients who applied for periodic examinations, fitness for work evaluations are not included. Results: A total of 491 patients were included to the study. 444 of them did not have a prior diagnosis of occupational disease. Of these patients, 162 (36.4%) were diagnosed with an occupational disease. 42.6 % of these diagnoses were pneumoconiosis. Conclusion: Occupational diseases are underdiagnosed and/or underreported in Turkey. A single center dedicated to occupational diseases made a substantial increase in the number of occupational diseases in two years. In conclusion, these clinics would help improving recognition of occupational diseases.

scholarly journals Occupational diseases and general practitioners

Sigurnost ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-356
Author(s):  
Renata Ecimović Nemarnik ◽  
Marija Bubaš ◽  
Denis Lisica Mandek ◽  
Zoran Šimurina ◽  
Hrvoje Radić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Education Courses

SUMMARY: The aim of this study is to investigate the views of general practitioners regarding the reporting of occupational diseases and the possible link between work status, sickness and assessment of work ability with occupational diseases. The study also places focus on the need to improve collaboration with occupational medicine specialists, on general practitioners' need for education in certain areas of occupational health and occupational diseases, and on topics and ways of implementing education. The subjects were family physicians and general practitioners (50) employed in community health centers in Zagreb. The reported occupational diseases in family physician's surgeries were analyzed. It was found that 26% respondents reported occupational disease, 70% did not report it, and 4% did not know whether or not they had reported occupational disease in the last five years. The most commonly reported occupational diseases were diseases of the musculoskeletal system (38%) and skin diseases (38%). The reasons given for not reporting occupational diseases were that doctors were not aware that those were occupational diseases (91%), and because they feared that the patient may get fired (9%). The vast majority of respondents (94%) agreed that it is necessary to improve cooperation between family physicians and occupational medicine specialists. Seventy eight percent of family physicians were interested in education on how to recognize occupational diseases. Preventive team work on the part of occupational medicine specialists and family physicians using the 'check lists' in family physician's surgeries, and education courses on occupational health would improve primary prevention of occupational diseases, while early detection would halt the progress of occupational diseases and thus reduce ensuing disability caused by occupational disease.

On the issue of criteria for recognition of occupational disease as an insured event in health care workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 618-619
Author(s):  
L. V. Dovgusha ◽  
N. N. Petruhin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Rehabilitation Measures ◽  
Professional Capacity ◽  
Insured Event

The publication deals with cases of occupational diseases in medical workers, in which the degree of loss of professional capacity is not determined, but patients need medical rehabilitation measures.

scholarly journals Improvement of the module for occupational diseases in the structure of occupational health record

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Iancheva ◽  
T Kundurzhiev ◽  
N Tzacheva ◽  
L Hristova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
National Level ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Occupational Health Services ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Disease Module

Abstract The study is based on the National Science Program 'eHealth in Bulgaria (e-Health)', funded by the Ministry of Education and Science. Partnership Contract No. D-01-200/16.11.2018 Issue Occupational health is closely linked to public health and health system. In Bulgaria there are many software products related to the registration and reporting of occupational health. Description of the Problem It is necessary to study all the determinants of occupational health, including the risks of diseases and accidents in the occupational environment, social and individual factors. The establishment of electronic systems for registering and monitoring both the health status of each worker and the possible hazards in the work environment is associated with the introduction and use of the occupational health record of each worker. Results The methodology for improving the module for occupational diseases in the structure of the occupational health record in Bulgaria has been developed. The classifications are in compliance with the legislation in the country and the requirements of the developing Eurostat methodology for European statistics on occupational diseases are applied. The occupational health record will serve both employers and physicians working in Occupational Health Services. Lessons The occupational disease module in the structure of the occupational health record will contribute to the statistical comparability of occupational disease data at regional and national level. Not only will the registration of the harmful factors of the working environment and the diseases related to the work process, but also the introduction of timely measures to ensure good occupational and public health. Key messages Through the occupational disease module, the structure of the occupational health record introduces the possibility of taking adequate measures to ensure good occupational health. The occupational health record will serve both employers and physicians working in Occupational Health Services.

scholarly journals Estimating feedforward and feedback effective connections from fMRI time series: Assessments of statistical methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Sanchez-Romero ◽  
Joseph D. Ramsey ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Madelyn R. K. Glymour ◽  
Biwei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Permutation Test ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Non Gaussian ◽  
True Structure ◽  
Better Than

We test the adequacies of several proposed and two new statistical methods for recovering the causal structure of systems with feedback from synthetic BOLD time series. We compare an adaptation of the first correct method for recovering cyclic linear systems; Granger causal regression; a multivariate autoregressive model with a permutation test; the Group Iterative Multiple Model Estimation (GIMME) algorithm; the Ramsey et al. non-Gaussian methods; two non-Gaussian methods by Hyvärinen and Smith; a method due to Patel et al.; and the GlobalMIT algorithm. We introduce and also compare two new methods, Fast Adjacency Skewness (FASK) and Two-Step, both of which exploit non-Gaussian features of the BOLD signal. We give theoretical justifications for the latter two algorithms. Our test models include feedback structures with and without direct feedback (2-cycles), excitatory and inhibitory feedback, models using experimentally determined structural connectivities of macaques, and empirical human resting-state and task data. We find that averaged over all of our simulations, including those with 2-cycles, several of these methods have a better than 80% orientation precision (i.e., the probability of a directed edge is in the true structure given that a procedure estimates it to be so) and the two new methods also have better than 80% recall (probability of recovering an orientation in the true structure).

Assessment of Disease Severity and Comorbidity Status in Patients with Occupational Polyneuropathy of Upper Extremities

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
NN Loginova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Occupational Disorders ◽  
Comorbidity Status

Introduction: Occupational polyneuropathy of upper extremities induced by physical overload is often registered among workers of various occupations. Yet, modern science lacks up-to-date results of a comprehensive assessment of the condition of such patients in terms of occupational disease severity and the presence of concomitant non-occupational diseases. Objective: To establish severity of the occupational disease and comorbidity status in workers of various occupations, to assess their significance for planning measures aimed at professional rehabilitation of patients. Materials and methods: Severity of occupational polyneuropathy and comorbidity status were established in agricultural, construction, industrial, and mining workers. Results: In all cohorts of workers, occupational polyneuropathy is generally registered in middle-aged and elderly people usually experiencing moderate symptoms; in most cases, it is combined with other occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal system and the peripheral nervous system. Miners suffering from this type of polyneuropathy are often diagnosed with chronic industrial bronchitis. Of non-occupational disorders, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, dorsopathies, and osteoarthritis of various sites prevail in all occupational cohorts and limit the ability of patients to work. Discussion: The severity of polyneuropathy and comorbidity status of patients from different occupational cohorts vary and this fact shall be taken into account when planning medical and professional rehabilitation of workers, which is usually hampered due to imperfection of the current regulations on examining professional suitability, according to which occupational peripheral neuropathy cases shall not stop working in conditions of physical overload. Conclusions: It is critical to attend to the flaws of current regulations, which impede effective rehabilitation of patients with occu¬pational polyneuropathy and other associated diseases.

Tropical infections as occupational diseases – labor inspectorate physicians’ aspects of a complex problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Paul J. Jansing ◽  
Audry Morrison ◽  
Travis W. Heggie ◽  
Thomas Küpper
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Occupational Physicians ◽  
Tropical Infections

<p><b>Background: </b>Occupational physicians work directly with individual employees regarding diseases that has been caused or exacerbated by workplace factors. However, employees are increasingly required to travel for their work, including to tropical countries where they risk exposure to diseases they would not normally encounter at home (i.e., malaria). Such disease/s may also take days to months to incubate before becoming symptomatic, even after their return home, thus delaying and complicating the diagnosis. Proving this was an occupational disease with respective sick leave entitlement or compensation can be challenging. There is a lack of data concerning occupational diseases caused by tropical infections. <p> <b>Material and methods: </b>Employee case records for the period 2003-2008 from the State Institute for Occupational Health and Safety of North-Rhine Westphalia in Germany were analysed and assessed within Germany’s regulatory framework. These records included Germany’s largest industrial zone.<p> <b>Results: </b>From 2003-2008the suspected cases of “tropical diseases and typhus”, categorized as occupational disease “Bk 3104” in Germany, have decreased significantly. A high percentage of the suspected cases was accepted as occupational disease, but persistent or permanent sequelae which conferred an entitlement to compensation were rare. <p><b>Conclusion: </b> There is scope to improve diagnosis and acceptance of tropical diseases as occupational diseases. The most important diseases reported were malaria, amoebiasis, and dengue fever. Comprehensive pre-travel advice and post-travel follow-ups by physicians trained in travel and occupational health medicine should be mandatory. Data indicate that there is a lack of knowledge on how to prevent infectious disease abroad.

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