scholarly journals Mutational Landscape and Environmental Effects in Bladder Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6072
Author(s):  
Takuji Hayashi ◽  
Kazutoshi Fujita ◽  
Yujiro Hayashi ◽  
Koji Hatano ◽  
Atsunari Kawashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cigarette Smoking Exposure

Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary tract. Although nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancers have a good prognosis, muscle-invasive bladder cancers promote metastases and have a poor prognosis. Comprehensive analyses using RNA sequence of clinical tumor samples in bladder cancer have been reported. These reports implicated the candidate genes and pathways that play important roles in carcinogenesis and/or progression of bladder cancer. Further investigations for the function of each mutation are warranted. There is suggestive evidence for several environmental factors as risk factors of bladder cancer. Environmental factors such as cigarette smoking, exposure to chemicals and gases, bladder inflammation due to microbial and parasitic infections, diet, and nutrition could induce several genetic mutations and alter the tumor microenvironment, such as immune cells and fibroblasts. The detailed mechanism of how these environmental factors induce carcinogenesis and/or progression of bladder cancer remains unclear. To identify the relationship between the mutations and the lifestyle could be useful for prevention and treatment of bladder cancer.

scholarly journals Fewer tumour draining sentinel nodes in patients with progressing muscle invasive bladder cancer, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical cystectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 2207-2213
Author(s):  
Julia Alvaeus ◽  
Robert Rosenblatt ◽  
Markus Johansson ◽  
Farhood Alamdari ◽  
Tomasz Jakubczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Sentinel Nodes ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose To examine the relationship between the number of tumour draining sentinel nodes (SNs) and pathoanatomical outcomes, in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC). Materials and Methods In an ongoing prospective multicenter study, we included 230 patients with suspected urothelial MIBC from ten Swedish urological centers. All underwent TURb and clinical staging. From the cohort, 116 patients with urothelial MIBC; cT2-cT4aN0M0, underwent radical cystectomy (RC) and lymphadenectomy with SN-detection (SNd). 83 patients received cisplatin-based NAC and 33 were NAC-naïve. The number and locations of detected SNs and non-SNs were recorded for each patient. The NAC treated patients were categorized by pathoanatomical outcomes post-RC into three groups: complete responders (CR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). Selected covariates with possible impact on SN-yield were tested in uni -and multivariate analyses for NAC-treated patients only. Results In NAC treated patients, the mean number of SNs was significantly higher in CR patients (3.3) and SD patients (3.6) compared with PD patients (1.4) (p = 0.034). In a linear multivariate regression model, the number of harvested nodes was the only independent variable that affected the number of SNs (p = 0.0004). Conclusions The number of tumor-draining SNs in NAC-treated patients was significantly lower in patients with progressive disease.

Neoadjuvant accelerated MVAC therapy in bladder cancer: toxicity and efficacy correlation

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-594
Author(s):  
William M. Grabstald ◽  
Richard H. Sarkis ◽  
Chrisophos A. Jacobus ◽  
Smith V. Feifer
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Cancer Staging ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the genitourinary tract. Radical cystectomy is considered the gold standard of treatment for patients with localized muscle-invasive disease (MIBC), although chemoradiotherapy protocols using neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy is used for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We explored the toxicity and efficacy of neoadjuvant AMVAC in MIBC. A total of 177 patients with clinical tumor–node–metastases (TNM) stage T2N0M0 to T4aN0M0 bladder cancer who were candidates for radical cystectomy were eligible, tumors were staged according to the criteria in the fourth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual. Grade ≥ 2 toxicities were observed in 8% of patients, with grade 3 and 4 neutropenia in 7% and 5% patients, respectively; grade 3 and 4 anemia in 4% and 2% of patients, respectively; no patients died of drug toxicity; 61% of patients were accrued; 16% were down-staged to non–muscle invasive disease. Further, 31% showing pT0 at cystectomy and the median survival was 16.9 months.

The efficacy of trimodal chemoradiotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin as a bladder-preserving strategy for the treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer: A single-arm prospective study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 516-516
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Matsumoto ◽  
Kazuhiro Nagao ◽  
Sho Ozawa ◽  
Masahiro Samoto ◽  
Junichi Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Bladder Preservation ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Muscle Invasive

516 Background: Radical cystectomy is still the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), while the patients with MIBC are not always appropriate candidates due to multiple comorbidities. We establish novel treatment strategy by trimodal treatment. Methods: The regimen was gemcitabine 300 mg/m2, and cisplatin 30mg/m2 in day 1 and concomitant irradiation 2Gy/Fr, 5 fraction per week. Irradiation was administered to whole pelvis up to 30Gy, then boost to true pelvis until total 48Gy to 54Gy. Extensive transurethral resection (TURBT) was performed and we confirmed pathological stage ≥T2. TURBT was also performed after chemoradiotherapy to evaluate the pathological response to treatment. This study was approved in our institutional review board (ID: H23-89) and the information was opened on UMIN (ID: UMIN000006363). We analyzed their treatment efficacy and survival. Results: The patients were 29 men and 9 women, median age was 76.5 y.o. and median follow up was 23 months (1 - 112). Clinical stage T2, T3, T4, N1 and N2 were 23, 10, 5, 4, 2 cases, respectively. The 2- and 5-year metastatic-free survival (MFS), bladder-recurrence free survival (bRFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) rates after treatment were 91.7 and 84.0%, 59.7 and 42.6%, 87.3 and 87.3%, and 87.3 and 81.8%, respectively. Salvage cystectomy was performed 3 patients and they were still alive. CR rate was 78.9% and overall response rate was 92.1%. cT stage and valiant histology was not associated with treatment response. The patients achieved CR had significant good prognosis in CSS (p=0.0149) and OS (p=0.0149) compared with non-responders. In cox hazard model, CR achievement was significant prognostic factors for OS (p =0.0015, HR 6.804e+26, 95% CI 56.94-1.631e+86). Patients were able to receive 3 to 5 cycle GC radiation and any grade 3 or more adverse event was 7 (18.4%) cases. no treatment related death was recorded. Conclusions: In selected patients, GC radiation for MIBC may provide good oncological outcomes as bladder preservation strategy.

Impact of smoking status and cumulative smoking exposure on tumor recurrence of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Min Li ◽  
Baihetiya Azhati ◽  
Mulati Rexiati ◽  
Wen Guang Wang ◽  
Xiao Dong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Muscle Invasive

The Relationship of Local Control to Distant Metastasis in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

1995 ◽  
pp. 2059-2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Pollack ◽  
Gunar K. Zagars ◽  
Christopher J. Cole ◽  
Colin P. N. Dinney ◽  
David A. Swanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Local Control ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals CARCINOMA UROTELIAL DA BEXIGA: RELATO DE CASO

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Gabriel Bandeira Santos ◽  
Felipe Iankelevich Baracat ◽  
Oscar Rubini Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Bladder Neoplasms ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Pelvic Lymphadenectomy ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Macroscopic Hematuria ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Among male patients, bladder cancer is the fourth most common and is rarely identified in young individuals. The most common symptom is macroscopic hematuria and the initial treatment is transurethral resection of the bladder, in which the stage and classification are identified. Smoking is known to be the main risk factor for bladder cancers. Radical cystectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy are the “gold standard” treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Around 25% of bladder neoplasms are muscle-invasive at diagnosis, but the patients have a good prognosis with this kind of treatment. The Bricker technique is the most used for the reconstruction of the neobladder. In this paper we report the case of a male patient, 55 years old, with invasive high-grade bladder cancer, treated with a radical cystectomy, lymphadenectomy and neobladder using the Bricker technique. After the surgical procedure, the patient remained in the Intensive Care Unit for two days, presenting acute kidney injury and the need for three hemodialysis sessions. The recovery was adequate, with a good postoperative evolution. We emphasize the importance of reporting to the patient about the indispensable clinical follow-up, which must be done until medical discharge, to avoid disease recurrence and the need for more aggressive treatments, as we will see in this case.

scholarly journals Neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy: what is the best treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer?

2011 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Nabil Ismaili ◽  
Sanaa Elmajjaoui ◽  
Youssef Bensouda ◽  
Rhizlane Belbaraka ◽  
Halima Abahssain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Setting ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer for men and the eighth most common cancer for women. Transitional cell carcinoma is the most predominant histological type. Bladder cancer is highly chemosensitive. In metastatic setting the treatment is based on cisplatin chemotherapy regimens type MVAC, MVAC-HD or gemcitabine plus cisplatin. The standard treatment of muscle invasive operable bladder cancer (T2–T4) used widely was radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph nodes dissection; the anatomical extent of pelvic lymphadenectomy has not accurately been defined so far. However, in the last decade, the treatment of tumors was improved by the introduction of chemotherapy as part of the management of the disease. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be considered at first, as standard treatment of choice, before local treatment for patients with good performance status (0–1) and good renal function–glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >60 mL/min. For patients treated with primary surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy is a valuable option in the case of lymph nodes involvement. This brief review would provide the evidence of the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the management of operable muscle invasive (T2–T4) bladder cancer.

High ORAI3 expression correlates with good prognosis in human muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 145994
Author(s):  
Jing Yan ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
Chang Lu ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
Guoliang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Human Muscle ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive

De Ritis ratio: how effectively can we use in bladder cancer management?

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 1453-1460
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yilmaz ◽  
Yusuf Sahin ◽  
Huseyin A Ates ◽  
Ibrahim Hacibey ◽  
Gokhan Cil
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pathological Subtypes

Background: This study aims to determine the relationship between the pre-operative De Ritis ratio (DRR) and bladder cancer (BCa) pathological subtypes. Results & methodology: A total of 248 patients with primary BCa were included. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify whether DRR can be a risk factor for the presence of carcinoma in situ (C IS). There was a statistically significant difference between the nonmuscle invasive BCa risk groups and the muscle-invasive BCa group according to the median DRR levels (p < 0.001). DRR was an independent risk factor for the presence of C IS in multivariate analysis (OR: 1.909; 95% CI: 0.030–0.196; p = 0.008). Discussion & conclusion: DRR can be considered as an independent risk factor for the presence of C IS in patients with primary BCa.

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