EXPLORING TOURIST EXPENDITURES OF THE GJIROKASTRA DISTRICT IN ALBANIA: A CLUSTER ANALYSIS

Tourism expenditures are an important indicator for measuring the impact of tourism on a destination. Information taken from the micro data of tourism expenditures, together with other socio-demographic characteristics of visitors, provides important data on the tourist demand for a destination. Visitor costs in combination with other variables can be used to profile the demand for tourist goods and services in the destination area. In this paper, the daily expenses of visitors in the Gjirokastra district of Albania are analysed. The Gjirokastra district is one of the more preferred regions and attracts a considerable number of domestic and foreign visitors, because it offers a diversity tourist attractions and services. For the purposes of this study, a survey of 200 visitors was conducted. The survey results were analysed with descriptive statistics via a cluster analysis. The survey provides detailed data on the daily expenses of visitors, divided into six main categories of a typical travel budget. Through the use of data mining cluster analysis, we identified and analysed the tourists’ daily expenses based on the purpose of their visit to the area of Gjirokaster.

Strategi pengelolaan pariwisata berkelanjutan di kawasan wisata alam sumber maron, kabupaten Malang

Wisata Alam Sumber Maron is a tourist destination in Malang Regency which is currently experiencing a surge in tourists. In addition, there are problems with the conversion of land from plantations to developed land. Both of these problems have an impact on the quality of the environment in Wisata Alam Sumber Maron, causing the tourist destination area to be unsustainable. The purpose of this research is to analyze the management strategies that can be applied in Wisata Alam Sumber Maron. The data analysis used is an analysis of the carrying capacity of the environment to determine its physical factors, stakeholder analysis to determine social factors and analysis of travel costs to determine economic factors. Based on the method used, the final result is ha the effective carrying capacity at the Wisata Alam Sumber Maron is 179 people/day. This figure is then used as a guideline for strategy formulation.The management strategy is formulated using the 4 pillars of tourism method as stated in the Undang-Undang Number 10 of 2009 about Kepariwisataan, namely the tourism industry, destinations, marketing, and tourism institutions.

Kinerja Bus Trans Padang Koridor IV dan Karateristik Penumpangnya

In order to counterbalance movement of the city is by building mass transportation. However, the number of users who interested in using Trans Padang Corridor IV is relatively low. Analysis of the performance and passengers characteristics of the Trans Padang Corridor IV Bus is useful for improving performance based on the characteristics of the passengers. This study used a quantitative method in the form of observations, interviews, and also questionnaires which were described descriptively. Performance analysis was based on the decision of the Director General of Land Transportation No.SK.687/AJ.206/DRJD/2002. Based on the performance analysis (load factor, headway, waiting time, amount of buses, travel time, speed, capacity and cycle time) only waiting time was in accordance with the reference. For the passengers characteristics dominated by women, age range 36-45 years old, live in Lubuk Buaya urban village, private employee occupation, salary range <Rp. 500,000, do not have personal vehicle, the distance from the house to the bus stop is about 500m-1 km, work trip destination, reach the departure bus stop and final destination on foot, the time took from the departure to the destination is <5 minutes, the location of the departure stop is at the Lubuk Buaya bus stop, the destination area is Lubuk Buaya urban village, and the reasons for choosing the bus are because of the safety and the convenience of the bus.

A survey of students’ English proficiency and their needs toward learning outcomes at vocational colleges

This research was conducted to investigate students’ English proficiency and their needs toward English learning outcomes. This research was based on a qualitative research design. The data were collected from 80 students who received an English proficiency test and eight students who participated in an interview session. The interview dealt with their needs and problems in communication skills in English. The result shows that there was no student who got excellent English proficiency level, eight students (10%) reached good category, 46 students (58%) achieved satisfactory category, 21 students (26%) were in poor category, and five students (6%) were in very poor category. In addition, all students need English for communication in their future profession. Finally, the results of the interview also show that industrial engineering students preparing to work in manufacturing various marble products face a serious problem in marketing their products to the consumers. In addition, the students majoring in tourism destination area considered that they have to communicate in English to support their job in providing services to tourists speaking different languages. Therefore, it can be concluded that vocational school students need transactional English in a specific field because they are being prepared to work in enterprises or to be entrepreneurs.

A systematic approach for predicting loyalty behavior of tourist destinations

PurposeDestinations to be able to compete with each other need to equip themselves with as many competitive advantages as possible. Tourists' loyalty to a destination is considered as a prominent competitive tool for destinations. Tourists' loyalty manifests itself in recommendation of the destination to others, repeat visit of the destination and willingness to revisit the destination. Although a plethora of studies have tried to define models to show the relation between loyalty and the antecedent factors leading up to it, few of them have tried to integrate these models with mathematical approaches for better understanding of loyalty behavior. The purpose of this paper is to integrate a tourist destination model with Bayesian Network in order to predict the behaviour of destination loyalty and its antecedent factors.Design/methodology/approachThis paper has developed a probability model by the integration of a destination loyalty model with a Bayesian network (BN) which enables to predict and analyze the behavior of loyalty and its influential factors. To demonstrate the application of this framework, Tehran, the capital of Iran, was chosen as a destination case study.FindingsThe outcome of this research will assist in identifying the weak key points in the tourist destination area for giving insights to the marketers, businesses and policy makers for making better decisions related to destination loyalty. In the analysis process, the most influential factors were recognized as the travel environment image, natural/historical attractions and, with a lower degree, infrastructure image which help the decision maker to detect and reinforce the weak factors and put more effort in focusing on improving the necessary parts rather than the irrelevant parts.Originality/valueThe research identified all critical factors that have the most influence on destination loyalty while driving the associate uncertainty which is significant for the tourism industry. This resulted in better decision-making which is used to identify the impact of tourism destination loyalty.

Mutual relationships of environment and migration: A sociological appraisal

Socio-industrial change in the past two centuries has widely affected the environment in various ways. In this process natural life has reversed ___ water resources, forests, agriculture, original foods, rural life, husbandry, access to fresh air and many more have changed face. Instead, chemicals, pollutants, transportation pollution, family networks, artificial food and many more have replaced the original/ natural characteristics of life and the original human values. Environmental change and degradation have widely caused migration in various forms. Currently, we can observe lots of climate refugees moving from one part to another. Such a situation leads to problems in the area of origin and in the destination area. When migration from a village takes place, agricultural production per head migrant is ceased/ suspended, and when the migrant is settled in a city, or another country, there would happen a pressure on resources there. Therefore, migration overall has its positive and negative effects. However, the phenomenon of migration brings many challenges and shortcomings for the host countries. Illegal immigrants who generally live unregistered on the outskirts of the city, they themselves cause environmental pollution, many social perversions, abnormalities (antisocial) behaviors, and the like.

Mutual Relationships of Environment and Migration: A Sociological Appraisal

Socio-industrial change in the past two centuries has widely affected the environment in various ways. In this process natural life has reversed ___ water resources, forests, agriculture, original foods, rural life, husbandry, access to fresh air and many more have changed face. Instead, chemicals, pollutants, transportation pollution, family networks, artificial food and many more have replaced the original/ natural characteristics of life and the original human values. Environmental change and degradation have widely caused migration in various forms. Currently, we can observe lots of climate refugees moving from one part to another. Such a situation leads to problems in the area of origin and in the destination area. When migration from a village takes place, agricultural production per head migrant is ceased/ suspended, and when the migrant is settled in a city, or another country, there would happen a pressure on resources there. Therefore, migration overall has its positive and negative effects. However, the phenomenon of migration brings many challenges and shortcomings for the host countries. Illegal immigrants who generally live unregistered on the outskirts of the city, they themselves cause environmental pollution, many social perversions, abnormalities (antisocial) behaviors, and the like.

Strategi Pengembangan Food Prenuer Khas Daerah di Destinasi Wisata Lubuk Linggau selama Pandemic

Lubuk Linggau is one of the regency-level cities in South Sumatra which was chosen as a research locus because its tourism is being developed, especially the tourist spot of Temam Waterfall. This study aims to identify the number of business actors and the types of culinary offered in tourist destinations of Lubuk Linggau City; identify and analyze the problems of food preneur in developing the culinary business; and formulate a food preneur development strategy in the tourist destinations of Lubuk Linggau City. This research is a qualitative and quantitative research with a survey approach conducted through observation and interviews with semi-structured techniques. The research data was taken through snow ball sampling and processed using internal and external SWOT analysis (Strengthness, Weakness, Opportunities, Threatness). The results showed that the number of business actors around the tourist destination area of ​​Temam Waterfall was 16 stalls, but due to the pandemic, only 5 stalls were operating with food that was delivered in the form of instant food, not typical regional food. In addition, based on the results of the internal and external SWOT analysis, with a shortage of typical food traders, it can be said that there is a big opportunity for the development of food preneurs around these tourist destination areas. However, it requires synergy and cooperation between the government and tourism actors for the food preneur development process. The food preneur development strategy is based on the results of research using SWOT, so that the typical culinary food preneur around the destination area can develop to attract more visitors or tourists, especially in the post-pandemic period or in the new normal era

ANALISIS EFISIENSI BIAYA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TRANSPORTASI PADA PENDISTRIBUSIAN BARANG PT. XYZ

This research purpose is to streamline the cost of PT. XYZ goods shipping. The company will know the cost efficiency between using the third party transportation services or their own transportation. This reseacrh method is descriptive, the required data is obtained by conducting a survey at this company. Analysis data in this research are using Transportation Method. To get the optimal shipping cost, company had using transportation services by using Transportation Method with North West Corner (NWC), Least Cost, and Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM) approaches. And result of this research is indicate that the method of company using on their own transportation is not optimal, and the company can streamline the cost if using third party transportation services rather than using their own transportation to the destination area. To get the optimal cost, company ought to use Transportation Method.