scholarly journals Characterisation of Medicago truncatula CLE34 and CLE35 in nodulation control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine Mens ◽  
April H. Hastwell ◽  
Huanan Su ◽  
Peter M. Gresshoff ◽  
Ulrike Mathesius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Sequence Homology ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Mature Peptide ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Cle Peptide ◽  
Distinct Role

AbstractLegume plants form a symbiosis with N2-fixing soil rhizobia, resulting in new root organs called nodules that enable N2-fixation. Nodulation is a costly process that is tightly regulated by the host through Autoregulation of Nodulation (AON) and nitrate-dependent regulation of nodulation. Both pathways require legume-specific CLAVATA/ESR-related (CLE) peptides. Nitrogen-induced nodulation-suppressing CLE peptides have not previously been characterised in Medicago truncatula, with only rhizobia-induced MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 identified. Here, we report on novel peptides MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 in nodulation control pathways. The nodulation-suppressing CLE peptides of five legume species were classified into three clades based on sequence homology and phylogeny. This approached identified MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 and four new CLE peptide orthologues of Pisum sativum. Whereas MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 are induced by rhizobia, MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 respond to both rhizobia and nitrate. MtCLE34 was identified as a pseudogene lacking a functional CLE-domain. Overexpression of MtCLE12, MtCLE13 and MtCLE35 inhibits nodulation. Together, our findings indicate that MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 have a distinct role in AON, while MtCLE35 regulates nodule numbers in a rhizobia- and nitrate-dependent manner. MtCLE34 likely had a similar role to MtCLE35 but its function was lost due to a nonsense mutation resulting in the loss of the mature peptide.

scholarly journals Nitrate-Induced CLE Peptide Systemically Inhibits Nodulation in Medicago truncatula

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1456
Author(s):  
Maria Lebedeva ◽  
Mahboobeh Azarakhsh ◽  
Yaroslavna Yashenkova ◽  
Lyudmila Lutova
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Nitrate Treatment ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Cle Peptide ◽  
Plant Level

Legume plants form nitrogen-fixing nodules in symbiosis with soil bacteria rhizobia. The number of symbiotic nodules is controlled at the whole-plant level with autoregulation of nodulation (AON), which includes a shoot-acting CLV1-like receptor kinase and mobile CLE (CLAVATA3/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION-related) peptides that are produced in the root in response to rhizobia inoculation. In addition to rhizobia-induced CLE peptides, nitrate-induced CLE genes have been identified in Lotus japonicus and Glycine max, which inhibited nodulation when overexpressed. However, nitrate-induced CLE genes that systemically suppress nodulation in AON-dependent manner have not been identified in Medicago truncatula. Here, we found that MtCLE35 expression is activated by both rhizobia inoculation and nitrate treatment in M. truncatula, similarly to L. japonicus CLE genes. Moreover, we found that MtCLE35 systemically suppresses nodulation in AON-dependent manner, suggesting that MtCLE35 may mediate nitrate-induced inhibition of nodulation in M. truncatula.

scholarly journals Inoculation- and Nitrate-Induced CLE Peptides of Soybean Control NARK-Dependent Nodule Formation

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 606-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dugald E. Reid ◽  
Brett J. Ferguson ◽  
Peter M. Gresshoff
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Transgenic Roots ◽  
Nitrate Treatment ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Cle Peptide ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Sp

Systemic autoregulation of nodulation in legumes involves a root-derived signal (Q) that is perceived by a CLAVATA1-like leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase (e.g. GmNARK). Perception of Q triggers the production of a shoot-derived inhibitor that prevents further nodule development. We have identified three candidate CLE peptide-encoding genes (GmRIC1, GmRIC2, and GmNIC1) in soybean (Glycine max) that respond to Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation or nitrate treatment. Ectopic overexpression of all three CLE peptide genes in transgenic roots inhibited nodulation in a GmNARK-dependent manner. The peptides share a high degree of amino acid similarity in a 12-amino-acid C-terminal domain, deemed to represent the functional ligand of GmNARK. GmRIC1 was expressed early (12 h) in response to Bradyrhizobium-sp.-produced nodulation factor while GmRIC2 was induced later (48 to 72 h) but was more persistent during later nodule development. Neither GmRIC1 nor GmRIC2 were induced by nitrate. In contrast, GmNIC1 was strongly induced by nitrate (2 mM) treatment but not by Bradyrhizobium sp. inoculation and, unlike the other two GmCLE peptides, functioned locally to inhibit nodulation. Grafting demonstrated a requirement for root GmNARK activity for nitrate regulation of nodulation whereas Bradyrhizobium sp.-induced regulation was contingent on GmNARK function in the shoot.

scholarly journals The structure and activity of nodulation-suppressing CLE peptide hormones of legumes

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
April H. Hastwell ◽  
Peter M. Gresshoff ◽  
Brett J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Peptide Hormones ◽  
Negative Feedback Loops ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Cle Peptide ◽  
External Stimuli

Legumes form a highly-regulated symbiotic relationship with specific soil bacteria known as rhizobia. This interaction results in the de novo formation of root organs called nodules, in which the rhizobia fix atmospheric di-nitrogen (N2) for the plant. Molecular mechanisms that regulate the nodulation process include the systemic ‘autoregulation of nodulation’ and the local nitrogen-regulation of nodulation pathways. Both pathways are mediated by novel peptide hormones called CLAVATA/ESR-related (CLE) peptides that act to suppress nodulation via negative feedback loops. The mature peptides are 12–13 amino acids in length and are post-translationally modified from the C-terminus of tripartite-domain prepropeptides. Structural redundancy between the prepropeptides exists; however, variations in external stimuli, timing of expression, tissue specificity and presence or absence of key functional domains enables them to act in a specific manner. To date, nodulation-regulating CLE peptides have been identified in Glycine max (L.) Merr., Medicago truncatula Gaertn., Lotus japonicus (Regel) K.Larsen and Phaseolus vulgaris L. One of the L. japonicus peptides, called LjCLE-RS2, has been structurally characterised and found to be an arabinosylated glycopeptide. All of the known nodulation CLE peptides act via an orthologous leucine rich repeat (LRR) receptor kinase. Perception of the peptide results in the production of a novel, unidentified inhibitor signal that acts to suppress further nodulation events. Here, we contrast and compare the various nodulation-suppressing CLE peptides of legumes.

Variation in rDNA locus number and position among legume species and detection of 2 linked rDNA loci in the model Medicago truncatula by FISH

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Abirached-Darmency ◽  
Emilce Prado-Vivant ◽  
Liudmila Chelysheva ◽  
Thomas Pouthier
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Ribosomal Genes ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
45S Rdna ◽  
Model Legume ◽  
Comparative Maps ◽  
Rdna Loci ◽  
Locus Number

Within Fabaceae, legume species have a variable genome size, chromosome number, and ploidy level. The genome distribution of ribosomal genes, easily detectable by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), is a good tool for anchoring physical and genetic comparative maps. The organisation of 45S rDNA and 5S loci was analysed by FISH in the 4 closely related species: Pisum sativum, Medicago truncatula, Medicago sativa (2 diploid taxa), and Lathyrus sativus. The 2 types of rDNA arrays displayed interspecific variation in locus number and location, but little intraspecific variation was detected. In the model legume, M. truncatula, the presence of 2 adjacent 45S rDNA loci was demonstrated, and the location of the rDNA loci was independent of the general evolution of the genome DNA. The different parameters relative to clustering of the rDNA loci in specific chromosome regions and the possible basis of rDNA instability are discussed.Key words: ribosomal genes, FISH, Medicago species, Pisum sativum, Lathyrus sativus, rDNA mobility.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of sym28 and sym29 supernodulating mutants of pea (Pisum sativum L.) under complex inoculation with beneficial microorganisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zhukov ◽  
Evgeny Zorin ◽  
Aleksandr Zhernakov ◽  
Alexey Afonin ◽  
Gulnar Akhtemova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation

The garden pea (Pisum sativum L.), like most members of Fabaceae family, is capable of forming symbioses with beneficial soil microorganisms such as nodule bacteria (rhizobia), arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The autoregulation of nodulation (AON) system is known to play an important role in controlling both the number of nodules and the level of root colonization by AM via root-to-shoot signaling mediated by CLAVATA/ESR-related (CLE) peptides and their receptors. In the pea, mutations in genes Sym28 (CLV2-like) and Sym29 (CLV1-like), which encode receptors for CLE peptides, lead to the supernodulation phenotype, i.e., excessive nodule formation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the response of pea cv. ‘Frisson’ (wild type) and mutants P64 (sym28) and P88 (sym29) to complex inoculation with rhizobia, AM fungi and PGPB, with regard to biomass accumulation, yield and transcriptomic alterations. The plants were grown in quartz sand for 2 and 4 weeks after inoculation with either rhizobia (Rh) or complex inoculation with Rh + AM, Rh + PGPB, and Rh+AM+PGPB, and the biomass and yield were assessed. Transcriptome sequencing of whole shoots and roots was performed using a modified RNAseq protocol named MACE (Massive Analysis of cDNA Ends). In the experimental conditions, P88 (sym29) plants demonstrated the best biomass accumulation and yield, as compared to the wild type and P64 (sym28) plants, whereas P64 (sym28) had the lowest rate of biomass and seed yield. The transcriptome analysis showed that both supernodulating mutants more actively responded to biotic and abiotic factors than the wild-type plants and demonstrated increased expression of genes characteristic to late stages of nodule development. The roots of P64 (sym28) plants responded to AM+Rh treatment with upregulation of genes encoding plastid proteins, which can be connected with the activation of carotenoid biosynthesis (namely, the non-mevalonate pathway that takes place in root plastids). The more active response to symbionts in P88 (sym29) plants, as compared to cv. ‘Frisson’, was associated with counterregulation of transcripts involved in chloroplast functioning and development in leaves, which accompanies successful plant development in symbiotic conditions. Finally, the effect of retardation of plant aging upon mycorrhization on a transcriptomic level was recorded for cv. ‘Frisson’ but not for P64 (sym28) and P88 (sym29) mutants, which points towards its possible connection with the AON system. The results of this work link the plant’s autoregulation with the responsiveness to inoculation with beneficial soil microorganisms.

scholarly journals The CLE53–SUNN genetic pathway negatively regulates arbuscular mycorrhiza root colonization in Medicago truncatula

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (16) ◽  
pp. 4972-4984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Karlo ◽  
Clarissa Boschiero ◽  
Katrine Gram Landerslev ◽  
Gonzalo Sancho Blanco ◽  
Jiangqi Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
High Phosphorus ◽  
Peptide Modification ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Abstract Plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) engage in mutually beneficial symbioses based on a reciprocal exchange of nutrients. The beneficial character of the symbiosis is maintained through a mechanism called autoregulation of mycorrhization (AOM). AOM includes root-to-shoot-to-root signaling; however, the molecular details of AOM are poorly understood. AOM shares many features of autoregulation of nodulation (AON) where several genes are known, including the receptor-like kinase SUPER NUMERIC NODULES (SUNN), root-to-shoot mobile CLAVATA3/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION (ESR)-RELATED (CLE) peptides, and the hydroxyproline O-arabinosyltransferase ROOT DETERMINED NODULATION1 (RDN1) required for post-translational peptide modification. In this work, CLE53 was identified to negatively regulate AMF symbiosis in a SUNN- and RDN1-dependent manner. CLE53 expression was repressed at low phosphorus, while it was induced by AMF colonization and high phosphorus. CLE53 overexpression reduced AMF colonization in a SUNN- and RDN1 dependent manner, while cle53, rdn1, and sunn mutants were more colonized than the wild type. RNA-sequencing identified 700 genes with SUNN-dependent regulation in AMF-colonized plants, providing a resource for future identification of additional AOM genes. Disruption of AOM genes in crops potentially constitutes a novel route for improving AMF-derived phosphorus uptake in agricultural systems with high phosphorus levels.

Differential responses of the sunn4 and rdn1-1 super-nodulation mutants of Medicago truncatula to elevated atmospheric CO2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfa Qiao ◽  
Shujie Miao ◽  
Jian Jin ◽  
Ulrike Mathesius ◽  
Caixian Tang
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Total N ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Nodulation Mutants ◽  
Fixation Capacity

Abstract Background and Aims Nitrogen fixation in legumes requires tight control of carbon and nitrogen balance. Thus, legumes control nodule numbers via an autoregulation mechanism. ‘Autoregulation of nodulation’ mutants super-nodulate and are thought to be carbon-limited due to the high carbon-sink strength of excessive nodules. This study aimed to examine the effect of increasing carbon supply on the performance of super-nodulation mutants. Methods We compared the responses of Medicago truncatula super-nodulation mutants (sunn-4 and rdn1-1) and wild type to five CO2 levels (300-850 μmol mol -1). Nodule formation and N2 fixation were assessed in soil-grown plants at 18 and 42 days after sowing. Key results Shoot and root biomass, nodule number and biomass, nitrogenase activity and fixed-N per plant of all genotypes increased with increasing CO2 concentration and reached the maximum around 700 μmol mol -1. While the sunn-4 mutant showed strong growth-retardation compared to wild-type plants, elevated CO2 increased shoot biomass and total N content of rdn1-1 mutant up to two-fold. This was accompanied by a four-fold increase in nitrogen fixation capacity in the rdn1-1 mutant. Conclusions These results suggest that the super-nodulation phenotype per se did not limit growth. The additional nitrogen fixation capacity of the rdn1-1 mutant may enhance the benefit of elevated CO2 on plant growth and N2 fixation.

scholarly journals CLE peptide tri-arabinosylation and peptide domain sequence composition are essential for SUNN-dependent autoregulation of nodulation inMedicago truncatula

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nijat Imin ◽  
Neha Patel ◽  
Leo Corcilius ◽  
Richard J. Payne ◽  
Michael A. Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Composition ◽  
Domain Sequence ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Cle Peptide

scholarly journals Release of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. and Pisum sativum subsp. elatius (M. Bieb.) Asch. et Graebn. Seed Dormancy Tested in Soil Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1026
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Renzi ◽  
Jan Brus ◽  
Stergios Pirintsos ◽  
László Erdős ◽  
Martin Duchoslav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Bet Hedging ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Barrel Medic ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) and Pisum sativum subsp. elatius (wild pea) accessions originating from variable environmental conditions in the Mediterranean basin were used to study physical seed dormancy (PY) release. The effect of soil burial on PY release was tested on 112 accessions of medic and 46 accessions of pea over the period of 3 months in situ at three common gardens (Hungary, Spain and Greece) from 2017 through 2019. PY release after soil exhumation followed by experimental laboratory germination of remaining dormant seeds (wet, 25 °C, 21 days) were related to the environmental conditions of the common garden and macroclimatic variables of the site of origin of the accessions. Higher PY release was observed in buried seeds under humid rather than under dry and hot environments. Exposure of remaining dormant seeds to experimental laboratory conditions increased total PY release up to 70% and 80% in barrel medic and wild pea, respectively. Wild pea showed higher phenotypic plasticity on PY release than barrel medic, which had higher bet-hedging within-season. Wild pea showed lower bet-hedging among-season (PY < 10%) in relation to precipitation than barrel medic, which was more conservative (PY ≈ 20%). Observed variability suggests that these species have the capability to cope with ongoing climate change.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document