scholarly journals Ecological Civilization Demonstration Zone, Air Pollution Reduction, and Political Promotion Tournament in China: Empirical Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11880
Author(s):  
Haijie Wang ◽  
Yong Geng ◽  
Jingxue Zhang ◽  
Xiqiang Xia ◽  
Yanchao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Binary Logit ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Promotion Tournament

Using the ecological civilization demonstration zone as a quasi-natural experiment, this study has explored the effect of it on air pollution in China by employing the difference-in-differences model and the spatial difference-in-differences model, and further tested the political promotion tournament in China by employing the binary logit model. The results show that the ecological civilization demonstration zone has basically and effectively reduced air pollution, except for carbon monoxide and ozone. In addition, the spatial spillover effects of the ecological civilization demonstration zone on air pollution are not only basically supported among the treated cities, but also extremely established in the untreated cities neighboring the treated cities. Furthermore, no clear evidence supports the establishment of the political promotion tournament in China, while local cadres tend to cope with the assessment of higher officials passively rather than actively. Overall, this study sheds light on the coordination of economic development and ecological civilization from the perspective of the career concerns of local cadres.

scholarly journals Is a Regional Coordination Approach to Air Pollution Management Helpful? Evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuehui Zhang ◽  
Zhidong Tan ◽  
Bao-Guang Chang ◽  
Kam C. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Administrative Management ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Regional Coordination ◽  
Pollution Management ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
The Government

In February 2017 China began to require the regional coordination of four ministries and 28 cities surrounding Beijing to manage air pollution. The Coordination attempts to unify air pollution standards and implements various new methods to monitor air pollution. Leveraging the natural experiment and using a difference-in-differences research design, we note that firms located in the treatment cities invest more in the environment than those in the control cities. In addition, we find that non-state-owned firms (non-SOEs) respond more strongly than SOEs. The findings remain qualitatively the same after accounting for selection bias in the cities included in the Coordination. Most importantly, air quality improves for treatment cities after the implementation of the Coordination. Our findings offer lessons to other emerging markets for implementing their air pollution management programs. Specifically, we sharpen our knowledge of the administrative management needed to improve coordination among government agencies and local officials in the management of air pollution and suggest that the government can play an active role in enhancing air pollution management.

Increases in Birth Weight Associated With the 2008 Beijing Olympic Air Pollution Reduction: Results from a Natural Experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 4176
Author(s):  
David Q Rich ◽  
Jinliang Zhang ◽  
Sally Thurston ◽  
Timothy Stevens ◽  
Pan Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Pollution Reduction

scholarly journals Differences in Birth Weight Associated with the 2008 Beijing Olympics Air Pollution Reduction: Results from a Natural Experiment

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (9) ◽  
pp. 880-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Q. Rich ◽  
Kaibo Liu ◽  
Jinliang Zhang ◽  
Sally W. Thurston ◽  
Timothy P. Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Beijing Olympics ◽  
2008 Beijing Olympics

scholarly journals China’s Carbon Emissions and Trading Pilot, Political Connection, and Innovation Input of Publicly Listed Private Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6084
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Chunquan Yu ◽  
Shixiong Cheng ◽  
Jingyi Xu ◽  
Yuzhao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Private Firms ◽  
Political Connection ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Taking China’s carbon emissions and trading pilot (CCETP) as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper examines the impact of CCETP on publicly listed private firms’ innovation input and the moderating effect of the firms’ political connection based on the difference-in-differences model. The results show that CCETP has a significantly positive effect on the innovation input of Chinese publicly listed private firms. Moreover, the political connection of executives exhibits a positive moderating effect on CCETP’s impact on innovation input. Meanwhile, the effect is more significant in regions with high environmental protection investment and large publicly listed private firms. The conclusions could provide some policy enlightenment for China’s carbon market, as well as a rational adjustment of the relationship between political connection and innovation input of publicly listed private firms in the future.

scholarly journals The Welfare Consequences of Centralization: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in Switzerland

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Sarah Flèche
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Welfare Effects ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Political Decisions

Many countries are reallocating tasks and powers to more central levels of government. To identify centralization’s welfare effects, I use a difference-in-differences design that relies on time and cross-cantonal variation in the implementation of centralization reforms in Switzerland. I find that centralization provokes significant decreases in residents’ life satisfaction. I identify one mechanism driving the effect, namely the procedural disutility that individuals experience from having less influence over the formulation of political decisions. This effect is largest among individuals with higher expected benefits from being involved in the political decision process, with detrimental effects on local political participation.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF LUXURY HOUSING ON NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSING PRICES: AN APPLICATION OF THE SPATIAL DIFFERENCE-IN-DIFFERENCES METHOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 456-473
Author(s):  
Chih-Min Liang ◽  
Chun-Chang Lee ◽  
You-Hsin Lin ◽  
Zheng Yu ◽  
Wen-Chih Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Spatial Error ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study investigated the spatial spillover effects of luxury housing during and after construction, in regards to increases in housing prices in neighboring areas as well as the spatial dependence of neighboring housing. This study focused on already completed luxury housing in Taipei, Taiwan. First, the nearest-neighbor matching approach of propensity score matching was used to overcome the problem of data heterogeneity. The difference-in-differences (DD) method and spatial econometrics were used for analysis. The empirical results indicated that the spatial error model had the best goodness of fit. This indicated that housing prices increased by 13.0% during construction of luxury housing nearby. This indicated that housing prices increased by 5.8% after the construction of luxury housing nearby. The empirical results showed that the ongoing and completed construction of luxury housing had spillover effects on housing prices. The effect of ongoing construction of luxury housing was particularly large in scope, indicating its role as a predictor of psychological reaction in the market.

scholarly journals Is the High-Speed Rail Opening Environmentally Friendly? Taking the Difference-in-Differences Test in Jiangsu, China

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shijin Wang ◽  
Huiying Zhou ◽  
Guihong Hua
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Central City ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In view of rapid development of high-speed rail, the relationship between high-speed rail and air pollution needs to be tested and determined. Most research studies focused on the impact of high-speed rail on environmental pollution and just viewed high-speed rail as a control variable, which lacked a direct study on this relationship. Also, these rarely involved regional research, which is short of pertinence and insufficient understanding of regional issues. Therefore, based on the difference-in-differences (DID) model which is a natural experiment evaluation method, this study examined the impact of high-speed rail opening on air pollution by using the panel data of Jiangsu province, China, from the year of 2000 to 2017. The empirical results showed that the opening of Jiangsu high-speed rail, which increases cities’ good day significantly by 21.5%, has inhibitory effect on air pollution. Among control variables, there is no inverted “U” relationship between the economic development level and air pollution. Personal income and urbanization significantly improve air pollution, whereas foreign direct investment exacerbates it. And the results are still valid after robustness tests, including trend test and counterfactual test. Moreover, this study explores the relationship between the degree of reducing pollution caused by high-speed rail and the location of cities, which found that the opening of high-speed rail can greatly improve air pollution of areas in central city circle. Finally, it is found that when high-speed rail and other possible pollution items coexist, the improved effect of high-speed rail on air pollution is still obvious. Therefore, in order to exert the mitigating effect of high-speed rail on air pollution, it is necessary to rationally plan high-speed railway lines and develop the high-speed railways in cities closer to Shanghai.

Evaluation of the impact of public investment programs on social and economic performance of territories

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
I. E. Limonov ◽  
M. V. Nesena
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Modeling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Export Activity ◽  
Regional Investment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Institution

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public investment programs on the socio-economic development of territories. As a case, the federal target programs for the development of regions and investment programs of the financial development institution — Vnesheconombank, designed to solve the problems of regional development are considered. The impact of the public interventions were evaluated by the “difference in differences” method using Bayesian modeling. The results of the evaluation suggest the positive impact of federal target programs on the total factor productivity of regions and on innovation; and that regional investment programs of Vnesheconombank are improving the export activity. All of the investments considered are likely to have contributed to the reduction of unemployment, but their implementation has been accompanied by an increase in social inequality.

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