scholarly journals Thermal, Mechanical, and Rheological Properties of Biocomposites Made of Poly(lactic acid) and Potato Pulp Powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Righetti ◽  
Patrizia Cinelli ◽  
Norma Mallegni ◽  
Carlo Massa ◽  
Simona Bronco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Progressive Decrease ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Potato Pulp ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
The Cost

The thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of biocomposites of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with potato pulp powder were investigated in order to (1) quantify how the addition of this filler modifies the structure of the polymeric material and (2) to obtain information on the possible miscibility and compatibility between PLA and the potato pulp. The potato pulp powder utilized is a residue of the processing for the production and extraction of starch. The study was conducted by analyzing the effect of the potato pulp concentration on the thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of the biocomposites. The results showed that the potato pulp powder does not act as reinforcement but as filler for the PLA polymeric matrix. A progressive decrease in elastic modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break was observed with increasing the potato pulp percentage. This moderate loss of mechanical properties, however, still meets the technical requirements indicated for the production of rigid packaging items. The incorporation of potato pulp powder to PLA offers the possibility to reduce the cost of the final products and promotes a circular economy approach for the valorization of agro-food waste biomass.

scholarly journals Thermal, Mechanical, Viscoelastic and Morphological Properties of Poly(lactic acid) based Biocomposites with Potato Pulp Powder Treated with Waxes

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Righetti ◽  
Patrizia Cinelli ◽  
Norma Mallegni ◽  
Carlo Massa ◽  
Laura Aliotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Pulp Fibers ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Potato Pulp ◽  
The Cost

The thermal, mechanical and viscoelastic properties of biocomposites of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with 20 wt.% of potato pulp powder were investigated. The potato pulp powder utilized is a byproduct from the production and extraction of starch. The results showed that the potato pulp powder does not act as reinforcement, but as filler for PLA, due to an unfavorable aspect ratio and the irregular shape of the particles. In order to improve the mechanical response of the PLA/potato pulp powder biocomposites, surface treatment of the potato pulp particles with bio-based and petroleum-based waxes was investigated. This treatment was found to improve the properties of the biocomposites, enhancing the adhesion between the PLA based polymeric matrix and the potato pulp fibers. The best result is obtained with a petroleum-based wax, but also the bio-based waxes lead to good mechanical properties of the biocomposite. Thus, the addition to PLA of potato pulp powder, treated with waxes, appears a method able to (i) utilize and valorize an abundant agro-food biomass such as potato pulp, according to the principles of circular economy, (ii) favor the production of articles with properties valuable for practical applications, and (iii) reduce the cost of the final products, considering the relatively high cost of PLA.

scholarly journals Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Biocomposites Made of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and Potato Pulp Powder

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Righetti ◽  
Patrizia Cinelli ◽  
Norma Mallegni ◽  
Andreas Stäbler ◽  
Andrea Lazzeri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Biomass Valorization ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Potato Pulp ◽  
Technical Requirements

The thermal and mechanical properties of biocomposites of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co- 3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) containing 5 wt % of valerate units, with 20 wt % of potato pulp powder were investigated in order (i) to obtain information on possible miscibility/compatibility between the biopolymers and the potato pulp, and (ii) to quantify how the addition of this filler modifies the properties of the polymeric material. The potato pulp powder utilized is a residue of processing for the production and extraction of starch. The final aim of this study is the preparation of PHBV based materials with reduced cost, thanks to biomass valorization, in agreement with the circular economy policy, as result of the incorporation of agricultural organic waste. The results showed that the potato pulp powder does not act as reinforcement, but rather as filler for the PHBV polymeric matrix. A moderate loss in mechanical properties is detected (decrease in elastic modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break), which regardless still meets the technical requirements indicated for rigid packaging production. In order to improve the mechanical response of the PHBV/potato pulp powder biocomposites, surface treatment of the potato pulp powder with bio-based and petroleum-based waxes was investigated. Good enhancement of the mechanical properties was achieved with the natural carnauba and bee waxes.

Effect of chain extender on morphologies and properties of PBAT/PLA composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 089270572110514
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Anrong Huang ◽  
Shanshan Luo ◽  
Min Shi ◽  
Jiling Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Interfacial Compatibility

Biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/poly(lactic acid) (PBAT/PLA) composites were prepared by melt blending, and chain extender was used to improve the compatibility of PBAT/PLA blends through the chemical reaction. The influence of PLA and chain extender contents on mechanical properties, morphology, and rheological properties of PBAT/PLA composites was systematically investigated. The results revealed that the Young’s modulus and stress values gradually increased under the same strain, whereas the elongation at break decreased with the increase of chain extender content for PBAT/PLA (80/20) composites. Noteworthy, the presence of chain extender improves the interfacial compatibility between PLA and PBAT phases. At the chain extender content of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 wt.%, the extensional viscosity of the composites exhibited an increasing trend, whereas an obvious strain-hardening phenomenon emerged in the uniaxial extensional curves.

Compatibility Enhancement of Poly(lactic Acid)/Crosslinked Starch Composite by Vacuum Heating Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
Xiao Gang Liu ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Chen Yu Fan ◽  
Shi Zhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Heating Treatment ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Vacuum Heating ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Compositing with starch is an effective way to lower the cost of the poly (lactic acid)(PLA)-based biodegradable materials, while the compatibility of these two phases needs to be enhanced. Here reports an improvement based on vacuum heating treatment(VHT), hence a solid-phase esterification between PLA and crosslinked starch（CST） is enhanced. This research also studied the impact by esterified catalysts and starch proportion on thermal stability, surface morphology and mechanical properties of the composite. The result indicated that VHT shows positive effect on all aspects. Especially, sample with 20% CST shows optimized tensile strength of 62.6 MPa, and elongation at break was as high as 69.8%.

Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Thermoplastic Starch/Poly(lactic acid/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 970 ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Sujaree Tachaphiboonsap ◽  
Kasama Jarukumjorn
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blending Method

Thermoplastic starch (TPS)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA) blend and thermoplastic starch (TPS)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blend were prepared by melt blending method. PLA grafted with maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MA) was used as a compatibilizer to improve the compatibility of the blends. As TPS was incorporated into PLA, elongation at break was increased while tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength were decreased. Tensile properties and impact properties of TPS/PLA blend were improved with adding PLA-g-MA indicating the enhancement of interfacial adhesion between PLA and TPS. With increasing PBAT content, elongation at break and impact strength of TPS/PLA blends were improved. The addition of TPS decreased glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tc), and melting temperature (Tm) of PLA. Tgand Tcof TPS/PLA blend were decreased by incorporating PLA-g-MA. However, the presence of PBAT reduced Tcof TPS/PLA blend. Thermal properties of TPS/PLA/PBAT blends did not change with increasing PBAT content. SEM micrographs revealed that the compatibilized TPS/PLA blends exhibited finer morphology when compared to the uncompatibilized TPS/PLA blend.

Tensile and water absorption properties of solvent cast biofilms of sugarcane leaves fibre-filled poly(lactic) acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuhananthan Nanthakumar ◽  
Chan Ming Yeng ◽  
Koay Seong Chun
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

This research covers the preparation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/sugarcane leaves fibre (SLF) biofilms via a solvent-casting method. The results showed that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PLA/SLF biofilms increased with the increasing of SLF content. Nevertheless, the elongation at break showed an opposite trend as compared to tensile strength and Young’s modulus of biofilms. Moreover, water absorption properties of PLA/SLF biofilms increased with the increasing of SLF content. In contrast, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of biofilms were enhanced after bleaching treatment with hydrogen peroxide on SLF, but the elongation at break and water absorption properties of bleached biofilms were reduced due to the improvement of filler–matrix adhesion in biofilms. The tensile and water properties were further discussed using B-factor and Fick’s law, respectively. Furthermore, the functional groups of unbleached and bleached SLF were characterized by Fourier transform infrared analysis.

Rheological Properties of Starch-Based Materials and Starch/Poly(lactic acid) Blends

2007 ◽  
Vol 249-250 (1) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengwei Xie ◽  
Tao Xue ◽  
Long Yu ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Xiaoxi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid

Thermal, mechanical and rheological properties of poly (lactic acid)/epoxidized soybean oil blends

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathilah Ali ◽  
Young-Wook Chang ◽  
Shin Choon Kang ◽  
Joon Yong Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Epoxidized Soybean Oil ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Oil Blends

Effects of walnut shell powders on the morphology and the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1383-1395
Author(s):  
Hongjuan Zheng ◽  
Zhengqian Sun ◽  
Hongjuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Property Testing ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Heat Distortion Temperature ◽  
Testing Techniques

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has good environmental compatibility, however, its high brittleness, slow rate of crystallization, and low heat distortion temperature restrict its widespread use. To overcome these limitations, in this study, PLA was mixed with walnut shell (WS) powders. The effects of WS powders on the morphology and the thermal and mechanical properties of PLA were investigated. The products were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and various mechanical property testing techniques. The results showed that WS powders had a significant effect on the morphology and the thermal and mechanical properties of PLA. The tensile strength, impact strength, and elongation at break of the PLA/WS composites first increased and then decreased with the increasing addition of WS powders. When the addition of WS powders was about 0.5 wt%, they reached maximum values of 51.2 MPa, 23.3 MPa, and 19.0%, respectively. Compared with neat PLA, the spherulite grain size of the composites could be reduced and many irregular polygons were formed during crystallization. The melting, cold crystallization, and glass-transition temperatures of the composites were lower than those of neat PLA.

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