scholarly journals Transfer of Metal(loid)s from Soil to Leaves and Trunk Xylem Sap of Medicinal Plants and Possible Health Risk Assessment

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Ana C. Gomes Rosa ◽  
Elaine S. de Pádua Melo ◽  
Ademir S. A. Junior ◽  
Jacqueline M. S. Gondim ◽  
Alexsandro G. de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Agricultural Regions

The objective of the present study was to investigate metal(loid)s in soils, in the trunk xylem sap and in the leaves of the Dipteryx alata plant located near the highway with high vehicle traffic in agricultural regions and near landfills, and to assess the transfer of metal(loid)s from soil to plant and possible health risk assessment. Trunk xylem sap, leaves and soil samples were collected at three sites near the highway. The analysis of trace elements was carried out using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES). In the three soil sampling sites far from the highway edge, 15 elements were quantified. The concentrations of elements in the soil presented in greater proportions in the distance of 5 m in relation to 20 and 35 m. The metal(loid)s content in the study soil was higher than in other countries. The concentrations of Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, Se and Zn in the xylem sap were much higher than the leaves. The values of transfer factor of P, Mg and Mn from soil to the xylem sap and transfer factor of P from soil to leaf were greater than 1, indicating that the specie have a significant phytoremediation and phytoextraction potential. This plant has a tendency to accumulate As, Cd and Cr in its leaf tissues. The chronic hazard index (HI) values recorded in this study were above 1 for adults and adolescents. It is concluded that the soil, the trunk xylem sap and leaves of this plant are contaminated by heavy metals. Ingestion of the trunk xylem sap of this plant can cause toxicity in humans if ingested in large quantities and in the long term; therefore, its consumption should be avoided.

scholarly journals Chemical characteristics and health risk assessment of potential toxic elementsin atmospheric PM10 around Ashaka cement factory, Gombe, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Chukwuma Okoye ◽  
◽  
Chukwuma Okoye ◽  
Jonnie Asegbeloyin ◽  
Janefrances Ihedioha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Cement Factory ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Mass Concentrations

The study determined the ambient mass concentrations, chemical composition and health risks associated with PM10 around Ashaka cement factory, Gombe, Nigeria. The samples were collected for the period (2019-2020). A total of 60 PM10 samples were collected and analyzed for seventeen elements using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The data collected were analyzed for descriptive and inferential statistics. The health risk was analyzed for hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) and cancer risk (CR). The average annual PM10 mass concentrations were found to be higher than the annual limit value for air quality standards (40 μgm-3). The HI estimated were >1 for children, while CR values of Cd, Ni, As and Cr for children and Cr for adults were higher than the acceptable value 10-6, indicating children are more probable to develop cancer than adults.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chemical Parameters of Urban Drinking Water Quality along with Health Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Ardabil Province, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5179
Author(s):  
Reza Aghlmand ◽  
Saeed Rasi Nezami ◽  
Ali Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Region

In recent years, in addition to water resources’ quantity, their quality has also received much attention. In this study, the quality of the urban water distribution network in northwestern Iran was evaluated using the water quality index (WQI) method. Then, some important trace elements were investigated, and finally, the health risk assessment was evaluated for both carcinogenic elements (Ni, Cd, Cr, Pb, and As) and non-carcinogenic elements (Ca, Mg, Na, K, F, NO3, and Cu) using carcinogenic risk (CR) and hazard quotient (HQ), respectively. In the present study, the WQI was calculated based on both World Health Organization (WHO) and Iranian drinking water standards. Comparing the results of these standards revealed that the WQI based on the Iranian standard was slightly higher. Regarding the calculated WQI for the study region, the status of water quality for drinking consumption is in the good water quality class (25 < WQI < 50). It was observed that Cu and Cd have the highest and lowest concentrations in all sampling points, respectively. Hazard Index (HI) results showed that the non-carcinogenic substances studied had a low risk for both adults and children (<1.0). However, the CR results showed that Ni, Cd, and As were above the desired level for both children and adults. The results of this study can be applied for efficient water management and human health protection programs in the study area.

scholarly journals Dataset for effect comparison of irrigation by wastewater and ground water on amount of heavy metals in soil and vegetables: Accumulation, transfer factor and health risk assessment

Data in Brief ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1702-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elhameh Cheshmazar ◽  
Hossein Arfaeinia ◽  
Kamaladdin Karimyan ◽  
Hooshmand Sharafi ◽  
Seyed Enayat Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Transfer Factor

A Fuzzy Modeling Approach for Human Health Risk Assessment of Organic Contamination in Groundwater

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
Sheng Lin Tan ◽  
Shuai Guan ◽  
Zu Fa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Arithmetic Operation ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Organic Contamination

This study was performed to develop a fuzzy model for human health risk assessment of organic contamination of groundwater to quantify the uncertainties inherent in risk assessment processes. The fuzzy model was constructed based on the fuzzy set theory and traditional risk assessment approach. Triangular fuzzy number was used to describe the variability of parameters associated with traditional risk assessment and α-cut sets was taken to transform fuzzy numbers to intervals that can be fairly taken into arithmetic operation of lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and hazard index (HI) which respectively denotes the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks. Considering the exposure routes of drinking and showering, the developed fuzzy model yields risks at different memberships as well as the expectation of risks. The model was applied to a site in China with organics-contaminated groundwater. It was found that tetrachloroethylene (PCE) posed the most risks, followed by trichloroethylene (TCE), while carbon tetrachloride (CT) posed the smallest. Results also showed drinking, compared with showering, is the major exposure route and boiling is important for reducing health risks of groundwater.

scholarly journals Heavy metal contamination in soils and vegetables and health risk assessment of inhabitants in Daye, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 3374-3387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Silu Ma ◽  
Jingcheng Zhou ◽  
Yongwei Song ◽  
Fei Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Reference Area ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
The Mean

Objective This study was performed to evaluate the state of heavy metal contamination in soil and vegetables and assess the health risk of inhabitants in the mine-affected area and area far from the mine (reference area) in Daye, China. Methods The heavy metal concentrations in soil and vegetable samples were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Residents’ exposure parameters were obtained through a questionnaire survey. A health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency was used to evaluate the residents’ risk of oral exposure. Results The copper, lead, cadmium, and arsenic concentrations in soil and in vegetables were higher in the mine-affected area than in the reference area. The health risk of residents in the reference area was within the acceptable range (hazard index < 1, carcinogen risk < 10−4). In the contaminated area, however, the mean hazard index was 2.25 for children and 3.00 for adults, and the mean carcinogen risk was 4.749 × 10−4 for children and 0.587 × 10−4 for adults. Conclusions Potential health risks exist for inhabitants near the mine area. Cadmium and arsenic should be paid more attention as risk sources.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Onion Bulbs Cultivated in Katsina State, North West Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
A.I. Yaradua ◽  
A. J. Alhassan ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
S. S. Matazu ◽  
A. Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
North West

Vegetable fields in Katsina State are increasingly being loaded with heavy metals through various pollution sources such as agricultural activities mining and traffic. Onion bulb samples from the three senatorial zones that constitute to make up Katsina state in the North West of Nigeria were collected and the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn and Ni) in all the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The health risk assessment methods developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) were employed to explore the potential health hazards of heavy metals in the samples on the children and adult population. The highest mean concentration (mg/kg) was observed for Fe, followed by Pb, Zn and Mn. While Cd has the lowest concentration with the heavy metals Cr and Ni being below detection level (BDL). Overall hazard index (Hi) for the heavy metals were within the safety limit. The overall cancer risk to the adults based on pseudo-total metal concentrations exceeded the target value, mainly contributed by Pb.  Mn and Zn were the primary heavy metals posing non-cancer risks while Pb caused the greatest cancer risk. It was concluded that consumption of the onion samples from Katsina State may contribute to the population cancer burden.

scholarly journals Preliminary Health Risk Assessment in Relation to Some Trace Elements in Ogunpa River, South-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A Omotoso
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Average Value

Ogunpa River receives municipal and industrial waste discharge from its catchments and these have depleted the quality of the water. Hence, this research examines the preliminary environmental impacts and health implications of some trace elements in the water using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) laboratory technique. Average values of Al, Ba, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb are above the recommended limits of WHO. The CF showed that the trace elements varied from considerable contamination factor to very high contamination factor and the degree of contamination varied from 1023 to 11640. The hazard quotient computed for the adults is generally less than unity except Pb that has average value of 1.27. In children, the computed hazard quotient on the average ranges from 0.000572 to 4.04. Al, As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd have their average values less than unity respectively, while Fe, Mn and Pb has their average values greater than one. The Hazard Index (HI) in adults and children are greater than one. Carcinogenic risk assessment was computed for Cr, Pb and Cd which was greater than 10-6 in children and adult. Only Cd in adult was less than the prescribed limit of 10-6. Effort should be made to checkmate indiscriminate dumping of refuse and sewages into the water body as these could serve as pollutants to other adjourning rivers and main water bodies. In conclusion, the water is not fit for domestic, agricultural and probably industrial uses because of its health implications on consumption

scholarly journals Health risk assessment by trace elements in an aquatic system in midwestern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e398101019037
Author(s):  
Raylane Pereira Gomes ◽  
Thais Reis Oliveira ◽  
Aline Rodrigues Gama ◽  
Fernando Santos Lima ◽  
José Daniel Gonçalves Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Daily Dose

Water is an important asset for the maintenance of life and socioeconomic development. Aquatic environments have been anthropized, receiving a large polluting load, mainly from trace elements.This study investigates the occurrence of health risks caused by 15 trace elements in the surface water of João Leite stream. Health risk indices were evaluated as average daily dose (ADD), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index and carcinogenic risk. The risk analysis to human health of the stream João Leite water, indicated that the ADDingestion for the adults had the highest for Fe 1.86E-00 µg/kg/day and lower value for Be 8.0E-05 µg/kg/day. On the other hand, of ADDdermal the highest value was for Fe 5.02E-02 µg/kg/day and, the smallest for Sb 1.54E-05 µg/kg/day. For children to ADDingestion obtained was obtained the highest Fe value 2.60E-00 µg/kg/day and smaller for Be 1.12E-04 µg/kg/day. For ADDdermal the highest value was for Fe 8.58E-02 µg/kg/day and smaller for Sb 2.64E-05 µg/kg/day. HQ for adults ranged from 1.61E-05 to 2.97E-01 for HQingestion and 7.71E-06 to 1.01E-01 for HQdermal. For children 2.25E-05 to 3.74E-01 for HQingestion and 1.32E-05 to 1.73E-01 for HQdermal. The health risk assessment showed that for children, the trace elements present in water have a potentially adverse effect on non-carcinogenic health. The carcinogenic risks were unacceptable for both children and adults. Thus, it is recommended that the use of these waters be limited and that measures be taken to minimize pollution by trace elements.

scholarly journals Human health risk assessment of airborne metals to a potentially exposed community: a screening exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Oosthuizen ◽  
CY Wright ◽  
M Matooane ◽  
N Phala
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Monitoring Site ◽  
Us Epa

Exposure to high concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM) is a known human health risk, depending on the chemical composition of the PM inhaled. Mogale City (Gauteng) is known for having several sources of airborne PM, however, less is known about the metals in the airborne PM. The aim of this study was to determine the metals in measured PM at Kagiso, Mogale City. An independent PM10 monitor was installed at the municipality’s existing monitoring site. This monitor continuously monitored PM10 between 23 August and 9 October 2013 and simultaneously sampled particles below 20 μm in diameter onto a glass fibre filter. This filter was replaced once towards the middle of the monitoring period. These two filters were chemically analysed to determine their metal content (30 metals) by the South African Bureau of Standards accredited laboratory at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research by means of Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy (ICPS) based on the US EPA Method IO-3.1. To provide an estimate of possible health risk, the metal concentrations were used in a screening US-EPA human health risk assessment (HHRA). Since the analysed metals were reportedly below the detection limit, three hypothetical exposure scenarios (S) based on US-EPA recommendations were created for the HHRA. In S1, concentrations were considered to be the same as the detection limit for each metal; S2 assumed concentrations to be 50% of the detection limit; and S3 put concentrations at 10% of the detection limit. Potential risks (should pollution worsen) of developing respiratory and neurological effects were identified depending on the hypothetical scenarios. Continuous long-term monitoring and chemical characterisation are necessary to confirm these preliminary findings.

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