scholarly journals The Roles of Lipoprotein in Psoriasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ming Shih ◽  
Chang-Cyuan Chen ◽  
Chen-Kuo Chu ◽  
Kuo-Hsien Wang ◽  
Chun-Yao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
The Relationship

The association between psoriasis and cardiovascular disease risk has been supported by recent epidemiological data. Patients with psoriasis have an increased adjusted relative risk for myocardial infarction. As such, the cardiovascular risk conferred by severe psoriasis may be comparable to what is seen with other well-established risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus. Previous studies demonstrated that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays critical roles during atherogenesis. It may be caused by the accumulation of macrophages and lipoprotein in the vessel wall. Oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) stimulates the expression of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, on endothelial cells and increases the attachment of mononuclear cells and the endothelium. Even though previous evidence demonstrated that psoriasis patients have tortuous and dilated blood vessels in the dermis, which results in the leakage of ox-LDL, the leaked ox-LDL may increase the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines, and disturb the static balance of osmosis. Therefore, exploration of the relationship between hyperlipidemia and psoriasis may be another novel treatment option for psoriasis and may represent the most promising strategy.

scholarly journals rs2569190A>G in CD14 is Independently Associated with Hypercholesterolemia: A Brief Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Salami ◽  
Christy Costanian ◽  
Said El Shamieh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

Many studies have assessed the implication of cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) molecules and its single nucleotide polymorphism rs2569190A>G with different complex diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this study, we investigated the association of rs2569190A>G in CD14 with cardiovascular disease risk factors (hypercholesterolemia and hypertension) in 460 individuals from the general Lebanese population (Middle Eastern multiethnic population). Using a multiple logistic regression model adjusted for six covariates (under additive and recessive assumptions), we found that the G allele of rs2569190 in CD14 was associated with increased levels of total cholesterol (OR = 3.10, p = 0.009), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 3.87, p = 0.003), and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 0.38, p = 0.001). In contrast, no significant relationship was found with hypertension. Thus, we concluded that rs2569190G in CD14 is associated with a higher risk of developing hypercholesterolemia.

New Insights into Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Subjects with Visceral Obesity

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S37-S40 ◽  
Author(s):  
AP James ◽  
K Slivkoff-Clark ◽  
JCL Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Essentially Normal ◽  
Ldl Particles ◽  
Chylomicron Metabolism

Obese insulin resistant individuals often present with a dyslipidemic phenotype characterised by hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol levels, essentially normal total- and LDL-cholesterol, but a propensity for smaller, denser LDL particles. We have reported that concentrations of chylomicrons are two to three folds greater than in age-matched lean controls. We have recently observed that in lean free-living subjects the flux of chylomicrons over a 12h period was just 25% greater in these subjects than basal chylomicron production. Constitutive secretion of chylomicrons appears to be of greater relevance to arterial exposure than postprandial fluctuations. Insulin critically regulates the metabolism of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and hence it would be expected that the hormone is also involved in the regulation of chylomicron metabolism. Impaired insulin action may therefore be responsible for the associated hyperchylomicronaemia. In this review we examine the hypothesis that insulin chronically modulates chylomicron metabolism and present evidence suggesting that hyperchylomicronaemia primarily results from impaired chylomicron production.

scholarly journals Plasma norepinephrine is an independent predictor of vascular endothelial function with aging in healthy women

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1416-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachelle E. Kaplon ◽  
Ashley E. Walker ◽  
Douglas R. Seals
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Function ◽  
Key Factor

We tested the hypothesis that reductions in vascular endothelial function (endothelium-dependent dilation, EDD) with age are related to increases in sympathetic activity. Among 314 healthy men and women, age was inversely related to brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) ( r = −0.30, P < 0.001), a measure of EDD, and positively related to plasma norepinephrine concentrations (PNE), a marker of sympathetic activity ( r = 0.49, P < 0.001). Brachial FMD was inversely related to PNE in all subjects ( r = −0.25, P < 0.001) and in men ( n = 187, r = −0.17, P = 0.02) and women ( n = 127, r = −0.37, P < 0.001) separately. After controlling for PNE (multiple regression analysis), brachial FMD remained significantly related to age in all subjects ( r = −0.20, P < 0.001) and in men ( r = −0.23, P < 0.01), but not women ( r = −0.16, P = 0.06). Consistent with this, brachial FMD remained significantly related to PNE when controlling for age ( r = −0.24, P < 0.01) and menopause status ( r = −0.24, P < 0.01) in women. Indeed, PNE was the strongest independent correlate of brachial FMD in women after controlling for conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors ( r = −0.22, P = 0.01). This relation persisted in a subset of women ( n = 113) after further accounting for the effects of plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein ( P < 0.05), a circulating marker of oxidative stress. Endothelium-independent dilation was not related to age in either men or women ( P > 0.05). These results provide the first evidence that EDD is inversely related to sympathetic activity, as assessed by PNE, among healthy adults varying in age. In particular, our findings suggest that sympathetic nervous system activity may be a key factor involved in the modulation of vascular endothelial function with aging in women.

scholarly journals Study of cardiovascular disease risk factors among urban schoolchildren in Sousse,Tunisia

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1046-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ghannem ◽  
K. Khlita ◽  
I. Harrabi ◽  
A. Ben Abdelaziz ◽  
R. Gaha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Lipid Disorders ◽  
Significant Difference

To assess the risk to Tunisian children of cardiovascular diseases [CVD], we undertook an epidemiological survey of 1569 urban schoolchildren from Sousse. Prevalence rates for the following CVD risk factors were determined: hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and other lipid disorders, obesity and tobacco consumption. Hypertension and hypertriglyceridaemia showed no statistically significant difference by sex. Hypercholesterolaemia, high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and obesity were all significantly higher for girls than boys. Smoking was significantly higher among boys. The relatively low CVD risk factor profile of Tunisian schoolchildren should be encouraged in adulthood and a school heart health programme should be established.

scholarly journals Role of Lipoprotein Apheresis in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupesh Raina ◽  
Claire Young ◽  
Vinod Krishnappa ◽  
Rahul Chanchlani
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipoprotein Apheresis ◽  
Prevention Methods

Background and Aim: Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and/or lipoprotein(a) are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Management of hypercholesterolemia consists of drug therapies, including statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors. In patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), lipoprotein apheresis (LA) is utilized to control lipid levels. However, LA is not currently a standard therapy for non-FH. This review summarizes the literature regarding LA therapy in CVD prevention. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE databases were searched using the keywords “LA” and “CVD”. Citations were individually reviewed for relevance. Results: The efficacy of LA was clearly demonstrated, largely based on evidence from observational studies. In patients who are unresponsive to traditional lipid-lowering medications, LA effectively reduced serum lipoprotein levels and adverse cardiovascular events. Conclusion: It was concluded that LA is a safe and effective technique that could be considered in the management of hypercholesterolemia and future risk. Randomized control trials would further support a role for LA as a therapeutic option.

Should we Consider Lipoprotein (a) in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia?

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (31) ◽  
pp. 3665-3671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽  
Pavlos Siolos ◽  
Dimitrios Krikidis ◽  
Dimitrios G. Goulis ◽  
John C. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolaemia ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibitors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetically determined lipid disorder, affecting 1 per 200-500 individuals in the general population. It is significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), although it remains still an underrecognized and undertreated disease. Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-like molecule, containing an additional protein, apolipoprotein (a). Objective: This review aims to present and discuss available data on the role of Lp(a) in patients with FH, in terms of its potential augmentation of CVD risk. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was performed to identify studies evaluating the CV effects of Lp(a) in patients with FH. Results: Lp(a) has been recognised as an independent risk factor for CVD, mainly coronary artery disease (CAD). Most, but not all, studies show increased Lp(a) concentrations in adults and children with FH. There is also evidence of an independent association between Lp(a) and CVD (mainly CAD) risk in these patients. Conclusion: Some therapeutic modalities, such as niacin, oestrogens, tibolone and proprotein convertase subtilisin/ kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors may effectively reduce Lp(a) concentrations by 25-30%, although their clinical benefit of this effect remains to be established.

scholarly journals Dietary Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Ann S. Carson ◽  
Alice H. Lichtenstein ◽  
Cheryl A.M. Anderson ◽  
Lawrence J. Appel ◽  
Penny M. Kris-Etherton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Meta Analyses

The elimination of specific dietary cholesterol target recommendations in recent guidelines has raised questions about its role with respect to cardiovascular disease. This advisory was developed after a review of human studies on the relationship of dietary cholesterol with blood lipids, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease risk to address questions about the relevance of dietary cholesterol guidance for heart health. Evidence from observational studies conducted in several countries generally does not indicate a significant association with cardiovascular disease risk. Although meta-analyses of intervention studies differ in their findings, most associate intakes of cholesterol that exceed current average levels with elevated total or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Dietary guidance should focus on healthy dietary patterns (eg, Mediterranean-style and DASH [Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension]–style diets) that are inherently relatively low in cholesterol with typical levels similar to the current US intake. These patterns emphasize fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat or fat-free dairy products, lean protein sources, nuts, seeds, and liquid vegetable oils. A recommendation that gives a specific dietary cholesterol target within the context of food-based advice is challenging for clinicians and consumers to implement; hence, guidance focused on dietary patterns is more likely to improve diet quality and to promote cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Association of Fitness and Fatness with Clustered Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Nigerian Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5861
Author(s):  
Danladi I. Musa ◽  
Abel L. Toriola ◽  
Daniel T. Goon ◽  
Sunday U. Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Standardized Residuals

Purpose: This study examinedthe independent and joint association of fitness and fatness with clustered cardiovascular disease risk (CVDrs) in 11–18 year-old Nigerian adolescents. Methods: A hundred and ninety seven adolescents (100 girls and 97 boys) were evaluated forfitness, fatness and CVDrs. Fitness was evaluated with the progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run test while fatness was assessed using body mass index. A clustered CVDrs was computed from the standardized residuals of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Regression models controlling for waist circumference assessed the association of fitness and fatness with CVDrs. Results: Prevalence of clustered CVD risk was 7.1% (girls = 3.0%; boys = 4.1%). Based on risk factor abnormalities, 52.8% of participants had one or more CVD risk factor abnormalities with more boys (27.4%) affected. Low fitness was associated with clustered CVDrs in both girls (R2 = 9.8%, β = −0.287, p = 0.05) and boys (R2 = 17%, β = −0.406, p < 0.0005). Fatness was not associated with the CVDrs in both sexes. After controlling for all the variables in the model, only fitness (R2 = 10.4%) and abdominal fat (R2 = 19.5%) were associated with CVDrs respectively. Unfit girls were 3.2 (95% CI = 1.31–7.91, p = 0.011) times likely to develop CVD risk abnormality compared to their fit counterparts. The likelihood of unfit boys developing CVD risk abnormality was 3.9 (95% CI = 1.15–10.08, p = 0.005) times compared to their fit peers. Conclusions: Fitness but not fatness was a better predictor of CVDrs in Nigerian boys and girls. The result of this study suggests that any public health strategies aimed at preventing or reversing the increasing trends of CVD risk in adolescents should emphasize promotion of aerobic fitness.

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