scholarly journals Structural Studies of the Lipopolysaccharide Isolated from Plesiomonas shigelloides O22:H3 (CNCTC 90/89)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6788
Author(s):  
Anna Maciejewska ◽  
Brygida Bednarczyk ◽  
Czeslaw Lugowski ◽  
Jolanta Lukasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Plesiomonas Shigelloides ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Specific Polysaccharide ◽  
Important Virulence Factor ◽  
Phosphate Groups

Plesiomonas shigelloides is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which causes foodborne intestinal infections, including gastroenteritis. It is one of the most frequent causes of travellers’ diarrhoea. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin), an important virulence factor of the species, is in most cases characterised by a smooth character, demonstrated by the presence of all regions, such as lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific polysaccharide, where the latter part determines O-serotype. P. shigelloides LPS is still a poorly characterised virulence factor considering a “translation” of the particular O-serotype into chemical structure. To date, LPS structure has only been elucidated for 15 strains out of 102 O-serotypes. Structures of the new O-specific polysaccharide and core oligosaccharide of P. shigelloides from the Czechoslovak National Collection of Type Cultures CNCTC 90/89 LPS (O22), investigated by chemical analysis, mass spectrometry, and 1H,13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, have now been reported. The pentasaccharide repeating unit of the O-specific polysaccharide is built of one d-QuipNAc and is rich in four d-GalpNAcAN residues. Moreover, the new core oligosaccharide shares common features of other P. shigelloides endotoxins, i.e., the lack of phosphate groups and the presence of uronic acids.

scholarly journals Complete Lipooligosaccharide Structure from Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens Sq02-Rifr and Study of Its Immunomodulatory Activity

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 646
Author(s):  
Rossella Di Guida ◽  
Angela Casillo ◽  
Antonietta Stellavato ◽  
Celeste Di Meo ◽  
Soichiro Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Seriola Quinqueradiata ◽  
Specific Polysaccharide

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are surface glycoconjugates embedded in the external leaflet of the outer membrane (OM) of the Gram-negative bacteria. They consist of three regions: lipid A, core oligosaccharide (OS), and O-specific polysaccharide or O-antigen. Lipid A is the glycolipid endotoxin domain that anchors the LPS molecule to the OM, and therefore, its chemical structure is crucial in the maintenance of membrane integrity in the Gram-negative bacteria. In this paper, we reported the characterization of the lipid A and OS structures from Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens Sq02-Rifr, which is a psychrotrophic Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of Seriola quinqueradiata. The immunomodulatory activity of both LPS and lipid A was also examined.

scholarly journals A Unique Sugar l-Perosamine (4-Amino-4,6-dideoxy-l-mannose) Is a Compound Building Two O-Chain Polysaccharides in the Lipopolysaccharide of Aeromonas hydrophila Strain JCM 3968, Serogroup O6

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dworaczek ◽  
Maria Kurzylewska ◽  
Magdalena A. Karaś ◽  
Monika Janczarek ◽  
Agnieszka Pękala-Safińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
O Antigen ◽  
Specific Polysaccharide ◽  
Exposed Part

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major glycolipid and virulence factor of Gram-negative bacteria, including Aeromonas spp. The O-specific polysaccharide (O-PS, O-chain, O-antigen), i.e., the surface-exposed part of LPS, which is a hetero- or homopolysaccharide, determines the serospecificity of bacterial strains. Here, chemical analyses, mass spectrometry, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy techniques were employed to study the O-PS of Aeromonas hydrophila strain JCM 3968, serogroup O6. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry revealed that the LPS of A. hydrophila JCM 3968 has a hexaacylated lipid A with conserved architecture of the backbone and a core oligosaccharide composed of Hep6Hex1HexN1HexNAc1Kdo1P1. To liberate the O-antigen, LPS was subjected to mild acid hydrolysis followed by gel-permeation-chromatography and revealed two O-polysaccharides that were found to contain a unique sugar 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-l-mannose (N-acetyl-l-perosamine, l-Rhap4NAc), which may further determine the specificity of the serogroup. The first O-polysaccharide (O-PS1) was built up of trisaccharide repeating units composed of one α-d-GalpNAc and two α-l-Rhap4NAc residues, whereas the other one, O-PS2, is an α1→2 linked homopolymer of l-Rhap4NAc. The following structures of the O-polysaccharides were established: O-PS1 →3)-α-l-Rhap4NAc-(1→4)-α-d-GalpNAc-(1→3)-α-l-Rhap4NAc-(1→ O-PS2 →2)-α-l-Rhap4NAc-(1→ The present paper is the first work that reveals the occurrence of perosamine in the l-configuration as a component of bacterial O-chain polysaccharides.

scholarly journals The Chemical Composition of Endotoxin Isolated from Intestinal Strain ofDesulfovibrio desulfuricans

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Lodowska ◽  
Daniel Wolny ◽  
Marzena Jaworska-Kik ◽  
Sławomir Kurkiewicz ◽  
Zofia Dzierżewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Specific Polysaccharide ◽  
Cellular Components

Desulfovibrio desulfuricansanaerobes are constituents of human alimentary tract microflora. There are suggestions that they take part in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and some gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Endotoxin is one of Gram-negative bacteria cellular components that influence these microorganisms pathogenicity. Endotoxin is a lipid-polisaccharide heteropolymer consisting of three elements: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific polysaccharide, also called antigen-O. The biological activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is determined by its structure. In this study, we show that rhamnose, fucose, mannose, glucose, galactose, heptose, and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid (Kdo) are constituents ofD. desulfuricansendotoxin oligosaccharide core and O-antigen. Lipid A of these bacteria LPS is composed of glucosamine disaccharide substituted by 3-acyloxyacyl residues: ester-bound 3-(dodecanoyloxy)tetradecanoic, 3-(hexadecanoyloxy)tetradecanoic acid, and amide-bound 3-(tetradecanoyloxy)tetradecanoic acid.

scholarly journals Glucosamine Found as a Substituent of Both Phosphate Groups in Bordetella Lipid A Backbones: Role of a BvgAS-Activated ArnT Ortholog

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (12) ◽  
pp. 4281-4290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Marr ◽  
Alina Tirsoaga ◽  
Didier Blanot ◽  
Rachel Fernandez ◽  
Martine Caroff
Keyword(s):  
Lipid A ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Phosphate Groups

ABSTRACT Endotoxins are amphipathic lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), major constituents of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. They consist of a lipid region, covalently linked to a core oligosaccharide, to which may be linked a repetitive glycosidic chain carrying antigenic determinants. Most of the biological activities of endotoxins have been associated with the lipid moiety of the molecule: unique to gram-negative bacteria, LPS is a ligand of the mammalian TLR4-MD2-CD14 pathogen recognition receptor complex. Lipid A preparations are often heterogeneous with respect to both the numbers and the lengths of fatty acids and the natures of substituents on the phosphate groups when present. The variants can significantly affect host immune responses. Nine species in the Bordetella genus have been described, and the fine LPS structures of seven of them have been published. In this report, lipids A from Bordetella pertussis Tohama I and B. bronchiseptica strain 4650 were further characterized and revealed to have a glucosamine substituting both lipid A phosphate groups of the diglucosamine backbone. These substitutions have not been previously described for bordetellae. Moreover, a B. pertussis transposon mutation that maps within a gene encoding a Bordetella ArnT (formerly PmrK) glycosyl transferase ortholog does not carry this substitution, thus providing a genetic basis for the modification. Reverse transcriptase PCR of this locus showed that it is Bvg regulated, suggesting that the ability of Bordetella to modify lipid A via this glucosamine modification is a potential virulence trait.

Structural analysis of the O-specific polysaccharide isolated from Plesiomonas shigelloides O51 lipopolysaccharide

2009 ◽  
Vol 344 (7) ◽  
pp. 894-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maciejewska ◽  
Jolanta Lukasiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Niedziela ◽  
Zbigniew Szewczuk ◽  
Czeslaw Lugowski
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Plesiomonas Shigelloides ◽  
Specific Polysaccharide

The Lipopolysaccharides of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Colony Types 1 and 4

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Perry ◽  
Virginia Daoust ◽  
Benito B. Diena ◽  
Fraser E. Ashton ◽  
Rebecca Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Mild Hydrolysis

The lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae grown in type 1 (T1) and 4 (T4) colony forms have been isolated. LPS from T4 colony type cells on mild hydrolysis gave a lipid A and a core oligosaccharide composed of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose, D-glucose, D-galactose, L-glycero-D-manno-heptose and 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid that appeared to be common to all the strains examined. LPS from T1 colony type cells on mild hydrolysis gave a lipid A and high molecular weight O polysaccharides which showed considerable differences in glycose composition for each strain examined. In those strains examined, T4 cells appear to produce a common 'R' type LPS whereas T1 cells produce an 'S' type LPS with structurally different O polysaccharide structures which probably account for serologically differentiated strains of N. gonorrhoeae.

scholarly journals The Activity of Lipid A and Core Components of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides in the Prevention of the Hypersensitive Response in Pepper

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 926-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari-Anne Newman ◽  
Michael J. Daniels ◽  
J. Maxwell Dow
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitive Response ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
The Core ◽  
Minimal Structure ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides

Pre-treatment of leaves of pepper (Capsicum annuum) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations from enteric bacteria and Xanthomonas campestris could prevent the hypersensitive response caused by an avirulent X. campestris strain. By use of a range of deep-rough mutants, the minimal structure in Salmonella LPS responsible for the elicitation of this effect was determined to be lipid A attached to a disaccharide of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonate; lipid A alone and the free core oligosaccharide from a Salmonella Ra mutant were not effective. For Xanthomonas, the core oligosaccharide alone had activity although lipid A was not effective. The results suggest that pepper cells can recognize different structures within bacterial LPS to trigger alterations in plant response to avirulent pathogens.

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