scholarly journals Nitrido Technetium-99 m Core in Radiopharmaceutical Applications: Four Decades of Research

Inorganics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolzati ◽  
Dolmella
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Nitrido Complexes ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relevant Role

The knowledge on element 43 (Tc) of the periodic table, built over the years through the contributions given by the close relationship between chemistry and nuclear medicine, allowed the development of new and increasingly effective radiopharmaceuticals useful both as perfusion and target specific imaging agents for SPECT (single photon emission tomography). Among the manifold Tc-compounds, Tc(V) nitrido complexes played a relevant role in the search for new technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals, providing efficient labeling procedures that can be conveniently exploited for the design and synthesis of agents, also incorporating small organic molecules or peptides having defined structural features. With this work, we present an overview of four decades of research on the chemistry and on the nuclear medicine applications of Tc(V) nitrido complexes.

scholarly journals Recent applications of nuclear medicine in diagnostics: II part

2013 ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Giorgio Treglia ◽  
Ernesto Cason ◽  
Giorgio Fagioli
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction: Positron-emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are effective diagnostic imaging tools in several clinical settings. The aim of this article (the second of a 2-part series) is to examine some of the more recent applications of nuclear medicine imaging techniques, particularly in the fields of neurology, cardiology, and infection/inflammation. Discussion: A review of the literature reveals that in the field of neurology nuclear medicine techniques are most widely used to investigate cognitive deficits and dementia (particularly those associated with Alzheimer disease), epilepsy, and movement disorders. In cardiology, SPECT and PET also play important roles in the work-up of patients with coronary artery disease, providing accurate information on the state of the myocardium (perfusion, metabolism, and innervation). White blood cell scintigraphy and FDG-PET are widely used to investigate many infectious/inflammatory processes. In each of these areas, the review discusses the use of recently developed radiopharmaceuticals, the growth of tomographic nuclear medicine techniques, and the ways in which these advances are improving molecular imaging of biologic processes at the cellular level.

scholarly journals New Radionuclides and Technological Advances in SPECT and PET Scanners

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6183
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. van der Meulen ◽  
Klaus Strobel ◽  
Thiago Viana Miranda Lima
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Silicon Photomultipliers ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Rubidium 82

Developments throughout the history of nuclear medicine have involved improvements in both instrumentation and radionuclides, which have been intertwined. Instrumentation developments always occurred during the search to improving devices’ sensitivity and included advances in detector technology (with the introduction of cadmium zinc telluride and digital Positron Emission Tomography—PET-devices with silicon photomultipliers), design (total body PET) and configuration (ring-shaped, Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), Compton camera). In the field of radionuclide development, we observed the continual changing of clinically used radionuclides, which is sometimes influenced by instrumentation technology but also driven by availability, patient safety and clinical questions. Some areas, such as tumour imaging, have faced challenges when changing radionuclides based on availability, when this produced undesirable clinical findings with the introduction of unclear focal uptakes and unspecific uptakes. On the other end of spectrum, further developments of PET technology have seen a resurgence in its use in nuclear cardiology, with rubidium-82 from strontium-82/rubidium-82 generators being the radionuclide of choice, moving away from SPECT nuclides thallium-201 and technetium-99m. These continuing improvements in both instrumentation and radionuclide development have helped the growth of nuclear medicine and its importance in the ever-evolving range of patient care options.

scholarly journals 99MTc-PSMA – radionuclide imaging of prostate cancer: an innovative diagnostic direction in nuclear medicine

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
P. Korol ◽  
M. Tkachenko ◽  
A. Voloshin
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Clinical Workflow ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
Total Body

The literature review considers the prospects for the use of SPECT and PET imaging with 99mTc-PSMA as an innovative method for diagnosing prostate cancer. SPECT studies with 111In-PSMA-I have further expanded the scope of modern therapeutic concepts aimed at PSMA. However, the inherent limitations associated with 111In preclude the wider clinical use of 111In-PSMA-I and T, in addition to studies confirming the concept, in small cohorts of patients. The total body clearance of 99mTc-PSMA-I and S is relatively slow, which results in a relatively late clearance in the abdominal region. However, the accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in previously identified areas of tumor lesions steadily grows over time due to the prolonged presence of an intact indicator in the blood and its internalization into tumor cells with high PSMA expression. In a delayed period, an excellent lesion-background ratio is obtained due to the synergistic effect of stable uptake of 99mTc-PSMA-I and S in tumor tissue and the continuation of the clearance of background activity. Several alternative therapeutic approaches have been implemented to provide a universal molecular platform for labeling with diagnostic (123I / 124I, 68Ga) and therapeutic radionuclide (131I, 177Lu). Baseline data on endoradiotherapeutic use of 131I-MIP-1095, 177Lu-DKFZ-617 and 177Lu-PSMA-I and T in patients with metastatic prostate cancer demonstrate the prospects of molecular and morphological treatment. Thus, the aim of this work was to adapt the general concept of the indicator with the requirements of 99mTc. The availability and ease of preparation of 99mTc-PSMA indicators is fully compatible with the daily clinical workflow. In this regard, a lyophilized kit for the routine manufacture of 99mTc-PSMA-I and S appears to be available and reliable, which facilitates the distribution and production of new effective radiopharmaceuticals for clinical use in urology and, in particular, nuclear medicine. Key words: nuclear medicine, prostate cancer, single-photon emission computed tomography, prostate-specific membrane antigen.

scholarly journals Nuclear medicine imaging technique in the erectile dysfunction evaluation: a mini-review

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (spe) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Godinho Ribeiro ◽  
Regina Moura ◽  
Rosane de Figueiredo Neves ◽  
Jean Pierre Spinosa ◽  
Mario Bernardo-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

Functional imaging with positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography is capable of visualizing subtle changes in physiological function in vivo. Erectile dysfunction(ED) diminishes quality of life for affected men and their partners. Identification of neural substrates may provide information regarding the pathophysiology of types of sexual dysfunction originating in the brain. The aim of this work is to verify the approaches of the nuclear medicine techniques in the evaluation of the erectile function/disfunction. A search using the words ED and nuclear medicine, ED and scintigraphy, ED and spect and ED and pet was done in the PubMed. The number of citations in each subject was determined. Neuroimaging techniques offer insight into brain regions involved in sexual arousal and inhibition. To tackle problems such as hyposexual disorders or ED caused by brain disorders, it is crucial to understand how the human brain controls sexual arousal and penile erection.

Use of 99mTc-HMPAO in Evaluating Cerebrovascular Events in the Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: Relationship to Cognitive Function

2015 ◽  
Vol 1084 ◽  
pp. 501-505
Author(s):  
Nataliya Yu. Efimova ◽  
Vladimir I. Chernov ◽  
Irina Yu. Efimova ◽  
Yuriy B. Lishmanov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Brain

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of brain tomoscintigraphy with 99mTc-HMPAO in the evaluation of cerebral blood flow in the patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), as well as the study of the relationship of brain perfusion and cognitive function. The study included 54 patients with MS who have undergone perfusion single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) of the brain and neuropsychological testing before and after antihypertensive therapy. Thus, brain SPECT with 99mTc-HMPAO in the patients with MS provides an opportunity to diagnose diffuse disorders of cerebral circulation in the different regions of the brain, leading to cognitive dysfunction in these patients. Close relationship between the parameters of cerebral perfusion and cognitive performance status of the patients was identified.

Nuclear Medicine Applications in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Diseases: The Added Value of Hybrid Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 025-045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Iyer ◽  
A. Stanescu ◽  
Marguerite Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Response Monitoring ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures

AbstractThe introduction of diphosphonates in the 1970s revolutionized not only nuclear medicine but musculoskeletal imaging as well, providing functional assessment of entities such as osteomyelitis, trauma, and osseous metastatic disease. Although rarely the first-line imaging modality used today, nuclear medicine procedures continue to play a pivotal role in the evaluation of musculoskeletal diseases in children, providing whole-body assessment of disease involvement. More recently, the introduction of technologies such as single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), as well as newer positron-emitting tracers such as 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose and sodium 18F-fluorine, particularly when combined with CT (positron emission tomography/CT), have injected new life into the older established techniques and expanded the application of nuclear medicine imaging into new arenas. This article discusses the utility of standard nuclear medicine procedures as they apply to children with musculoskeletal disorders, focusing on the added value of and indications for SPECT/CT. Subsequently, we discuss the expanding role of positron-emitting agents in infection, trauma, and for the diagnosis, staging, and therapeutic response monitoring of children with malignant bone and soft tissue tumors. Differences between disease processes encountered in children as compared with adults are discussed; developmental variants that can, but should not, be confused with disease are illustrated. The need for pediatric-specific protocols is addressed.

scholarly journals Nuclear Medicine Imaging in Neuroblastoma: Current Status and New Developments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Atia Samim ◽  
Godelieve A.M. Tytgat ◽  
Gitta Bleeker ◽  
Sylvia T.M. Wenker ◽  
Kristell L.S. Chatalic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Disease Extent

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children. At diagnosis, approximately 50% of patients present with metastatic disease. These patients are at high risk for refractory or recurrent disease, which conveys a very poor prognosis. During the past decades, nuclear medicine has been essential for the staging and response assessment of neuroblastoma. Currently, the standard nuclear imaging technique is meta-[123I]iodobenzylguanidine ([123I]mIBG) whole-body scintigraphy, usually combined with single-photon emission computed tomography with computed tomography (SPECT-CT). Nevertheless, 10% of neuroblastomas are mIBG non-avid and [123I]mIBG imaging has relatively low spatial resolution, resulting in limited sensitivity for smaller lesions. More accurate methods to assess full disease extent are needed in order to optimize treatment strategies. Advances in nuclear medicine have led to the introduction of radiotracers compatible for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in neuroblastoma, such as [124I]mIBG, [18F]mFBG, [18F]FDG, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA peptides, [18F]F-DOPA, and [11C]mHED. PET has multiple advantages over SPECT, including a superior resolution and whole-body tomographic range. This article reviews the use, characteristics, diagnostic accuracy, advantages, and limitations of current and new tracers for nuclear medicine imaging in neuroblastoma.

scholarly journals Theranostics: New Era in Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceuticals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanchal Deep Kaur ◽  
Koushlesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Anil Sahu ◽  
Rajnikant Panik ◽  
Pankaj Kashyap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Current Scenario

Malignancy and many inflammatory diseases have become a major concern for mankind over the years. The conventional therapy of these diseases lacks the effectiveness of the better diagnosis and targeted treatment of these diseases, but nuclear medicine can be regarded as a savior in the current scenario. Over the years, radioactivity of radioisotopes has been employed for treatment of many diseases. Nuclear medicines came up with radiopharmaceuticals that impart the ability to destroy specific diseased cells with high-energy-emitting radionuclides. Moreover, the emergence of theranostics, which is a combination of single drug used both for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purpose, has added a new feather in the field of nuclear medicines for providing a specific and personalized treatment to the patient. The current chapter discusses about techniques used for imaging of these radionuclides for better therapy and diagnosis of the root cause of the concerned disease by positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT as well as the advantages and disadvantages associated with them. It also describes about applications of theranostics and nuclear imaging in cancer treatment and their future perspective.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document