scholarly journals The Effect of Intensity, Frequency, Duration and Volume of Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents on Skeletal Muscle Fitness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9640
Author(s):  
Chunchun Wu ◽  
Yongjin Xu ◽  
Zhaojing Chen ◽  
Yinhang Cao ◽  
Kehong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Muscle Fitness

Physical activity could improve the muscle fitness of youth, but the systematic analysis of physical activity elements and muscle fitness was limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the influence of physical activity elements on muscle fitness in children and adolescents. We analyzed literature in Embase, EBSCO, Web of Science, and PubMed databases from January 2000 to September 2020. Only randomized controlled studies with an active control group, which examined at least 1 muscle fitness evaluation index in individuals aged 5–18 years were included. Articles were evaluated using the Jaded scale. Weighted-mean standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using random-effects models. Twenty-one studies and 2267 subjects were included. Physical activity had moderate effects on improving muscle fitness (SMD: 0.58–0.96, p < 0.05). Physical activity element subgroup analysis showed that high-intensity (SMD 0.68–0.99, p < 0.05) physical activity < 3 times/week (SMD 0.68–0.99, p < 0.05), and < 60 min/session (SMD 0.66–0.76, p < 0.01) effectively improved muscle fitness. Resistance training of ≥ 3 sets/session (SMD 0.93–2.90, p < 0.01) and < 10 repetitions/set (SMD 0.93–1.29, p < 0.05) significantly improved muscle fitness. Low-frequency, high-intensity, and short-duration physical activity more effectively improves muscle fitness in children and adolescents. The major limitation of this meta-analysis was the low quality of included studies. The study was registered in PROSPERO with the registration number CRD42020206963 and was funded mainly by the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science project, China.

scholarly journals Dose-Response Relationship between Endurance Training Prescription Variables and Increases in Aerobic Performance of Healthy and Unhealthy Middle and Very Old Individuals Aged 70 Years and Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Sarah Cheour ◽  
Chouaib Cheour ◽  
Nicola Luigi Bragazzi ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
Armin H. Paravlic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

Background: The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to quantify the effectiveness of endurance training (ET) on aerobic performance (i.e., peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak)) in healthy and unhealthy middle and very old adults aged 70 years and older, and to provide dose–response relationships of training prescription variables (in terms of frequency, and volume). Methods: Several scholarly databases (i.e., PubMed/MEDLINE, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect Journals, and Taylor & Francis Online—Journals) were searched, identifying randomized controlled studies that investigated the effectiveness of ET on VO2peak in older adults. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated. Results: In terms of changes differences between experimental and control group, ET produced significant large effects on VO2peak performance (SMD = 2.64 (95%CI 0.97–4.31)). The moderator analysis revealed that “health status” variable moderated ET effect onVO2peak performance. More specifically, ET produced larger SMD magnitudes on VO2peak performance in healthy compared with unhealthy individuals. With regard to the dose–response relationships, findings from the meta-regression showed that none of the included training prescription variables predicted ET effects on VO2peak performance. Conclusions: ET is an effective mean for improving aerobic performance in healthy older adults when compared with their unhealthy counterparts.

scholarly journals Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Severe and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penglei Yang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Ruiqiang Zheng ◽  
Rui Tan ◽  
Xianghui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

Abstract Background: Convalescent plasma treatment of severe and critically ill Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) patients is still controversial.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma in patients with severe COVID-19 infection and critically ill patients, We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review of convalescent plasma therapy in severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients.Methods: We conducted a literature search in electronic data and citations of previously published systematic reviews. We included only randomized controlled studies on convalescent plasma for the treatment of severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 7 randomized controlled trials and 1363 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to patients of the control group, there was no difference in clinical improvement (Four studies, RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.17, p = 0.22, moderate certainty) and mortality (seven studies, RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.11, p = 0.48, moderate certainty) for patients of convalescent plasma therapy group.Conclusion: Convalescent plasma does not reduce the improvement of symptoms and the risk of death in severely infected and critically ill COVID-19 patients

scholarly journals Effects of Smartphone-Based Interventions on Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

10.2196/22601 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e22601
Author(s):  
Zihao He ◽  
Hua Wu ◽  
Fengyu Yu ◽  
Jinmei Fu ◽  
Shunli Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
Smartphone Intervention

Background About 70% of children and adolescents worldwide do not meet the recommended level of physical activity (PA), which is closely associated with physical, psychological, and cognitive well-being. Nowadays, the use of technologies to change PA is of interest due to the need for novel, more effective intervention approaches. The previous meta-analyses have examined smartphone-based interventions and their impact on PA in adults, but evidence in children and adolescents still needs further research. Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effectiveness of smartphone-based interventions for improving PA in children and adolescents. Methods Five electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, OVID, Scopus, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched up to June 29, 2020. Randomized controlled trials with a control group that examine the effect of smartphone interventions on PA among children and adolescents were included. Bias risks were assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool. Meta-analysis was performed to assess the pooled effect on PA using a random effects model. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the potential modifying effects of different factors (eg, types of intervention, intervention duration, age, measurement, study quality). Results A total of 9 studies were included in this review, including 4 mobile app interventions, 3 SMS text messaging interventions, and 2 app + SMS text messaging interventions. In general, the risk of bias of included studies was low. Compared with the control group, the use of smartphone intervention significantly improved PA (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.44, 95% CI 0.11-0.77, P=.009), especially for total PA (TPA; weighted mean difference [WMD] 32.35, 95% CI 10.36-54.33, P=.004) and daily steps (WMD 1185, 95% CI 303-2068, P=.008), but not for moderate-to-vigorous PA (WMD 3.91, 95% CI –1.99 to 9.81, P=.19). High statistical heterogeneity was detected (I2=73.9%, P<.001) for PA. Meta-regression showed that duration (β=–.08, 95% CI –0.15 to –0.01, n=16) was a potential factor for high heterogeneity. The results of subgroup analyses indicated that app intervention (SMD 0.76, 95% CI 0.23-1.30, P=.005), children (SMD 0.64, 95% CI 0.10-1.18, P=.02), “≤8 weeks” (SMD 0.76, 95% CI 0.23-1.30, P=.005), objective measurement (SMD 0.50, 95% CI 0.09-0.91, P=.02), and low risk of bias (SMD 0.96, 95% CI 0.38-1.54, P=.001) can significantly improve PA. Conclusions The evidence of meta-analysis shows that smartphone-based intervention may be a promising strategy to increase TPA and steps in children and adolescents. Currently, app intervention may be a more effective strategy among smartphone intervention technologies. To extend the promise of smartphone intervention, the future needs to design comparative trials among different smartphone technologies. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42019148261; https://tinyurl.com/y5modsrd

scholarly journals Effects of Electroacupuncture for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Woo Shim ◽  
Jae-Young Jung ◽  
Sung-Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Electroacupuncture Treatment

Purpose.This study aims to verify the effects of electroacupuncture treatment on osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods.MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, AMED, CNKI, and five Korean databases were searched by predefined search strategies to screen eligible randomized controlled studies meeting established criteria. Any risk of bias in the included studies was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan version 5.3 software.Results.Thirty-one randomized controlled studies of 3,187 participants were included in this systematic review. Meta-analysis was conducted with eight studies including a total of 1,220 participants. The electroacupuncture treatment group showed more significant improvement in pain due to knee osteoarthritis than the control group (SMD −1.86, 95% CI −2.33 to −1.39,I275%) and in total WOMAC score than the control group (SMD −1.34, CI 95% −1.85 to −0.83,I273%). Compared to the control group, the electroacupuncture treatment group showed more significant improvement on the quality of life scale.Conclusion.Electroacupuncture treatment can relieve the pain of osteoarthritis of the knees and improve comprehensive aspects of knee osteoarthritis and the quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals The efficacy and safety of antimuscarinics for the prevention or treatment of catheter-related bladder discomfort: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongbao Zhou ◽  
Yuanshan Cui ◽  
Xiaoyi Zhang ◽  
Youyi Lu ◽  
Zhipeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Facial Flushing ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objectives This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antimuscarinics for the prevention or treatment of catheter related bladder discomfort (CRBD). Methods The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (from 1987 to July 2021) were used to search randomized controlled trials. The PRISMA checklists were followed. RevMan5.4.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results Eleven studies involving 1165 patients were involved in the analysis. The study reported that the incidence of CRBD observed in the antimuscarinics group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 0-, 1-, 2-, and 6-h after drug therapy (P = 0.001, P < 0.0001, P = 0.0005, and P = 0.001, respectively). For side effects, there were not statistical differences between the antimuscarinics group and the control group, mainly including dry mouth (risk ratio (RR) = 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95 to 1.80, P = 0.09), postoperative nausea and vomiting (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.55 to 1.90, P = 0.87), facial flushing (RR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.43 to 2.61, P = 0.90), and blurred vision (RR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.35 to 2.58, P = 0.91). Besides, rescue analgesics were required less in the antimuscarinics group than in the control group (RR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.32 to 0.80, P = 0.003). Conclusions Compared with the control group, the antimuscarinics group had a significant improvement on CRBD, the patients were well tolerated and the use rate of rescue analgesics was low.

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