scholarly journals GIS-Based Statistical Analysis of Detecting Fear of Crime with Digital Sketch Maps: A Hungarian Multicity Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ákos Jakobi ◽  
Andrea Pődör
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Crime Statistics ◽  
Grid Data ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Sketch Maps ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
Official Crime

This study evaluates fear of crime perception and official crime statistics in a spatial context, by applying digital sketch maps and statistical GIS methods. The study aims to determine explanatory motives of fear of crime by comparing results of selected large, medium and small sized Hungarian cities. Fear of crime information of residents were collected by using a web application, which gave the possibility to mark regions on a map, where respondents have a sense of safety or feel fear. These digital sketch maps were processed by GIS tools, and were converted to grid data, in order to calculate comparable explanatory variables for fear of crime analysis. The grid-based normalised model reflected some similarities and differences between the observed cities. According to the outcomes, examples were found both in coincidences and opposite correlations of crime statistics and perception of unsafe places, highlighting the importance of locality in fear of crime research. Additionally, the results mirrored that the size of the city or the respondent’s sex does not significantly influence the overall judgment of places, rather the absolute number of safe markings and the local number of registered crime events could affect local results.

scholarly journals Digital sketch maps in teaching GIS for law enforcement students

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pődör ◽  
László Zentai ◽  
Erika Gál
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Sketch Maps ◽  
Law Enforcement Students

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This paper presents a project-based learning method designed by teachers of GIS for students in public order. The aim of the method is to utilize GIS technologies for analysing digital sketch maps made after interviewing people by students. This method gives a hands-on experience of the students about the subjective feelings of the citizens of the examined settlements. For the projects, a paper-based survey and a web application in the form of digital sketch maps were used.</p><p>The article shows the process of projects used in the studies of public order. The methods applied in the phase of planning, processing and visualising of the data are explained in the case of digital sketch maps and of paper-based surveys. Some general findings of the project are also introduced as well as the students’ opinion of the effectiveness of the projects.</p><p>General findings show that the results of the students correlate with observations found in the literature. It is evident that more informatics the students acquire during their everyday routine, the more useful and beneficial they find the usage of Geographical Information Systems and the project of using digital sketch maps of fear of crime in different cities.</p>

scholarly journals Measuring Walkability with GIS—Methods Overview and New Approach Proposal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1883
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Telega ◽  
Ivan Telega ◽  
Agnieszka Bieda
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Single Family ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Parks And Recreation ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Pedestrian Infrastructure ◽  
Gis Methods

Cities occupy only about 3% of the Earth’s surface area, but half of the global population lives in them. The high population density in urban areas requires special actions to make these areas develop sustainably. One of the greatest challenges of the modern world is to organize urban spaces in a way to make them attractive, safe and friendly to people living in cities. This can be managed with the help of a number of indicators, one of which is walkability. Of course, the most complete analyses are based on spatial data, and the easiest way to implement them is using GIS tools. Therefore, the goal of the paper is to present a new approach for measuring walkability, which is based on density maps of specific urban functions and networks of generally accessible pavements and paths. The method is implemented using open-source data. Density values are interpolated from point data (urban objects featuring specific functions) and polygons (pedestrian infrastructure) using Kernel Density and Line Density tools in GIS. The obtained values allow the calculation of a synthetic indicator taking into account the access by means of pedestrian infrastructure to public transport stops, parks and recreation areas, various attractions, shops and services. The proposed method was applied to calculate the walkability for Kraków (the second largest city in Poland). The greatest value of walkability was obtained for the Main Square (central part of the Old Town). The least accessible to pedestrians are, on the other hand, areas located on the outskirts of the city, which are intended for extensive industrial areas, single-family housing or large green areas.

scholarly journals Nanoparticle Number Concentration in the Air in Relation to the Time of the Year and Time of the Day

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Jáchym Brzezina ◽  
Klaudia Köbölová ◽  
Vladimír Adamec
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Suspended Particle ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

The paper analyzes suspended particles number concentrations of 61 size fractions (184 nm to 17,165 nm) in the air at a traffic location. The average course of the individual fractions was analyzed at various intervals – daily, weekly, monthly and annually, in the period between 2017 and 2019. The data was then used to calculate the arithmetic mean for all the fractions (MS Excel, R) and then using a proprietary web application, heatmaps were constructed. The obtained results showed significant differences in both the annual and daily variation of number concentrations between the individual fractions differing in particle size. In the case of the annual variation, one can see a greater variability of smaller particles, which is most likely due to the source of the actual suspended particles. Meteorological and dispersion conditions are found as important factors for suspended particle concentrations. These can lead to significant differences from year to year. However, a comparison between 2018 and 2019 showed that even though the average absolute number concentrations can differ between years, the actual relative number concentrations, i.e., the ratios between the individual fractions remain very similar. In conclusion it can be said that the difference between the number concentration variation of the size fractions depends on both the actual pollution sources (especially in the long-term, i.e., the annual variation) and the actual size of the particles, which plays a role especially in the short-term (daily, weekly variation).

Simplified Estimation of Demand for Nonmotorized Trails Using Geographic Information Systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 1636 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Wigan ◽  
Anthony J. Richardson ◽  
Paris Brunton
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Destination Area ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
Demand Patterns

Estimating off-road trail usage by nonmotorized modes is of increasing interest to the transportation community due to the rising importance of both recreational and nonmotorized travel. Demand patterns for two substantial off-road trails in Melbourne, Australia, were examined using survey and modeling methods to establish the potential for higher levels of demand. The two trails were different in two major respects: one was well promoted, well connected, and a destination in its own right; the other had similar potential, but the linkages and promotional activity to market its assets had not yet been undertaken. The characteristics of these two markets were examined using geographic information systems (GIS) methods and demand estimated on a differential basis using GIS tools. The simple method adopted highlighted the critical nature of marketing a connected series of off-road trails as a single unified route and an easily recognized destination area. The study had to be done using existing data, and it provides a means of combining transportation, GIS, and special-purpose off-road trail usage information to estimate potential demand.

scholarly journals Analysis of the relationships between the spatial arrangement of palaeovalleys and contemporary valleys of Central Poland in the light of GIS methods

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Szmidt
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Major River ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
River Valleys

The article presents an example of application of selected GIS methods for showing connections between the course of palaeovalleys and contemporary valleys in Central Poland. The analysed area was shaped in the conditions of environment as early as the Palaeogene and Neogene, but the greatest impact on the present-day landscape came from the morphogenetic processes which operated in the Quaternary.Palaeogeographic studies of the analysed area often point to the possible dependencies between the contemporary landscape and its substrate, particularly as regards the valley system. In order to verify this hypothesis, on the basis of archival cartographic materials and a Digital Elevation Model of the current terrain, a procedure for conducting analyses with the use of commonly available GIS tools was proposed. Results of the conducted analysis allow for stating that the major river valleys of Central Poland in large part correspond to the arrangement of the fossil valley system, and the relationships are most easily noticeable for the largest valleys.

scholarly journals HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL METHOD AND GIS TOOLS WITH A WEB APPLICATION TO ASSESS A SEMI-NATURAL URBANISED RIVER

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Dawid Bedla ◽  
Wiktor Halecki ◽  
Karol Król
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Web Application ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Habitat Modification ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Gis Tools

River valleys are an essential element of urban space, and play an important role in the functioning of the natural environment and the recreation of city dwellers. Moreover, blue-green infrastructure facilitates healthy urban living. New technologies can contribute significantly to dissemination of messages of environmental protection. We discuss adaptation of the RHS method for presenting interactive data for river channels. Our assessment was focused on three parameters: habitat area, structure and conservation. The main parameters were described using selected indicators linked to natural and anthropogenic factors. The habitat modification score showed that the physical state of the Drwinka River was obviously modified, and the habitat quality assessment rated the stream as hydromorphological class III. The web application showed that the proposed method is suitable for creating realistic visual effects, and indicates greening areas against degraded areas.

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