Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Human Consumption and Irrigation in Relation to Arsenic Concentration in Flow Systems in a Semi-Arid Mexican Region

The supply of drinking water to the population is an important challenge facing humanity, since both surface and underground sources present a great variability of water storage with respect to space and time. This problem is further aggravated in arid and semi-arid areas where rainfall is low and torrential, which makes groundwater the main source of supply; therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies that allow evaluating the evolution of the quantity and quality of water. This study addresses the behavior of groundwater in a semi-arid region, considering the theory of flow systems to identify movement as well as water quality, es determined by a water quality index (WQI), calculated considering arsenic and fluorine. In addition, a quality irrigation classification is used, employing the norms in accordance with international standards and the Mexican Norm, which allows for a comparison. Local, regional, intermediate and mixed flow systems are identified, and the evolution of cations and anions in addition to temperature is examined. It is observed that the drinking water quality index classifies them as excellent in most of the monitored wells (<50), but with a negative evolution. Regarding irrigation, most of the water samples are classified without restriction for the establishment of any type II crop (C2S1) and with restrictions for horticultural crops. It is observed that arsenic had values between 0.49 and 61.40 (µg/L) in 2005, while in 2015 they were between 0.10 and 241.30 (µg/L). In addition, fluoride presented values between 0.00 and 2.6 (mg/L) in 2005, while in 2015 they were between 0.28 and 5.40 (mg/L). The correlations between arsenic and fluorine are noted as well as WQI and SAR. A finding in this research was to include arsenic and fluorine in the calculation of the WQI allowing a better interpretation of the quality of water for both human consumption and for agricultural use to based on this make the best decision to control any harmful effects for the population, in addition to identifying the appropriate purification treatment required to control pollutants. It is concluded that arsenic is an element of utmost importance when considering water quality, so it is necessary to examine its evolution and continue to monitor its levels constantly.

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Groundwater quality assessment using water quality index (WQI) under GIS framework

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-021-01376-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Arjun Ram ◽

S. K. Tiwari ◽

H. K. Pandey ◽

Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia ◽

Supriya Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Granite Gneiss ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Anthropogenic Contamination ◽

Quality Of Water

AbstractGroundwater is an important source for drinking water supply in hard rock terrain of Bundelkhand massif particularly in District Mahoba, Uttar Pradesh, India. An attempt has been made in this work to understand the suitability of groundwater for human consumption. The parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, copper, manganese, silver, zinc, iron and nickel were analysed to estimate the groundwater quality. The water quality index (WQI) has been applied to categorize the water quality viz: excellent, good, poor, etc. which is quite useful to infer the quality of water to the people and policy makers in the concerned area. The WQI in the study area ranges from 4.75 to 115.93. The overall WQI in the study area indicates that the groundwater is safe and potable except few localized pockets in Charkhari and Jaitpur Blocks. The Hill-Piper Trilinear diagram reveals that the groundwater of the study area falls under Na+-Cl−, mixed Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl− and Ca2+-$${\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }$$ HCO 3 - types. The granite-gneiss contains orthoclase feldspar and biotite minerals which after weathering yields bicarbonate and chloride rich groundwater. The correlation matrix has been created and analysed to observe their significant impetus on the assessment of groundwater quality. The current study suggests that the groundwater of the area under deteriorated water quality needs treatment before consumption and also to be protected from the perils of geogenic/anthropogenic contamination.

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Evaluation water quality of Diyala River in Iraq using Bhargava method

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201816205001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 162 ◽

pp. 05001

Author(s):

Nawar Al-Musawi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

River Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

The Third ◽

Tigris River ◽

Good For ◽

Diyala River

Diyala River is a tributary of Tigris River, it is one of the important rivers in Iraq. It covers a total distance of 445 km (275 miles). 32600 km2 is the area that drains by Diyala River between Iraqi-Iranian borders. This research aims to evaluate the water quality index WQI of Diyala River, where three stations were chosen along the river. These stations are D12 at Jalawlaa City at the beginning of Diyala River, the second station is D15 at Baaquba City at the mid distance of the river, and the third station is D17 which is the last station before the confluence of Diyala River with Tigris River at Baghdad city. Bhargava method was used in order to evaluate the water quality index for both irrigation and drinking uses. The results indicated that Diyala river water quality at its beginning was excellent for irrigation and good for drinking, while at the mid distance of the river, it was good for irrigation but heavily polluted and unsafe for drinking. Water quality of the river at the third site was acceptable for irrigation but again severely polluted and unsafe for drinking.

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Assessment of spatial and temporal variation of water quality in mid hills of North West Himalyas- a Water Quality Index approach

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.14.1.06 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 37-48

Author(s):

Ajay Kumar Singh ◽

Satish Kumar Bhardwaj

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Disease Burden ◽

Water Sources ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

North West ◽

High Disease Burden

Today, the quality of drinking water across the globe has become an environmental concern because of its degradation due to urbanization, industrialization, transportation etc. Solan, a rapidly developing district and an industrial hub, in the recent past has faced water borne diarrhoeal disease outbreaks. Therefore, the study was undertaken to assess the water quality of disease burden regions during monsoon and post monsoon seasons. pH of the water sources was in the range of 6.92- 7.43 and was well within normal limits. Electrical conductivity of water ranged from 151.40- 414.65 µS/cm. The water sources of high disease burden regions exhibited higher EC than the prescribed ICMR standards. DO (range 7.43- 8.56 mg/l) was normal in all disease burden regions. BOD (range 12.25- 23.25 mg/l) was higher than the BIS limits in all regions. The COD, TDS and turbidity (range 75.75- 157.50 mg/l, 2.24- 81.01 mg/l and 1.85- 5.05 NTU respectively) were within BIS limits. The concentrations (mg/l) of Ca, Pb, Hg, Zn and Cr was found in the ranges of 37.2- 122.9, 0.17- 0.51, 0.00- 0.03, 0.74- 8.99 and 0.04- 0.10, respectively. The high disease burden regions exhibited relatively higher contents of Ca, Hg and Cr as compared to lower one and the BIS limits. However, contents of Pb and Zn were above BIS limits in all the regions. The concentration (mg/l) of Mg, NO3-, Cl- and As was in the ranges of 14.25- 30.61, 5.10- 9.88, 16.42- 74.96 , 0.001- 0.014 respectively, which were below prescribed standards. Cd was detected (0.001 mg/l) in Solan region only, however it was within BIS limits. Water Quality Index (WQI) computed by using nine parameters varied from 78.58- 219.78 (very poor to unsafe drinking water class). Interestingly, water sources of all the high disease burden regions were unsafe for drinking (WQI: 102.02- 167.04). Water quality deteriorated more in the monsoons. The study therefore warrants remedial actions of water resource protection and conservation for provision of potable water.

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ANALISIS PERUNTUKAN DANAU SIPIN DITINJAU DARI KETERSEDIAAN DAN KUALITAS AIR

Jurnal Civronlit Unbari ◽

10.33087/civronlit.v2i1.13 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Guntar Marolop S ◽

Sutrisno Sutrisno

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Open System ◽

Lake Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Water Quantity ◽

Index Method ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

The City

The Lake is an ecosystem of wetlands to note preserved. However, since the Lake is an open system that can also be utilized for the certain provisions tailored to support power and capacity of the Lake. One of the supported power and capacity of the Lake is the availability and quality of the water of the Lake. Sipin lakes located in the city of Jambi, have long been exploited by various parties, just that its utilization is not maximal for a variety of activities. To maximize its utility it is necessary to know the power support and power tampungnya. By knowing the power support and power tampungnya then it can be determined the allocation it is used so that will give you maximum results. One of the variables that need to be taken care of in order to use Sipin Lake against correspond to peruntukkannya is about the availability and quality of water. Study on quantity and quality of water of the Lake can be done by way of Sipin analyzed the data using the method of precipitation F.J. Mock. Water quality studies done by using water quality Index method of electronically Stored. F.J. method using Mock data to analyze rainfall from year 2005 until 2015, obtained that debit maximum inlet reach 4,870 m3/sec and the minimum discharge of 2,090 m3/sec.Method Stored i.e. testing kualiats Sipin lake water from year 2014 2016 disimpulkkan s/d that the water quality of Lake Sipin only in accordance with the requirements of the water quality of the IV. From fluctuations in discharge and water quality of the IV, then Lake peruntukaan Sipin can only be utilized to provide water gardening or urban businesses or other businesses that comply with the requirements of the water quality of the IV.Keywords: Lake, water quantity, water quality, allocation, and utilization.

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Pre-Post Monsoon Assessment of Ground Water of Ghot Village in Gadchiroli District

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.d6838.118419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 3444-3448

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Water Source ◽

Threshold Value ◽

World Health ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Drinking Water Source

there basic need of human being that is food, shelter and Cloth. So as In food water is very important after air, around 72% of earth surface is covered with water but among them only few percentage of source are available for drinking and other domestic purposed. Sub-Surface water is one of the most priceless naturally occurring things which balance human health and development of ecology. In this research find out safe drinking water source in Ghot village of Gadchiroli district. Also find determine chipset filtration process required other drinking water sources so that people from Ghot village are easily use this water for drinking and domestic purposed. With the help of sample analysis from different location of Ghot village are tested in laboratory and check with BIS and WHO standards. Water quality guidelines provide a threshold value for each parameter for drinking water. It is necessary that the quality of drinking water should be checked at regular time intervals, because due to the use of contaminated drinking water, the human population suffers from various water borne diseases. There are some parameters of drinking water quality parameters like World Health Organization (WHO) and Indian Standard IS 12500: 2012. The objectives of this study are to analyses the underground water quality of Ghot Village of Gadchiroli region by water quality index. In this research 11 sample point location were selected on five parameter which are essential for check for quality. Physico-chemical parameters such as PH, Turbidity, Total Hardness, Fluoride and Total Dissolved Solids collected different place like boar well, pond, River etc. In this study find out the range of water quality index so that treatment on water can be perform properly on respective drinking water source

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Assessment of water quality bounamoussa river in el tarf region using water quality index (Algeria)

International Journal of Hydrology ◽

10.15406/ijh.2020.04.00258 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 299-302

Author(s):

Lilia Zaoui

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Study Region ◽

Drinking Purposes ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Almost All ◽

Continue Monitoring

Water quality is an important standard in matching water require and contribute. Abundant degree of freshwater is prominent for biological requirements and is a vital surface of incorporated environmental managing and sustainable development. The quality of water indices evaluation enterprise particular value which reduce the immense quantity of parameters and simply characterize data. The aim objective of the present study is to assess the suitability of surface water of Bounamoussa River situated in El-Tarf city located in the Algerian's extreme northeast, for drinking purpose based on calculated water quality index standards. Per methodology, WQI is a significant parameter to check the quality of water, and its calculation was carried out by using relations given in the water quality index computation which twelve selected parameters (pH, EC,TH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, NH4, SO4, NO2, NO3) have been considered, which were measured at nine stations along the river during two sampling campaigns (winter and summer seasons). The results showed that the computed WQI values of Bounamoussa River surface water extend from 32,80 to 65,77 with an average 46,76 in winter and fluctuate from 35,86 to 97,46 with an average of 47,25 in summer, in general, the study region in both seasons is under excellent to good category. Water from almost all the sampled sites can be careful as suitable for drinking purposes. It’s recommended to continue monitoring the water of this ecosystem to facilitate the establishment at all levels to supervise and defend the natural resources of the region.

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Determination of the water quality index in two rural properties in the Municipality of Guatambu-SC/ Determinação do índice de qualidade da água em duas propriedades rurais no Município de Guatambu-SC

Brazilian Journal of Development ◽

10.34117/bjdv7n4-079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 34480-34491

Author(s):

Matheus Cavali ◽

Ana Paula Fagundes ◽

Deise Regina Lazzarotto

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Protection Area ◽

Two Parameters

Knowing the quality of water resources is fundamental to guarantee its different functions in the environment. In this sense, this study highlighted the relationship between land use and occupation with water quality, since the objective was to assess water quality in two rural properties in the municipality of Guatambu in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Five points for analysis and their geographic coordinates were demarcated in each property using the Global Positioning System (GPS) and inserted into the Quantum GIS (QGIS) software for spatial assessment. For the water quality analysis of each point, the following parameters were determined: pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, color, turbidity, alkalinity, chlorides and biochemical oxygen demand. According to these results, the Bascarán surface water quality index (SWQIB) was estimated. As demonstrated by the results, both properties presented an SWQIB ranging from “medium” to “good”. However, when comparing the points intended for human consumption with the Brazilian Decree 2,914 of December 2011, it was found that the color and turbidity parameters were in disagreement in some cases. However, these two parameters can easily vary. In addition, it was noted that points classified with SWQIB "good" have a better protection area when compared to points classified with SWQIB "medium".

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Water Quality Index, a Useful Tool for Evaluation of Danube River Raw Water

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.8.5754 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (8) ◽

pp. 1732-1739 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Iuliana Paun ◽

Florentina Laura Chiriac ◽

Nicoleta Mirela Marin ◽

Liliana Valeria Cruceru ◽

Luoana Florentina Pascu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Danube River ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Water Quality Classification ◽

Canadian Council ◽

Ccme Wqi

The Danube River is the major source of drinking water supply for the cities in the southern part of Romania. The study was a descriptive-analytical one and lasted for 9 month. Samples were taken monthly between March 2016 and November 2016. Six sampling sites were selected to evaluate the spatial and temporal changes of water quality along the river. The samples were analyzed based on the standard methods for the following parameters: pH, conductivity (EC), NH4+, NO3-, Cl -, suspended solids, PO43-, SO42-, metals (Fe, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Hg, As, Zn, Cu, Mn). The obtained values were compared with those imposed by the Romanian environmental legislation. An efficient and simplified method to express the quality of water used for consumption is provided by the Water Quality Index (WQI). WQI reflects the quality of water in a single value by comparing data obtained from the investigation of a number of physico-chemical parameters to the existing limits. The evaluation of water quality was performed using the Water Quality Index of the Canadian Council of Ministries of the Environment (CCME WQI). Water quality indices were classified as: excellent, good, medium, bad and very bad. The results indicated the water quality classification as �good� in all six sampling selected sites.

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Water quality index method in assessing groundwater quality of Palakonda mandal in Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-019-1110-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Santhosh Kumar Nadikatla ◽

Venkata SubbaRao Mushini ◽

Phani Surya Murali Krishna Mudumba

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Andhra Pradesh ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Index Method

AbstractClean, safe and acceptable fresh water is fundamental to the existence of life. There is still a serious problem with adequate availability of fresh and quality of water for human consumption. This study, therefore, assesses the relevance of groundwater in the selected sites of villages of Palakonda mandal in the Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh, India, for consumption, based on different indices of water quality. Groundwater is the principal source for domestic and irrigation purposes in this region. In order to assess the quality of groundwater, 39 groundwater samples were collected during pre- and post-monsoon season from 2013 to 2016. The concentrations of physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness (TH), Ca(II), Mg(II), fluoride (F−), chloride (Cl−), dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity and nitrite (NO2−) were analyzed to compute Water Quality Index (WQI). The results of the concentrations were interpreted and compared with WHO (2012) and BIS (2012) standards. Correlation between various parameters was also computed, and the results were presented. The results of WQI computation infer that the groundwater of the selected sites in Palakonda mandal is rated as ‘good’ for human consumption.

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Assessment of Pollution Load in Terms of Water Quality Index and Modelling of Taladanda Canal and Mahanadi River in Paradip Area, Odisha, India

Asian Journal of Water Environment and Pollution ◽

10.3233/ajw200052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 59-72

Author(s):

Rabiranjan Prusty ◽

Trinath Biswal

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Physicochemical Analysis ◽

Pollution Load ◽

Mahanadi River ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Modelling Of Water Quality

The modelling of water quality is an integrated source of good management, which benefits the environment and its people. In the present study, the quality of water was measured in terms of physicochemical analysis and WQI. This analysis facilitates the eco-management study of the water. In this article, we have measured the quality of the water in Taladanda canal and river Mahanadi nearby Paradip area in terms of WQI for the year 2017. Five different sampling stations were selected from Taladanda canal and nine sampling points were selected from river Mahanadi. It was found that the water quality index in most of the areas was much higher, however, the water is of poor quality. But in PPL site areas, the quality of water was found to be very poor and not suitable for human use. The pollution load was found to be much higher in the Taladanda canal and moderate in Mahanadi River near the Paradip area.

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