scholarly journals Immunoendocrine Dysregulation during Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Central Role of the Placenta

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8087
Author(s):  
Andrea Olmos-Ortiz ◽  
Pilar Flores-Espinosa ◽  
Lorenza Díaz ◽  
Pilar Velázquez ◽  
Carlos Ramírez-Isarraraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Endocrine Response ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Innate Defense ◽  
Harmful Effects

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a transitory metabolic condition caused by dysregulation triggered by intolerance to carbohydrates, dysfunction of beta-pancreatic and endothelial cells, and insulin resistance during pregnancy. However, this disease includes not only changes related to metabolic distress but also placental immunoendocrine adaptations, resulting in harmful effects to the mother and fetus. In this review, we focus on the placenta as an immuno-endocrine organ that can recognize and respond to the hyperglycemic environment. It synthesizes diverse chemicals that play a role in inflammation, innate defense, endocrine response, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis, all associated with different perinatal outcomes.

The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3061-3100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Lappas ◽  
Ursula Hiden ◽  
Gernot Desoye ◽  
Julia Froehlich ◽  
Sylvie Hauguel-de Mouzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

scholarly journals Dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in gestational diabetes mellitus: Is it related with adverse perinatal outcomes?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beril Gürlek ◽  
Murat Alan ◽  
Sabri Çolak ◽  
Özgür Önal ◽  
Özcan Erel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Total Thiol ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Objective: Aims of the study is to specify the significance of thiol/disulfide homeostasis in the aspect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and GDM-related complications. Material and Methods: This study is a prospective review of the data of 61 healthy and non-pregnant women, 58 healthy pregnant women, and 62 pregnant women with GDM. Results: The patients with gestational diabetes mellitus had significantly higher disulfide/native thiol and disulfide/total thiol concentrations than non-pregnant patients (p<0.001 for both) and healthy pregnant patients (p: 0.015 and p: 0.018, respectively). Besides, in GDM group had significantly lower native thiol/total thiol concentrations than non-pregnant patients and healthy pregnant patients (p<0.001 and p: 0.016, respectively). There were positive and significant correlations between disulfide levels and HbA1c concentrations (r=0.26, p: 0.042), and between disulfide and oral glucose tolerance test first hour concentrations (r=0.26, p: 0.039). The receiver operating characteristic curve analyses for native thiol, total thiol, and disulfide were unable to predict adverse perinatal outcomes in this cohort. Conclusion: The significantly higher concentrations of disulfide/native thiol and disulfide/total thiol in women with GDM could be considered as the presence of increased oxidative stress.  However, these markers failed to predict adverse perinatal outcomes. Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress; perinatal outcome; pregnancy; thiol/disulfide homeostasis

scholarly journals Role of nitrosative and oxidative stress on the development of gestational diabetes mellitus and their effect in GDM placenta

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lopez-Tinoco ◽  
Francisco Visiedo ◽  
Celeste Rosendo ◽  
Maria Belen Ojeda ◽  
Isabel Mateos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals The Role of Oxidative Stress in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (Preeclampsia, Gestational Hypertension) and Metabolic Disorder of Pregnancy (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wendy N. Phoswa ◽  
Olive P. Khaliq
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Body Tissues

Purpose of the Review.To highlight the role of oxidative stress in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and metabolic disorders of pregnancy (gestational diabetes mellitus). Recent Findings. In both preeclampsia (PE) and gestational hypertension (GH), oxidative stress leads to inadequate placental perfusion thus resulting in a hypoxic placenta, which generally leads to the activation of maternal systemic inflammatory response. In PE, this causes inflammation in the kidneys and leads to proteinuria. A proteinuria marker known as urinary 8-oxoGuo excretion is expressed in preeclampsia. In GDM, oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease, as a result of over secretion of insulin during pregnancy. This uncontrolled secretion of insulin results in the production of lipid peroxidation factors that also mask the secretion of antioxidants. Therefore, ROS becomes abundant at cellular level and prevents the cells from transporting glucose to body tissues. Summary. There is a need for more research investigating the role of oxidative stress, especially in obstetrics-related conditions. More studies are required in order to understand the difference between the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of PE versus GH since investigations on the differences in genetic aspects of each condition are lacking. Furthermore, research to improve diagnostic procedures for GDM in pregnancy is needed.

Paper of oxidative stress and placenta on the development of gestational diabetes mellitus

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lopez-Tinoco ◽  
Francisco Vilchez ◽  
Francisco Visiedo ◽  
Isabel Mateo ◽  
Carmen Segundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Diet and Nutritional Interventions with the Special Role of Myo-Inositol in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management. An Evidence-Based Critical Appraisal

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 2467-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Reyes-Muñoz ◽  
Federica Di Guardo ◽  
Michal Ciebiera ◽  
Ilker Kahramanoglu ◽  
Thozhukat Sathyapalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Dose Frequency ◽  
Nutritional Interventions

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy, represents one of the most common maternal-fetal complications during pregnancy and it is associated with poor perinatal outcomes. To date, GDM is a rising condition over the last decades coinciding with the ongoing epidemic of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Objective: The aim of this review is to discuss the role of diet and nutritional interventions in preventing GDM with the explanation of the special role of myo-inositol (MI) in this matter. Methods: We performed an overview of the most recent literature data on the subject with particular attention to the effectiveness of diet and nutritional interventions in the prevention of GDM with the special role of MI. Results: Nutritional intervention and physical activity before and during pregnancy are mandatory in women affected by GDM. Moreover, the availability of insulin-sensitizers such as different forms of inositol has dramatically changed the scenario, allowing the treatment of several metabolic diseases, such as those related to glucose dysbalance. Although the optimal dose, frequency, and form of MI administration need to be further investigated, diet supplementation with MI appears to be an attractive alternative for the GDM prevention as well as for the reduction of GDM-related complications. Conclusion: More studies should be conducted to prove the most effective nutritional intervention in GDM. Regarding the potential effectiveness of MI, further evidence in multicenter, randomized controlled trials is needed to draw firm conclusions.

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