scholarly journals Linking Theories, Past Practices, and Archaeological Remains of Movement through Ontological Reasoning

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Nuninger ◽  
Philip Verhagen ◽  
Thérèse Libourel ◽  
Rachel Opitz ◽  
Xavier Rodier ◽  
...  

The amount of information available to archaeologists has grown dramatically during the last ten years. The rapid acquisition of observational data and creation of digital data has played a significant role in this “information explosion”. In this paper, we propose new methods for knowledge creation in studies of movement, designed for the present data-rich research context. Using three case studies, we analyze how researchers have identified, conceptualized, and linked the material traces describing various movement processes in a given region. Then, we explain how we construct ontologies that enable us to explicitly relate material elements, identified in the observed landscape, to the knowledge or theory that explains their role and relationships within the movement process. Combining formal pathway systems and informal movement systems through these three case studies, we argue that these systems are not hierarchically integrated, but rather intertwined. We introduce a new heuristic tool, the “track graph”, to record observed material features in a neutral form which can be employed to reconstruct the trajectories of journeys which follow different movement logics. Finally, we illustrate how the breakdown of implicit conceptual references into explicit, logical chains of reasoning, describing basic entities and their relationships, allows the use of these constituent elements to reconstruct, analyze, and compare movement practices from the bottom up.

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-210
Author(s):  
Ada Milea

"This article looks at the major differences in the reception of the sounds of a musical fragment, depending on the personal experience of each individual and his profession. The musicians relate to the sound universe guided by the constituent elements of the scores, and the actors look for connections between sounds, gestures, words, characters, and stage situations. They can approach music in other ways than musicians and remember the melodic lines or create accompaniments by making connections with the context in which they find themselves. In some examples that the article offers, the studied actors demonstrate that sound can become music even in the absence of the vocal or rhythmic qualities of the performers. Other examples refer to the way in which the personality and creativity of artists have a significant role in creating songs or the sound support they need. Keywords: music-theatre, performing arts, music, musical training "


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-150
Author(s):  
Nikolett Mihaly

Abstract Background: The identity and utility research carries significant role in the modern economics. There are financial outputs, if we can moderate appropriate the student’s and worker’s identities. Objectives: The paper examines the possible use of the utility model and theoretical principles of Akerlof and Kranton (2000, 2002) in higher education. The examined aspects are utility, identity and role. Methods/Approach: The paper aims at employing the model of Akerlof in higher education and how the terms identity and utility can be interpreted in this environment. Results: To sum up, we can say that while case studies and certain experiments seem to justify the model of Akerlof and Kranton, there are few scientific results in higher education to rely on that prove the relationship between identity and utility. Conclusions: It can be deduced that the identity of students has some economic impacts. Institutional policy can increase not only the success of its students but also their income through identity changes.


Author(s):  
Jennifer Shutek

This paper argues that images, and specifically agricultural images, play a significant role in the imaginings of the Israeli and Palestinian communities. Agriculture has symbolic and material value among Palestinians and Israelis, and contributes to identities and land claims made by Zionist and Palestinian organizations. Anderson’s discussion of nation building emphasizes the primacy of print in the imagination of a community; this paper highlights non-textual elements of nation building via case studies of the creation and dissemination of propaganda posters by the Jewish National Fund and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. A survey of propagandistic agricultural images reveals the shared symbols used by Palestinians and Israelis in forging identities and exclusive claims to land. Despite being common symbols from a shared past, agricultural images are crucial in creating and perpetuating a divide between Israelis and Palestinians, and in arguing for organic links between each group and the land of Palestine-Israel.


2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Strategic forecasting is seen as a rebirth of long-range planning, albeit with new methods and theories. Firms should make the building of strategic forecasting capability a priority. Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.


2021 ◽  
Vol 119 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-250
Author(s):  
Tamsin Blaxter
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Pei-Di Shen ◽  
Tsang-Hsiung Lee ◽  
Chia-Wen Tsai ◽  
Yi-Fen Chen

This study is an exploratory investigation of the enabling roles of knowledge management for integrated circuit (IC) Designers, Distributors, and Manufacturers. This study explores the different enabling roles in terms of knowledge creation, storage/retrieval, transfer and application when businesses implement knowledge management in upstream, midstream, and downstream firms in the IC industry. Three cases, Winbond, Worldpeace, and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) were studied and analyzed systemically to illustrate the findings and insights in this study. The findings in this study point out that IC designers may focus more on knowledge storage, while IC distributors pay more attention to knowledge application and IC Manufacturers emphasize knowledge creation. The necessity to implement knowledge management in the distribution industry is also emphasized in this study. Moreover, the reasons for the different enabling roles are presented in the ‘Insights from Case Studies’ section of the paper.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72
Author(s):  
Jiming Liu

This article outlines the scope of the people-oriented Wisdom Web, which would enable users to gain and share practical wisdom and seamless knowledge. It highlights the motivation and benefits of such a paradigm, demonstrating how it could drive knowledge creation as well as scientific and social evolution and development. The new paradigm of Autonomy-Oriented Computing is discussed. Furthermore, it provides several representatives research themes as well as promising research directions in this grand undertaking, with illustrative case studies.


Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Huggett

The availability and accessibility of digital data are increasingly significant in the creation of archaeological knowledge with, for example, multiple datasets being brought together to perform extensive analyses that would not otherwise be possible. However, this makes capturing the silences in those data—what is absent as well as present, what is unknown as well as what is known—a critical challenge for archaeology in terms of the suitability and appropriateness of data for subsequent reuse. This paper reverses the usual focus on knowledge and considers the role of ignorance—the lack of knowledge, or nonknowledge—in archaeological data and knowledge creation. Examining aspects of archaeological practice in the light of different dimensions of ignorance, it proposes ways in which the silences, the range of unknowns, can be addressed within a digital environment and the benefits which may accrue.


2010 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyoshi Yamazaki ◽  
Katsuhiro Umemoto

Healthcare is a knowledge-intensive service provided by professionals, such as medical doctors, nurses, and pharmacists. Clinical-pathways are used by many healthcare organisations (HCOs) as a tool for performing the healthcare process, sharing and utilising knowledge from different professionals. In this paper, case studies were performed at two HCOs that use clinical-pathways actively in the healthcare process. Theoretical model construction, sharing, utilisation, and creation of the knowledge by different professionals, were tested by the case study of two HCOs which use clinical pathways actively. The theoretical model was a knowledge creation model which creates new knowledge continuously. In this theoretical model, clinical-pathways are suggested to be an effective tool for knowledge management in healthcare.


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