scholarly journals Optimization of Apta-Sensing Platform for Detection of Prostate Cancer Marker PCA3

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12701
Author(s):  
Sarra Takita ◽  
Alexei Nabok ◽  
Anna Lishchuk ◽  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Covalent Binding ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Affinity Constant ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Rna Transcript

This work is a continuation of our research into the development of simple, reliable, and cost-effective methods for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). The proposed method is based on the electrochemical detection of the PCA3 biomarker of PCa (long non-coded RNA transcript expressed in urine) using a specific aptamer labeled with a redox group (methylene blue). The electrochemical measurements (cyclic voltammograms) obtained from electrodes functionalized with the aptamer were complemented in this work by another biosensing technique: total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE). In addition to proving the concept of the detection of PCA3 in low concentrations down to 90 pM, this study improved our understanding of the processes by which PCA3 binds to its specific aptamer. The high specificity of the binding of PCA3 to the aptamer was assessed by studying the binding kinetics, which yielded an affinity constant (KD) of 2.58 × 10−9 M. Additional XPS measurements confirmed the strong covalent binding of aptamers to gold and showed spectral features associated with PCA3 to aptamer binding.

scholarly journals A DNA-modified hydrogel for simultaneous purification, concentration and detection of targeted cfDNA in human serum

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 3407-3415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinglu Jiang ◽  
Chenggui Zhao ◽  
Xiaobo Fan ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Polyacrylamide Hydrogel ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Modified Polyacrylamide

A cost-effective device based on DNA-modified polyacrylamide hydrogel was designed to simultaneously catch, purify, concentrate, and detect targeted cfDNA by electrophoresis at low concentrations with high specificity and selectivity.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 Using Specific RNA-Based Aptamer Labelled with Ferrocene

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Alexei Nabok ◽  
Hisham Abu-Ali ◽  
Sarra Takita ◽  
David P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Affinity Constant ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Cathodic Current ◽  
Transfer Resistance

This paper reports on a feasibility study of electrochemical in-vitro detection of prostate cancer biomarker PCA3 (prostate cancer antigen 3) in direct assay with specific RNA aptamer labelled with a redox group (ferrocene) and immobilized on a screen-printed gold electrode surface. The cyclic voltammograms and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods yield encouraging results on the detection of PCA3 in a range of concentrations from 1 μg/mL down to 0.1 ng/mL in buffer solutions. Both anodic and cathodic current values in cyclic voltammograms measurements and charge transfer resistance values in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments correlate with the PCA3 concentration in the sample. Kinetics studies of the binding of the PCA3 to our aptamer demonstrated high specificity of the reaction with a characteristic affinity constant of approximately 4·10−10 molar. The results of this work provide a background for the future development of novel, highly sensitive and cost-effective diagnostic methodologies for prostate cancer detection.

531: Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR for AMACR Distinguishes Prostate Cancer with High Specificity From Benign Lesions

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 145-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schostak ◽  
Hans Krause ◽  
Jens Köllermann ◽  
Mark Schrader ◽  
Bernd Straub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Benign Lesions

scholarly journals Prostate Cancer Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers’ Clinical Utility in Diagnosis and Prognosis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3373
Author(s):  
Milena Matuszczak ◽  
Jack A. Schalken ◽  
Maciej Salagierski
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men worldwide. The current gold standard for diagnosing PCa relies on a transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic core needle biopsy indicated after detection changes in a digital rectal examination (DRE) and elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in the blood serum. PSA is a marker produced by prostate cells, not just cancer cells. Therefore, an elevated PSA level may be associated with other symptoms such as benign prostatic hyperplasia or inflammation of the prostate gland. Due to this marker’s low specificity, a common problem is overdiagnosis, which leads to unnecessary biopsies and overtreatment. This is associated with various treatment complications (such as bleeding or infection) and generates unnecessary costs. Therefore, there is no doubt that the improvement of the current procedure by applying effective, sensitive and specific markers is an urgent need. Several non-invasive, cost-effective, high-accuracy liquid biopsy diagnostic biomarkers such as Progensa PCA3, MyProstateScore ExoDx, SelectMDx, PHI, 4K, Stockholm3 and ConfirmMDx have been developed in recent years. This article compares current knowledge about them and their potential application in clinical practice.

scholarly journals The binding of human complement proteins C5, factor B, β1H and properdin to complement fragment C3b on zymosan

1981 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
R G DiScipio
Keyword(s):  
Protein Modification ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Covalent Binding ◽  
Association Constants ◽  
Affinity Constant ◽  
Distinct Region ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Complement Proteins ◽  
Competition Binding

The covalent binding of complement fragment C3b to zymosan by the action of the alternative-pathway C3 convertase and the reversible binding of several complement proteins (component C5, factor B, beta 1H and properdin) to C3b on zymosan have been investigated. When C3b is deposited on zymosan after activation by a surface-bound C3 convertase, the C3b molecules are deposited in foci around the C3 convertase site, with an average of 30 C3b molecules per site. The association constants of C5, factor B, beta 1H, and properdin for C3b bound to zymosan have been determined. The association constants ranged from 6.5 x 10(-5) M-1 for factor B to 2.9 x 10(7) M-1 for properdin. An approximate stoichiometry of 1 : 1 for C5, factor B, and properdin binding to C3b has been observed. Curvilinear Scatchard plots were observed for beta 1H binding to C3b, with the maximal extrapolated ratio of beta 1H to C3b of 0.32. Physiological amounts of properdin increase by 7-fold the affinity constant for factor B binding to C3b with no alteration in the stoichiometry. Similarly, physiological amounts of factor B increase the affinity constant of properdin to C3b about 4-fold with only a small measured difference in stoichiometry. Competition binding studies and protein modification suggest that C5, factor B, beta 1H, and properdin each bind to a distinct region on C3b.

scholarly journals DNA aptamer-based detection of prostate cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Jolly ◽  
Nello Formisano ◽  
Pedro Estrela
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dna Aptamer ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Promising Tool

AbstractThe use of aptamers in biosensing has attracted considerable attention as an alternative to antibodies because of their unique properties such as long-term stability, cost-effectiveness and adjustability to various applications. Among cancers, the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the greatest concerns for ageing men worldwide. One of the most commonly used biomarkers for PCa is prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which can be found in elevated levels in patients with cancer. This review presents the gradual transition of research from antibody-based to aptamerbased biosensors, specifically for PSA. A brief description on aptamer-based biosensing for other PCa biomarkers is also presented. Special attention is given to electrochemical methods as analytical techniques for the development of simple, sensitive and cost-effective biosensors. The review also focuses on the different surface chemistries exploited for fabrication and their applications in clinical samples. The use of aptamers represents a promising tool for the development of point-ofcare biosensors for the early detection of prostate cancer. In view of the unmatched upper hand of aptamers, future prospects are also discussed, not only in the point-of-care format but also in other novel applications.

scholarly journals A Novel Cesaro Fractal EBG-based Sensing Platform for Dielectric Characterization of Liquids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Muhammad Qasim Mehmood ◽  
Kashif Riaz ◽  
Amna Zubair ◽  
Ali Arif
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Dielectric Characterization ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Dielectric Constant And Loss ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Rms Error ◽  
Measured Sensitivity

<p>This paper presents a compact, cost-effective, and contactless fractal modified EBG-based microwave sensing platform for dielectric characterization of liquids by analyzing the variation in the reflection coefficient of an antenna. The reported design is composed of a triangular-shaped antenna (0.323λ­<sub>o </sub>x 0.323λ­<sub>o</sub>) placed over a 3 x 3 array of Cesaro fractal based EBG plane (0.7λ­<sub>o</sub> x 0.7λ­<sub>o</sub>) operating at 2.45 GHz. A significant enhancement of the E-field in the sensing region has been achieved with the incorporation of Cesaro fractals in the EBG plane which results in increased sensitivity and compactness. To validate its performance, absolute solutions of butan-1-ol, methanol, and water are loaded, and a maximum measured sensitivity of 0.875% and a maximum quality factor of 90.05 is achieved. Moreover, a maximum RMS error in retrieved values of dielectric constant and loss tangent of liquid under test is found to be 1.092% and 0.813%, respectively. Our demonstrated EBG-based sensor has a compact footprint with good precision, affordability, and ease of operation in detecting liquids for microwave sensing applications. </p><p><br></p>

scholarly journals Respiratory Tularemia: Francisella Tularensis and Microarray Probe Designing

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ranjbar ◽  
Payam Behzadi ◽  
Caterina Mammina
Keyword(s):  
Dna Microarray ◽  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Microarray Technology ◽  
Microarray Probe ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Oligo Microarray

Background:Francisella tularensis(F. tularensis) is the etiological microorganism for tularemia. There are different forms of tularemia such as respiratory tularemia. Respiratory tularemia is the most severe form of tularemia with a high rate of mortality; if not treated. Therefore, traditional microbiological tools and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are not useful for a rapid, reliable, accurate, sensitive and specific diagnosis. But, DNA microarray technology does. DNA microarray technology needs to appropriate microarray probe designing.Objective:The main goal of this original article was to design suitable long oligo microarray probes for detection and identification ofF. tularensis.Method:For performing this research, the complete genomes ofF. tularensissubsp.tularensisFSC198,F. tularensissubsp.holarcticaLVS,F. tularensissubsp.mediasiatica,F. tularensissubsp.novicida(F. novicidaU112), andF. philomiragiasubsp.philomiragiaATCC 25017 were studiedviaNCBI BLAST tool, GView and PanSeq Servers and finally the microarray probes were produced and processedviaAlleleID 7.7 software and Oligoanalyzer tool, respectively.Results:In thisin silicoinvestigation, a number of long oligo microarray probes were designed for detecting and identifyingF. tularensis. Among these probes, 15 probes were recognized as the best candidates for microarray chip designing.Conclusion:Calibrated microarray probes reduce the biasis of DNA microarray technology as an advanced, rapid, accurate and cost-effective molecular diagnostic tool with high specificity and sensitivity. Professional microarray probe designing provides us with much more facility and flexibility regarding preparation of a microarray diagnostic chip.

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