scholarly journals Effects of Berry Anthocyanins on Cognitive Performance, Vascular Function and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Intervention Studies in Humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6482
Author(s):  
Sanne Ahles ◽  
Peter J. Joris ◽  
Jogchum Plat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽  
Berry Anthocyanins

Supplementation with anthocyanins, which are a type of flavonoids mainly found in various berries, is hypothesized to be a promising approach to lower the risk of developing cognitive decline. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of dietary intervention trials describing effects of berry anthocyanins on cognitive performance in humans, while also addressing potential underlying mechanisms. A total of 1197 articles were identified through a systematic search, and 49 studies reporting effects on cognitive performance (n = 18), vascular function (n = 22), or cardiometabolic risk markers (n = 32) were included. Significant improvements were observed on memory, while some of the studies also reported effects on attention and psychomotor speed or executive function. Vascular function markers such as brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation were also affected and consistent evidence was provided for the beneficial effects of berry anthocyanins on endothelial function. Finally, studies reported improvements in blood pressure, but effects on metabolic risk markers (e.g. carbohydrate and lipid metabolism) were less consistent. In conclusion, this review provides evidence for the beneficial effects of berry anthocyanins on cognitive performance as memory improved. Whether observed anthocyanin-induced improvements in vascular function and blood pressure underlie beneficial effects on cognitive performance warrants further study.

scholarly journals The Effect of Long-Term Aronia melanocarpa Extract Supplementation on Cognitive Performance, Mood, and Vascular Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy, Middle-Aged Individuals

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2475
Author(s):  
Sanne Ahles ◽  
Yala R. Stevens ◽  
Peter J. Joris ◽  
David Vauzour ◽  
Jos Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Psychomotor Speed ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa

Cognitive decline is associated with lifestyle-related factors such as overweight, blood pressure, and dietary composition. Studies have reported beneficial effects of dietary anthocyanins on cognition in older adults and children. However, the effect of anthocyanin-rich Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME) on cognition is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of long-term supplementation with AME on cognitive performance, mood, and vascular function in healthy, middle-aged, overweight adults. In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel study, 101 participants either consumed 90 mg AME, 150 mg AME, or placebo for 24 weeks. The grooved pegboard test, number cross-out test, and Stroop test were performed as measures for psychomotor speed, attention, and cognitive flexibility. Mood was evaluated with a visual analogue scale, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was determined, and vascular function was assessed by carotid ultrasounds and blood pressure measurements. AME improved psychomotor speed compared to placebo (90 mg AME: change = −3.37; p = 0.009). Furthermore, 150 mg AME decreased brachial diastolic blood pressure compared to 90 mg AME (change = 2.44; p = 0.011), but not compared to placebo. Attention, cognitive flexibility, BDNF, and other vascular parameters were not affected. In conclusion, AME supplementation showed an indication of beneficial effects on cognitive performance and blood pressure in individuals at risk of cognitive decline.

Ruminant and industrial trans-fatty acids consumption and cardiometabolic risk markers: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bárbara Júlia Fonseca Verneque ◽  
Adriane Moreira Machado ◽  
Luciana de Abreu Silva ◽  
Aline Cristine Souza Lopes ◽  
Camila Kümmel Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

scholarly journals Relative Weight Gain Through Age 4 Years Is Associated with Increased Adiposity, and Higher Blood Pressure and Insulinemia at 4–5 Years of Age in Mexican Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (7) ◽  
pp. 1135-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivonne Ramirez-Silva ◽  
Juan A Rivera ◽  
Belem Trejo-Valdivia ◽  
Aryeh D Stein ◽  
Reynaldo Martorell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

AbstractBackgroundRapid early weight gain has been associated with increased risk of obesity and cardiometabolic alterations, but evidence in low and middle-income countries is inconclusive.ObjectiveWe evaluated the relation between relative weight gain from 1 to 48 mo with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors at 4–5 y of age, and determined if adiposity is a mediator for cardiometabolic alterations.MethodsWe studied 428 Mexican children with anthropometric and blood pressure (BP) information from birth to 5 y of age from POSGRAD (Prenatal Omega-3 fatty acid Supplementation and child GRowth And Development), of whom 334 provided measures of adiposity and cardiometabolic risk markers at 4 y. We estimated relative weight gain by means of conditional weight-for-height z scores for the age intervals 1–6, 6–12, 12–24, and 24–48 mo. Associations between relative weight gain and adiposity and cardiometabolic risk markers (lipid profile, triglycerides, insulin, glucose, and BP) were analyzed by multivariate multiple linear models and path analysis.ResultsA 1-unit increase in conditional weight-for-height z score within each age interval was positively associated with adiposity at 5 y, with coefficients of 0.43–0.89 for body mass index (BMI) z score, 1.08–3.65 mm for sum of skinfolds, and 1.21–3.87 cm for abdominal circumference (all P < 0.01). Positive associations were documented from ages 6 to 48 mo with systolic BP (coefficient ranges: 1.19–1.78 mm Hg; all P < 0.05) and from ages 12 to 48 mo with diastolic BP (1.28–0.94 mm Hg; P < 0.05) at 5 y. Conditional weight-for-height z scores at 12–24 and 24–48 mo of age were more strongly associated with adiposity and BP relative to younger ages. A unit increase in conditional weight-for-height z scores from 12 to 24 mo was associated with 14% higher insulin levels (P < 0.05) at 4 y. Path analyses documented that the associations of conditional weight gain with BP were mediated by BMI and sum of skinfolds.ConclusionRelative weight gain at most periods during the first 4 y of life was associated with greater adiposity and higher systolic and diastolic BP at 5 y. These associations with BP were mediated by adiposity. Relative weight gain from 12 to 24 mo was associated with increased serum insulin concentrations at 4 y, but there were no associations with lipid profiles or glucose concentration.

scholarly journals Long sedentary time is associated with worsened cardiometabolic risk markers among working adults in Eastern Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboma Motuma ◽  
Tesfaye Gobena ◽  
Kedir Teji Roba ◽  
Yemane Berhane ◽  
Alemayehu Worku
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Abstract This study aimed to examine the associations of sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk markers among working adults in Eastern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,200 participants. Data were collected using the World Health Organization NCD STEPS survey instrument, and the sedentary behavior questionnaire. The biochemical parameters were analyzed by using the Mindray BS-200 chemistry analyzer. STATA version 16.1 software was used for analysis. The associations between sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk markers controlling confounders were examined using linear regression models. An adjusted coefficient (β) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to report the results. P-value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. One hour per day increases in total sedentary time increases the average body mass index (β = 0.61kg/m2: 95% CI: 0.49, 0.71), waist circumference (β = 1.48cm: 95% CI:1.14-1.82), diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.87mmHg: 95% CI: 0.56-1.18), systolic blood pressure (β = 0.95mmHg: 95% CI: 0.45, 1.48), triglycerides (β = 7.07mg/dl: 95% CI: 4.01-10.14), total cholesterol (β = 3.52mg/dl: 95% CI: 2.02-5.02), fasting plasma glucose (β = 4.15mg/dl: 95% CI: 5.31-4.98) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 2.14mg/dl: 95% CI: 0.96-3.33). Long sedentary time is significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. Interventions to reduce sedentary time to decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases among working adults.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status and cardiometabolic risk markers in young Swedish children: a double-blind randomized clinical trial comparing different doses of vitamin D supplements

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-786
Author(s):  
Inger Öhlund ◽  
Torbjörn Lind ◽  
Olle Hernell ◽  
Sven-Arne Silfverdal ◽  
Per Liv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT Background Observational studies have linked low vitamin D status to unfavorable cardiometabolic risk markers, but double-blinded vitamin D intervention studies in children are scarce. Objectives The aim was to evaluate the effect of different doses of a vitamin D supplement on cardiometabolic risk markers in young healthy Swedish children with fair and dark skin. Methods Cardiometabolic risk markers were analyzed as secondary outcomes of a double-blind, randomized, milk-based vitamin D intervention trial conducted during late fall and winter in 2 areas of Sweden (latitude 63°N and 55°N, respectively) in both fair- and dark-skinned 5- to 7-y-old children. During the 3-mo intervention, 206 children were randomly assigned to a daily milk-based vitamin D3 supplement of either 10 or 25 µg or placebo (2 µg; only at 55°N). Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, apoA-I, apoB, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were analyzed and non–HDL cholesterol calculated at baseline and after the intervention. Results At baseline, serum 25(OH)D was negatively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (β = −0.194; 95% CI: −0.153, −0.013; and β = −0.187; 95% CI: −0.150, −0.011, respectively). At follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in any of the cardiometabolic markers between groups. Conclusions We could not confirm any effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipids, blood pressure, or CRP in healthy 5- to 7-y-old children. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01741324).

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