scholarly journals Examining Predictors of Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11284
Author(s):  
Diane Dolezel ◽  
Alexander McLeod ◽  
Larry Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Training Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Training Set

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States. This study analyzed predictors of myocardial infarction (MI) for those aged 35 and older based on demographic, socioeconomic, geographic, behavioral, and risk factors, as well as access to healthcare variables using the Center for Disease (CDC) Control Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey for the year 2019. Multiple quasibinomial models were generated on an 80% training set hierarchically and then used to forecast the 20% test set. The final training model proved somewhat capable of prediction with a weighted F1-Score = 0.898. A complete model based on statistically significant variables using the entirety of the dataset was compared to the same model built on the training set. Models demonstrated coefficient stability. Similar to previous studies, age, gender, marital status, veteran status, income, home ownership, employment status, and education level were important demographic and socioeconomic predictors. The only geographic variable that remained in the model was associated with the West North Central Census Division (in-creased risk). Statistically important behavioral and risk factors as well as comorbidities included health status, smoking, alcohol consumption frequency, cholesterol, blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), kidney disease, and arthritis. Three access to healthcare variables proved statistically significant: lack of a primary care provider (Odds Ratio, OR = 0.853, p < 0.001), cost considerations prevented some care (OR = 1.232, p < 0.001), and lack of an annual checkup (OR = 0.807, p < 0.001). The directionality of these odds ratios is congruent with a marginal effects model and implies that those without MI are more likely not to have a primary provider or annual checkup, but those with MI are more likely to have missed care due to the cost of that care. Cost of healthcare for MI patients is associated with not receiving care after accounting for all other variables.

Characteristics of Adults Who Use Both Marijuana and E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Products

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110186
Author(s):  
Nathaniel M. Lewis ◽  
Michael Friedrichs ◽  
Shelly S. Wagstaff ◽  
Allyn K. Nakashima ◽  
Angela C. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Referent Group

Objectives Among young people, dual use of marijuana and e-cigarette, or vaping, products (EVPs) is linked with using more inhalant substances and other substances, and poorer mental health. To understand antecedents and potential risks of dual use in adults, we analyzed a representative adult population in Utah. Methods We used data from the 2018 Utah Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (n = 10 380) and multivariable logistic regression to evaluate differences in sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and risk factors among adults aged ≥18 who reported currently using both EVPs (any substance) and marijuana (any intake mode), compared with a referent group of adults who used either or neither. Results Compared with the referent group, adults using EVPs and marijuana had greater odds of being aged 18-29 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 12.44; 95% CI, 6.15-25.14) or 30-39 (aOR = 3.75; 95% CI, 1.73-8.12) versus ≥40, being male (aOR = 3.29; 95% CI, 1.82-5.96) versus female, reporting ≥14 days of poor mental health in previous 30 days (aOR = 2.30; 95% CI, 1.23-4.32) versus <14 days, and reporting asthma (aOR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.02-4.31), chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (aOR = 2.94; 95% CI, 1.19-7.93), currently smoking cigarettes (aOR = 4.56; 95% CI, 2.63-7.93), or past-year use of prescribed chronic pain medications (aOR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.06-4.30), all versus not. Conclusions Clinicians and health promotion specialists working with adults using both EVPs and marijuana should assess risk factors and comorbidities that could contribute to dual use or associated outcomes and tailor prevention messaging accordingly.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Coronary Artery Disease among New Dialysis Patients in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1516-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
AUSTIN G. STACK ◽  
WENDY E. BLOEMBERGEN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract. Despite the high prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), few studies have identified clinical correlates using national data. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical associations of CAD in a national random sample of new ESRD in the United States in 1996/1997 (n = 4025). Data on demographic characteristics and comorbidities were obtained from the Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Study, Wave 2. The principal outcome was CAD, defined as the presence of a previous history of CAD, myocardial infarction, or angina, coronary artery bypass surgery, coronary angioplasty, or abnormal coronary angiographic findings. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship of conventional factors and proposed uremic factors to the presence of CAD. CAD was present in 38% of patients. Of the total cohort, 17% had a history of myocardial infarction and 23% had angina. Several conventional risk factors, including advancing age, male gender, diabetes mellitus, and smoking, were significantly associated with CAD. Of the proposed uremic factors, lower serum albumin levels but higher residual renal function and higher hematocrit values were significantly associated with the presence of CAD. Vascular comorbid conditions, structural cardiac abnormalities, white race, and geographic location were also strongly correlated with the presence of CAD. This national study suggests that several conventional CAD risk factors may also be risk factors for CAD among the ESRD population. This study identifies nonconventional factors such as serum albumin levels, vascular comorbid conditions, and structural cardiac abnormalities as important disease correlates. Future logitudinal studies are required to explore the relative importance of the relationships observed here.

Abstract 237: Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in Transgender Persons in The United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Malhotra ◽  
Hal A Skopicki ◽  
Smadar Kort ◽  
Noelle Mann ◽  
Puja Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Transgender Persons

Background: There is a paucity of data regarding prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and corresponding cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in transgender individuals. We sought to assess the prevalence of CV risk factors and CVD in transgender persons in the United States. Methods: The 2018 Centers for Disease Control’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey was utilized to identify a cohort of 1,038 transgender individuals in the United States. Presence of CVD was noted with a single affirmative response to the following questions: “Has a health care professional ever told you that you had any of the following:” (1) a heart attack or myocardial infarction, (2) angina or coronary heart disease, (3) a stroke? Results: Among the 1,038 transgender individuals studied, a total of 145 (14.0%) had CVD while 893 (86.0%) did not. No differences in prevalence of CVD was noted in transgender individuals who transitioned from male-to-female (n=387), female-to-male (n=400), and gender nonconforming status (n=251) (15.0% vs 13.8% vs 12.7%, p=0.72). Transgender individuals with CVD were older, had lower annual income, higher rates of smoking (28.4% vs 18.1%, p=0.004), and higher rates of multiple co-morbidities including asthma (26.6% vs 17.4%, p = 0.009), skin cancer (21.8% vs 5.0%, p <0.001), non-skin cancers (16.8% vs 6.8%, p <0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (27.5% vs 7.0%, p <0.001), arthritis (65.3% vs 28.7%, p<0.001), depressive disorder (42.7% vs 31.0%, p= 0.006), chronic kidney disease (16.2% vs 3.3%, p< 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (42.0% vs 12.7%, p <0.001). No significant differences in race, health insurance status, or body mass index was noted between transgender individuals with CVD versus those without. In multivariable analysis, independent predictors of CVD in transgender individuals included older age, diabetes mellitus [odds ratio (OR) 2.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.73 - 4.58], chronic kidney disease (OR 3.69, 95% CI 1.80 - 7.57), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.19 - 3.99), and depressive disorder (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.09 - 3.03). Conclusions: In this observational contemporary study, CVD was prevalent in 14% of transgender individuals in the United States. Predictors of CVD in the transgender population exist and transgender persons should be appropriately screened for CV risk factors so as to minimize their risk of CVD.

scholarly journals The Incidence and Risk Factors of Associated Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Acute Cerebral Ischemic (ACI) Events in the United States

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e105785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Seifi ◽  
Kevin Carr ◽  
Mitchell Maltenfort ◽  
Michael Moussouttas ◽  
Lee Birnbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic

scholarly journals Association of genetic and behavioral characteristics with the onset of diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen D. Ng ◽  
Jordan Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Genetic Endowment ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
Time Varying Covariates

Abstract Background Prior work has established sociodemographic, lifestyle, and behavioral risk factors for diabetes but the contribution of these factors to the onset of diabetes remains unclear when accounting for genetic propensity for diabetes. We examined the contribution of a diabetes polygenic score (PGS) to the onset of diabetes in the context of modifiable known risk factors for diabetes. Methods Our sample consisted of 15,190 respondents in the United States-based Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal study with up to 22 years of follow-up. We performed multivariate Cox regression models stratified by race (non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black) with time-varying covariates. Results We observed 4217 (27.76%) cases of incident diabetes over the survey period. The diabetes PGS was statistically significantly associated with diabetes onset for both non-Hispanic whites (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30, 1.46) and non-Hispanic blacks (HR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.06, 1.40) after adjusting for a range of known risk factors for diabetes, highlighting the critical role genetic endowment might play. Nevertheless, genetics do not downplay the role that modifiable characteristics could still play in diabetes management; even with the inclusion of the diabetes PGS, several behavioral and lifestyle characteristics remained significant for both race groups. Conclusions The effects of genetic and lifestyle characteristics should be taken into consideration for both future studies and diabetes management.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Lyme Disease: An Intersection of Environmental Ecology and Systems Science

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Sharareh ◽  
Rachael P. Behler ◽  
Amanda B. Roome ◽  
Julian Shepherd ◽  
Ralph M. Garruto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
The United States ◽  
System Level ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Risk Categories

Lyme disease (LD) cases have been on the rise throughout the United States, costing the healthcare system up to $1.3 billion per year, and making LD one of the greatest threats to public health. Factors influencing the number of LD cases range from environmental to system-level variables, but little is known about the influence of vegetation (canopy, understory, and ground cover) and human behavioral risk on LD cases and exposure to infected ticks. We determined the influence of various risk factors on the risk of exposure to infected ticks on 22 different walkways using multinomial logistic regression. The model classifies the walkways into high-risk and low-risk categories with 90% accuracy, in which the understory, human risk, and number of rodents are significant indicators. These factors should be managed to control the risk of transmission of LD to humans.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeongra Yang ◽  
Eileen R. Chasens ◽  
Susan M. Sereika ◽  
Lora E. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the presence of diabetes in a large population-level dataset. Methods A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a population-based survey (n = 403,137) conducted in the United States. Results The majority of the respondents were middle-aged and overweight. Approximately half of the sample reported little or no physical activity. Estimates from a logistic regression model for a weighted sample of white, black, and Hispanic adults revealed that having hypertension or elevated cholesterol was a strong predictor of diabetes even when controlling for age, gender, race, education, income, body mass index, smoking status, and physical activity. Conclusions The results confirmed the importance of diabetes educators counseling patients with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia about their increased risk for developing diabetes.

Trends in Health-Related Behavioral Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women in the United States: 2001–2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guixiang Zhao ◽  
Earl S. Ford ◽  
James Tsai ◽  
Chaoyang Li ◽  
Indu B. Ahluwalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Health Related
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