scholarly journals Digital sketch maps in teaching GIS for law enforcement students

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pődör ◽  
László Zentai ◽  
Erika Gál
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Sketch Maps ◽  
Law Enforcement Students

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This paper presents a project-based learning method designed by teachers of GIS for students in public order. The aim of the method is to utilize GIS technologies for analysing digital sketch maps made after interviewing people by students. This method gives a hands-on experience of the students about the subjective feelings of the citizens of the examined settlements. For the projects, a paper-based survey and a web application in the form of digital sketch maps were used.</p><p>The article shows the process of projects used in the studies of public order. The methods applied in the phase of planning, processing and visualising of the data are explained in the case of digital sketch maps and of paper-based surveys. Some general findings of the project are also introduced as well as the students’ opinion of the effectiveness of the projects.</p><p>General findings show that the results of the students correlate with observations found in the literature. It is evident that more informatics the students acquire during their everyday routine, the more useful and beneficial they find the usage of Geographical Information Systems and the project of using digital sketch maps of fear of crime in different cities.</p>

scholarly journals Information and analytical support for the detection and investigation of crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Olga Borisovna Dronova ◽  
Aleksey Aleksandrovich Kurin ◽  
Anna Pavlovna Alekseeva ◽  
Dmitriy Nikolaevich Sidorenko ◽  
Svetlana Dmitrievna Guseva
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Strategic Resources ◽  
Criminal Groups

The effectiveness of law enforcement agencies is constantly monitored by the public, and its indicator is the safety of citizens, the ability to exercise their rights and freedoms. One of the strategic resources of the life of modern society is various information. Computer networks, geographical information systems, means of tactical forecasting of crimes, numerous integrated databases are already widely applied in the activities of the law enforcement agencies. Despite this, the main information resource for forensic purposes represented by the information arrays of the forensic registration system still remains a repository of heterogeneous data, the collective use of which causes significant organizational and technical difficulties. Information and analytical support for the disclosure and investigation of crimes is aimed at obtaining an analytical information product about the structure, hierarchy, and composition of criminal groups, about the commodity and cash flows and relations of individuals and legal entities, about their joint criminal activities, about the unidentified circumstances of the events of the crime to be proven. The implementation of cumulative inspections of objects and traces on various information arrays helps to establish the missing information about the crime event.

scholarly journals An Approach to Decompose and Evaluate a Complex GIS-Application Design to a Simple, Lightweight, User-Centered App-Based Design Using User Experience Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
David Kammerhofer ◽  
Johannes Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Application ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Discussion Panel

Working with contemporary, monolithic desktop Geographical Information Systems can be laborious and confusing, especially for non-experts. An alternative for a more user friendly approach to spatial data edition and spatial analysis may be an “app-based” web application that is offering single tasks for the user—“micro applications”. In this paper, a method for determining such “micro applications” based on user stories is presented and applied to a specific use case—the case is centered around an Austrian Governmental Institution that digitizes and edits infrastructure data. The results of this process are implemented in an app-based web application. To measure the impacts of the app-based approach, we evaluate the user experience of the app-based approach in comparison to a desktop Geographical Information System offering the same functionality. For the measurement of the user experience, we used a focus group. The group had to accomplish tasks with the desktop Geographical Information System and with the app-based web application. To measure their user experience, we employed the tool AttrakDiff. The app-based web application achieves significantly better results in terms of user experience. This result is confirmed in a discussion panel carried out afterwards. Test persons responded that positive aspects of the app-based web application were the easy and intuitive handling and reduced user interface that helps the users to focus on their tasks without any distraction.

scholarly journals GIS-Based Statistical Analysis of Detecting Fear of Crime with Digital Sketch Maps: A Hungarian Multicity Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ákos Jakobi ◽  
Andrea Pődör
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Crime Statistics ◽  
Grid Data ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Sketch Maps ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
Official Crime

This study evaluates fear of crime perception and official crime statistics in a spatial context, by applying digital sketch maps and statistical GIS methods. The study aims to determine explanatory motives of fear of crime by comparing results of selected large, medium and small sized Hungarian cities. Fear of crime information of residents were collected by using a web application, which gave the possibility to mark regions on a map, where respondents have a sense of safety or feel fear. These digital sketch maps were processed by GIS tools, and were converted to grid data, in order to calculate comparable explanatory variables for fear of crime analysis. The grid-based normalised model reflected some similarities and differences between the observed cities. According to the outcomes, examples were found both in coincidences and opposite correlations of crime statistics and perception of unsafe places, highlighting the importance of locality in fear of crime research. Additionally, the results mirrored that the size of the city or the respondent’s sex does not significantly influence the overall judgment of places, rather the absolute number of safe markings and the local number of registered crime events could affect local results.

scholarly journals Bike-sharing system in Poznan – what will Web API data tell us?

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Michał Dzięcielski ◽  
Adam Radzimski ◽  
Marcin Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Programming Interface

Bike-sharing systems, also known as public bicycles, are among the most dynamically developing mobility solutions in contemporary cities. In the past decade, numerous Polish cities hoping to increase the modal share of cycling have also adopted bike-sharing. Such systems continuously register user movements through installed sensors. The resulting database allows a highly detailed representation of this segment of urban mobility. This article illustrates how a database accessed via a Web API (Web Application Programming Interface) could be used to investigate the spatial distribution of trips, using the case study of Poznań, the fifth-largest city in Poland. Using geographical information systems, we identify the hot spots of bike-sharing as well as areas with low usage. The research procedure outlined in the paper provides knowledge that allows better responding to users’ needs.

scholarly journals The impact of fear on young people’s mobility

2021 ◽  
pp. 147737082110132
Author(s):  
Vania Ceccato ◽  
Linda Langefors ◽  
Per Näsman
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

This study makes use of a dataset recently collected among young people in Stockholm, Sweden ( N = 1122), to investigate the impact of fear on young people’s mobility and precautionary behaviour, after controlling for previous victimization as well as situational characteristics of daily trips. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and logistic regression models underlie the methodology of the study. Previous victimization, especially for sexual crimes, triggers precautionary behaviour among young people using trains and the metro. Signs of poorly maintained transit environments also affect young riders’ mobility patterns, as they state that they avoid particular stations or routes at particular times. Informed by principles of environmental criminology and the theory of fear of crime, the implications of the findings for both theory and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Crime mapping and Geographical Information Systems in crime analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uğur Argun ◽  
Murat Dağlar
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Crime Analysis ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Crime Mapping ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Police Agencies

As essential apparatus in crime analysis, crime mapping and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are being progressively more accepted by police agencies. Development in technology and the accessibility of geographic data sources make it feasible for police departments to use GIS and crime mapping. GIS and crime mapping can be utilized as devices to discover reasons contributing to crime, and hence let law enforcement agencies proactively take action against the crime problems before they become challenging. The purpose of this study is to conduct a literature review of Geographical Information System and Crime Mapping in Crime Analysis and to propose policy recommendations regarding to implementation of crime mapping and GIS. To achieve this purpose, first a historical evaluation of GIS and crime mapping will be rendered and then the importance of place will be explained in terms of assessing crime problems accurately.

Assessment of land-use change in coastal areas through geographical information systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Karla Teresa González-Figueroa ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Jesús Montoya-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Computer Based

Objective: This article describes and analyzes the main concepts of coastal ecosystems, these as a result of research concerning land-use change assessments in coastal areas. Design/Methodology/Approach: Scientific articles were searched using keywords in English and Spanish. Articles regarding land-use change assessment in coastal areas were selected, discarding those that although being on coastal zones and geographic and soil identification did not use Geographic Information System (GIS). Results: A GIS is a computer-based tool for evaluating the land-use change in coastal areas by quantifying variations. It is analyzed through GIS and its contributions; highlighting its importance and constant monitoring. Limitations of the study/Implications: This research analyzes national and international scientific information, published from 2007 to 2019, regarding the land-use change in coastal areas quantified with the digital GIS tool. Findings/Conclusions: GIS are useful tools in the identification and quantitative evaluation of changes in land-use in coastal ecosystems; which require constant evaluation due to their high dynamism.

A protocol for sampling pastures in hill country

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Hutchinson ◽  
D.R. Scobie ◽  
J. Beautrais ◽  
A.D. Mackay ◽  
G.M. Rennie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Topographic Complexity ◽  
Hill Country

To develop a protocol to guide pasture sampling for estimation of paddock pasture mass in hill country, a range of pasture sampling strategies, including random sampling, transects and stratification based on slope and aspect, were evaluated using simulations in a Geographical Information Systems computer environment. The accuracy and efficiency of each strategy was tested by sampling data obtained from intensive field measurements across several farms, regions and seasons. The number of measurements required to obtain an accurate estimate was related to the overall pasture mass and the topographic complexity of a paddock, with more variable paddocks requiring more samples. Random sampling from average slopes provided the best balance between simplicity and reliability. A draft protocol was developed from the simulations, in the form of a decision support tool, where visual determination of the topographic complexity of the paddock, along with the required accuracy, were used to guide the number of measurements recommended. The protocol was field tested and evaluated by groups of users for efficacy and ease of use. This sampling protocol will offer farmers, consultants and researchers an efficient, reliable and simple way to determine pasture mass in New Zealand hill country settings. Keywords: hill country, feed budgeting, protocol pasture mass, slope

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