Species-Specific and Distance-Dependent Dispersive Behaviour of Forisomes in Different Legume Species

Forisomes are giant fusiform protein complexes composed of sieve element occlusion (SEO) protein monomers, exclusively found in sieve elements (SEs) of legumes. Forisomes block the phloem mass flow by a Ca2+-induced conformational change (swelling and rounding). We studied the forisome reactivity in four different legume species—Medicago sativa, Pisum sativum, Trifolium pratense and Vicia faba. Depending on the species, we found direct relationships between SE diameter, forisome surface area and distance from the leaf tip, all indicative of a developmentally tuned regulation of SE diameter and forisome size. Heat-induced forisome dispersion occurred later with increasing distance from the stimulus site. T. pratense and V. faba dispersion occurred faster for forisomes with a smaller surface area. Near the stimulus site, electro potential waves (EPWs)—overlapping action (APs), and variation potentials (VPs)—were linked with high full-dispersion rates of forisomes. Distance-associated reduction of forisome reactivity was assigned to the disintegration of EPWs into APs, VPs and system potentials (SPs). Overall, APs and SPs alone were unable to induce forisome dispersion and only VPs above a critical threshold were capable of inducing forisome reactions.

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Redescription of Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner) from India and Nepal

Nepalese Journal of Biosciences ◽

10.3126/njbs.v2i0.7491 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 64-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ram Bahadur Thapa

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

New Species ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Male Genitalia ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Zoological Nomenclature ◽

Northern India

Six new species of other stem flies infesting mostly legumes were also discovered under the genus Melanagromyza (stem flies) from Pantnagar, Northern India. These were: M. species new ex stems of Cassia sp. (proposed name M. pathaki new species); M. species new ex stems of Glycine max (Linn.) Merril. (proposed name M. glycini new species); M. species new ex stems of Medicago denticulata willd. (proposed name M. denticulata Willd. new species); M. species new ex stems of Pisum sativum Linn. (proposed name M. pisiphaga new species); M. species new ex stems of Trifolium pratense Linn,. (proposed name M. sehgali new species) and M. species new ex stems of Vicia faba Linn. (proposed name M. vicivora new species). New names have been proposed to them as per International rules of Zoological Nomenclature. Other stem flies redescribed by author include: Ophiomyia centrosematis de Meijere, Opmiormyia phaseoli (Tryon) and Ophiomyia cicerivora. More than one thousand male genitalia slides were prepared for this study. Variations in morphology and genitalia characters have been described between and within the species. Melanagromyza sojae (Zehtner) has been redescribed here. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v2i0.7491 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 2 : 64-70 (2012)

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STUDIES ON ASCOCHYTA IMPERFECTA PECK: PARASITIC STRAINS AMONG FIFTY ISOLATES FROM CANADIAN ALFALFA SEED

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b61-067 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 793-797 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

H. W. Mead ◽

M. W. Cormack

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Medicago Sativa ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Lotus Corniculatus ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Melilotus Officinalis ◽

Melilotus Alba ◽

Alfalfa Seed

Fifty isolates of Ascochyta imperfecta from alfalfa seed grown in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia produced varying degrees of infection on excised leaves of Medicago falcata, Medicago sativa (three strains), Melilotus alba, Melilotus officinalis, Trifolium pratense, Lotus corniculatus, Pisum sativum, and Vicia faba. F tests from analyses of variance of disease ratings showed that the differences in susceptibility between hosts and between strains of Medicago were highly significant. Among the 10 hosts and within the strains of Medicago, the interaction isolates × hosts was highly significant. Thus, specificity among the isolates was clearly demonstrated. This is interpreted to mean that parasitic strains existed among the 50 isolates.A. imperfecta was isolated from 50 to 70% of the seed samples from each province. The heaviest infestation was on seed from Manitoba, where the weather at harvest time was wet and where the crop overwintered in the field.

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DNA endoreplication level in endosperm and in cotyledons during seed development in three dicotyledonous species

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.1991.020 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (3-4) ◽

pp. 273-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kazimierz Marciniak

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Seed Development ◽

Dna Content ◽

Cellular Endosperm ◽

Dna Endoreplication ◽

Species Specific

The DNA content of nuclear and cellular endosperm and in cotyledons in the course of seed development in Helianthus annuus, Pisum sativum and Vicia faba was cytophotometrically measured after Faulgen's reaction. Helianthus annuus is characterized by the lowest endoreplication dynamics attaining a maximum DNA content of 48C in nuclear endosperm, which corresponds to four endoreplication rounds, and 16C DNA (three rounds) in cotyledons. In Pisum sativum cellular endosperm in the studied stages of seed development was absent and the highest DNA content in cotyledons was 512C DNA; this corresponds to eight endoreplication rounds. In Vicia faba, the maximum DNA endoreplication level was 1536C in nuclear endosperm, which corresponds to nine endoreplication rounds; in cotyledons the maximum DNA content was 64C (five rounds). In the course of seed development, differences in the dynamics of DNA endoreplication in throphic tissues of the examined species seem to be similar to differences in the endoreplication level in root and leaf parenchyma, but the DNA endoreplication level is much higher in throphic tissues. Therefore, the endoreplication pattern might be species-specific and genetically conditioned.

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Ethylene formation in Pisum sativum and Vicia faba protoplasts

Planta ◽

10.1007/bf00402866 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 160 (3) ◽

pp. 276-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Micha Guy ◽

Hans Kende

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Ethylene Formation

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Spatial location of photosystem pigment–protein complexes in thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts of Pisum sativum studied by chlorophyll fluorescence

Journal of Luminescence ◽

10.1016/j.jlumin.2006.01.148 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 122-123 ◽

pp. 301-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

F. Vacha ◽

F. Adamec ◽

J. Valenta ◽

M. Vacha

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Protein Complexes ◽

Spatial Location ◽

Thylakoid Membranes ◽

Pigment Protein Complexes

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XVII.—The Endodermis in Light-grown and Etiolated Shoots of the Leguminosæ: A Contribution to the Causal Study of Differentiation in the Plant

Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh ◽

10.1017/s0080456800019001 ◽

1935 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 409-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. Bond

Keyword(s):

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Related Species ◽

Structural Features ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Lens Esculenta ◽

Normal Shoot ◽

Casparian Strip ◽

Unpublished Work

Twelve years ago Priestley and Ewing (1923) reported that in certain plants, normally showing but little development of stem-endodermis, an extensive formation of this layer could be induced by etiolation. (Note: In this paper the term endodermis is used only when the layer shows characteristic structural features—in the present case the Casparian strip.) A later paper by Priestley (1926) dealt with the same subject. The specified plants with which this result was obtained consisted of four closely related species, namely, Vicia Faba, V. sativa*, Pisum sativum, and Lens esculenta*, and also Solanum tuberosum. (The statements relating to the species marked with an asterisk are based on unpublished work carried out at Leeds, kindly placed at the author's disposal by Professor J. H. Priestley.) In these plants a primary endodermis, though present only at the base of the normal shoot, was described as extending to a considerable height in the etiolated shoot. It was concluded that the absence of endodermis from the greater part of the shoot of these plants, when grown under normal conditions, arises from the inoperation, in the presence of light, of the mechanism forming the Casparian strip.

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Characterisation of Medicago truncatula CLE34 and CLE35 in nodulation control

10.1101/2020.07.31.231605 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Celine Mens ◽

April H. Hastwell ◽

Huanan Su ◽

Peter M. Gresshoff ◽

Ulrike Mathesius ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Sequence Homology ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Legume Species ◽

Mature Peptide ◽

Cle Peptides ◽

Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽

Cle Peptide ◽

Distinct Role

AbstractLegume plants form a symbiosis with N2-fixing soil rhizobia, resulting in new root organs called nodules that enable N2-fixation. Nodulation is a costly process that is tightly regulated by the host through Autoregulation of Nodulation (AON) and nitrate-dependent regulation of nodulation. Both pathways require legume-specific CLAVATA/ESR-related (CLE) peptides. Nitrogen-induced nodulation-suppressing CLE peptides have not previously been characterised in Medicago truncatula, with only rhizobia-induced MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 identified. Here, we report on novel peptides MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 in nodulation control pathways. The nodulation-suppressing CLE peptides of five legume species were classified into three clades based on sequence homology and phylogeny. This approached identified MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 and four new CLE peptide orthologues of Pisum sativum. Whereas MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 are induced by rhizobia, MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 respond to both rhizobia and nitrate. MtCLE34 was identified as a pseudogene lacking a functional CLE-domain. Overexpression of MtCLE12, MtCLE13 and MtCLE35 inhibits nodulation. Together, our findings indicate that MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 have a distinct role in AON, while MtCLE35 regulates nodule numbers in a rhizobia- and nitrate-dependent manner. MtCLE34 likely had a similar role to MtCLE35 but its function was lost due to a nonsense mutation resulting in the loss of the mature peptide.

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