scholarly journals Traditional Communities and Mental Maps: Dialogues between Local Knowledge and Cartography from the Socioenvironmental Atlas of Lençóis Maranhenses, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
Benedito Souza Filho ◽  
Reinaldo Paul Pérez Machado ◽  
Kumiko Murasugi ◽  
Ulisses Denache Vieira Souza
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
National Park ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Economic Diversity ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Traditional Communities

The Lençóis Maranhenses region, located in the state of Maranhão in northeastern Brazil, constitutes an area that includes a national park and presents extreme physical, geographic and climatic contrasts in addition to economic diversity and emerging tourism. Scattered throughout this portion of the Brazilian territory are local inhabitants whose traditional lifestyles are characterized by agricultural, extractive, fishing and animal husbandry activities. These local residents use guidance systems and mental maps developed through their long history, interaction with nature, and knowledge of the environment in which they live and work. Based on sketches prepared by residents and by Health Agents serving the communities, and with the support of cartographic-based materials produced by the team of the Socioenvironmental Atlas of Lençóis Maranhenses (ASALM, Portuguese abbreviation for Socioenvironmental Atlas of Lençóis Maranhenses), we present a set of digital and interactive cartographic materials that reproduce the movements, uses and practices of the families of these communities as well as the environmental dynamics of this vast region. Such cartography can serve as an instrument of planning, understanding and action, both to safeguard the rights of the local residents and for the handling and management of natural resources. Based on the dialogue between local knowledge and cartography, we present the methods, processes and results of our research project.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI KEARIFAN LOKAL DENGAN SIKAP KONSERVASI MASYARAKAT DESA LENCOH KECAMATAN SELO DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG MERAPI

Biosfer ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Ernawati Ernawati ◽  
Eka Putri Azrai ◽  
Sri Supardi Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
National Park ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
Village People

Local wisdom refers to ideas and local knowledge which are wise, full of wisdom, good and virtuous beliefs that made, owned, also carried out by local people in that area. People of Lencoh village are applying local wisdom filled with Javanese culture in order to interact with the environment and use natural resources. This study aims to determine the correlation between perception of local wisdom and conservation attitude of Lencoh village people in Mount Merapi National Park. The study was conducted in Lencoh village, Selo sub-district in January 2016. The method used is the descriptive methods with correlational study. There are 95 respondents from the three hamlets. The data is using questionnaires and interviews. The results showed 56,84% and 43,16% of respondents have a enough and high local wisdom perception, and 8,42% and 91,58% of respondents have a enough and good conservation attitude. Hypothesis is tested using simple linear regression analysis, obtained Y = 47.262 + 0.703X and Pearson Product Moment Correlation test at α = 0.01, obtained rxy = 0.678 indicates a strong correlation between local wisdom perception and conservation attitude of a Lencoh village people. The results of this research prove there is a positive correlation between local wisdom perception and conservation attitude of Lencoh village people on Mount Merapi National Park.

Local Communities and Protected Areas: Attitudes of Rural Residents Towards Conservation and Machalilla National Park, Ecuador

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elba A. Fiallo ◽  
Susan K. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Parks And Protected Areas

Economic and social problems facing many developing countries jeopardize the effectiveness and very existence of their national parks and protected areas. Rural poverty exacerbates the need for access to natural resources in protected areas and increases public conflict with protected-area management. A prerequisite for the long-term sustainability of parks and protected areas is public involvement and support for the conservation of natural resources.Towards the above ends, the present study analyses local residents' attitudes, knowledge, and concept of values concerning conservation and the management of natural resources in Machalilla National Park, Ecuador. A survey was administered of 90 households in three villages located within the Park boundaries and two villages adjacent to the Park. Survey results indicated that local residents living either within or adjacent to Machalilla National Park hold a variety of negative attitudes towards the Park. Positive attitudes tended to increase with respondents' level of education (X2 = 19.001, df = 2, p < 0.0001) and knowledge about conservation issues (X2 = 26.616, df = 1, p < 0.0001). Younger residents (X2 = 12.960, df = 2, p = 0.002), respondents perceiving benefits from the Park (X2 = 14.292, df = 2, p = 0.001), and respondents reporting good relations with the Park staff (X2 = 5.514, df = 1, p = 0.019), were more positive towards the Park. Factors influencing public attitudes are compared with study results in other countries.

Kejahatan Politik Dalam Pembangunan Dalam Kebijakan Pembangunan Industri Kehutanan dan Perkebunan Di Provinsi Riau

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-89
Author(s):  
Sobri Sobri
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Development Program ◽  
New Order ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Structural Poverty ◽  
Community Access ◽  
Traditional Communities

State development policies since the New Order era oriented towards rapid economic growth (capitalist paradigm) in an effort to increase the country's foreign exchange as development capital through the development program of indusrialisasi the plantation and forestry sector in Indonesia, especially in Riau province, has led to the widespread conversion of land functions and the occurrence of practices monopoly over natural resources by corporations. In line with the increasingly widespread industrial estate of oil palm plantations and industrial plantations in Riau Province development policies take place unfairly for the local communities, these policies have weakened traditional community access to access to natural resources , loss of natural economic resources of traditional communities (subsistence) and the occurrence of marginal situations socially, economically and culturally, for traditional communities who live in the villages in the province of Riau The manifestation of social, economic, cultural injustice and the process of marginalization, seizure of customary communal land, widespread structural poverty in the villages where local residents reside in Riau Province indicate that the policy of industrialization development in the plantation and forestry sector in Riau province contains dimensic violence and crime.

scholarly journals PROTECTED AREAS AND THEIR MULTIPLE TERRITORIALITIES - A SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL REFLECTION ON CATIMBAU NATIONAL PARK - BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-260
Author(s):  
CÉLIA CRISTINA CLEMENTE MACHADO ◽  
CLÁUDIO UBIRATAN GONÇALVES ◽  
MANOEL BANDEIRA DE ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
EUGÊNIA C. PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
21St Century ◽  
National Park ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Human Face ◽  
The Social ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
Traditional Communities

Abstract In the 1970s, the social impacts of protected areas (PAs) began to be widely recognized as conservationist thinking and human rights evolved to an acceptance that conservation can be achieved in collaboration with traditional communities. However, such a 'human face' given to conservation is still not present in some 21st century PAs: Catimbau National Park - CNP (Northeast Brazil) is a strict protection park which does not allow people residing inside its borders. Thirteen years after its creation, people are still confused about the monetary compensations and displacements strategies. In this study, a review of the bibliography concerning the CNP is performed and a proposal is made to change the current park classification from National Park to Natural Monument, allowing for private areas and their residents, providing that their use of its natural resources is compatible with the conservation objectives stipulated.

Chemical evaluation and microbiological assays of medicinal plants used in traditional communities in northeastern Brazil

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
JP Ferreira-Neto ◽  
RJSA Padilha ◽  
ERB Santana ◽  
DN Gomes ◽  
KXFR Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Chemical Evaluation ◽  
Microbiological Assays ◽  
Traditional Communities

SOCIO-TERRITORIAL ASPECTS OF FARM DEVELOPMENT IN FERGANA REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Akmal Marazikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Sense Of Ownership

The Fergana Valley is a region rich in various natural resources, where agriculture, animal husbandry, horticulture and other industries flourished. During the years of independence, the productivity of farmers has increased due to the growing sense of ownership of their products, and on this basis, the desire to use the available land more efficiently from year to year. This was naturally due to the fact that the population had a deep understanding of the farming culture and experience. The possibility of exporting the crops grown during the reforms in Fergana region to neighboring countries also became a continuation of the reforms

scholarly journals Local knowledge as a tool for prospecting wild food plants: experiences in northeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Muniz de Medeiros ◽  
Gabriela Maria Cota dos Santos ◽  
Déborah Monteiro Barbosa ◽  
Laílson César Andrade Gomes ◽  
Élida Monique da Costa Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Wild Food ◽  
Wild Food Plants ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium

AbstractThis study aims to provide a simple framework to identify wild food plants with potential for popularization based on local knowledge and perception. To this end, we also characterized the distribution of this knowledge in the socio-ecological system. We developed the study in the rural settlement Dom Hélder Câmara in northeastern Brazil. The species with the greatest potential for popularization considering the attributes accessed from local knowledge and perception were Psidium guineense Sw., Genipa americana L., Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott and Dioscorea trifida L.f. However, the high variation in local knowledge on wild food plants suggests that species that are not frequently cited can also be promising. The absence of age or gender-related knowledge patterns indicates that studies for prospecting wild food plants in similar socioecological contexts need to reach the population as a whole, rather than focusing on a specific group.

Constraints on socio-buffering around the Mantadia National Park in Madagascar

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Shyamsundar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Stake Holder ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Integrated Conservation ◽  
Integrated Conservation And Development ◽  
Conservation And Development Projects

SummaryIntegrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs) involve the establishment of parks and reserves with protective or buffer zones around them. Socio-buffering provides local residents with alternatives to traditional land-use activities, but the actual implementation of socio-buffering programmes is difficult.Socio-economic requirements and constraints to socio-buffering were assessed for the Mantadia National Park in eastern Madagascar based on five criteria. Previously unused lands for compensating people for loss of access to areas within the park were found to be insufficient. While there existed institutions and programmes for developing substitute land-use activities, successful adoption of these activities was crucially dependent on their economic viability. Socio-buffering activities need to not only provide goods that are substitutes for goods that are traditionally consumed, but they also need to be at least as profitable as traditional economic efforts. Also, if land and labour are not a constraint to agricultural expansion, socio-buffering activities can themselves result in increased deforestation. Finally, the long-term effectiveness of socio-buffering was likely to be dependent on the satisfaction of a number of stake-holder interests, and on explicit linkages developed between socio-buffering activities and conservation.

scholarly journals Amazonía: cambio de la comprensión de la territorialidad al interior del territorio waorani (Los derechos indígenas)/ Amazon: change of the understanding of the territoriality to the interior of the waorani territory (indigenous rights)

2017 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Iván Tarcicio Narváez Quiñónez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
National Park ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Frontier ◽  
Cultural Integrity ◽  
Yasuni National Park ◽  
Indigenous Territories ◽  
Negative Impacts

La colonización dirigida, espontánea y estratégica, además de la permanente ampliación de la frontera agrícola para la extracción de recursos naturales, han determinado el uso y zonificación del espacio amazónico en los últimos 50 años. Las drásticas huellas socio-económicos, culturales y ambientales generadas por estos procesos han impactado negativamente la vida de los pueblos ancestrales y la naturaleza. Una consecuencia drástica es el cambio de la comprensión de la territorialidad en el interior de los territorios indígenas, y de la percepción que de aquel cambio tienen el Estado y los actores asentados en el entorno territorial comunitario. El presente estudio aborda el caso del pueblo waorani e inquiere cómo la ampliación de la frontera extractiva intensificaría los impactos negativos del proceso de desterritorialización en el Parque Nacional Yasuní, poniendo en mayor riesgo la integridad física y cultural de los de los pueblos que viven en aislamiento voluntario: Tagaeri y Oñamenane u otros de los cuales no se tiene referencia.   Abstract Targeted, spontaneous and strategic colonization, in addition to the permanent expansion of the agricultural frontier for the extraction of natural resources, has determined the use and zoning of the Amazonian space in the las 50 years. The drastic socioeconomic, cultural and environmental impacts generated by these processes have impated negatively the life of the ancestral peoples and nature. A drastic consequence is the change of the understanding of the territoriality in the interior of the indigenous territories, and the perception that the state and the actors settled in the community territorial environment have of that change. This study addresses the case of the Waorani people and inquires how the expansion of the extractive frontier would intensify the negative impacts of the process of decentralization in the Yasuní National Park, putting at greater risk the physical and cultural integrity of the peoples living in voluntary isolation: Tagaeri and Onamenane or others of which there is no reference.

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