scholarly journals Acute Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Lemongrass Essential Oil and Their Components against the Granary Weevil, Sitophilus granarius

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Angelica Plata-Rueda ◽  
Gabriela Da Silva Rolim ◽  
Carlos Frederico Wilcken ◽  
José Cola Zanuncio ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Sitophilus Granarius ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Granary Weevil ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Lemongrass Essential Oil ◽  
Different Doses

In the present work, we evaluate the toxic and repellent properties of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC. ex Nees) Stapf.) essential oil and its components against Sitophilus granarius Linnaeus as an alternative to insecticide use. The lethal dose (LD50 and LD90), survivorship, respiration rate, and repellency on adults of S. granarius exposed to different doses of lemongrass oil and some of its components were evaluated. The chemical composition of the essential oil was found to have the major components of neral (24.6%), citral (18.7%), geranyl acetate (12.4%), geranial (12.3%), and limonene (7.55%). Lemongrass essential oil (LD50 = 4.03 µg·insect–1), citral (LD50 = 6.92 µg·insect–1), and geranyl acetate (LD50 = 3.93 µg·insect–1) were toxic to S. granarius adults. Survivorship was 99.9% in insects not exposed to lemongrass essential oil, decreasing to 57.6%, 43.1%, and 25.9% in insects exposed to LD50 of essential oil, citral, and geranyl acetate, respectively. The insects had low respiratory rates and locomotion after exposure to the essential oil, geranyl acetate, and citral. Our data show that lemongrass essential oils and their components have insecticidal and repellent activity against S. granarius and, therefore, have the potential for application in stored grain pest management schemes.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Infra-Red Irradiations on the Survival of Granary Weevil Sitophilus granarius: Bioefficacy and Sustainability

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Sándor Keszthelyi ◽  
Helga Lukács ◽  
Ferenc Pál-Fám
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Sitophilus Granarius ◽  
Progeny Production ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Granary Weevil ◽  
Activity Peak ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Important Pest

Sitophilus granarius (L.) is an important pest of stored grain worldwide. In recent years, sustainable methods against it have received attention as grain stock protective means. Our aim was to obtain information about the efficacy of infrared irradiation (IR) against S. granarius in laboratory conditions. The change in adult-activity and median lethal dose (LD50) triggered by IR in S. granarius was examined. The insecticidal efficacy in the infested grains was also analyzed at 12, 24, 48, and 72h following exposure to IR (250W), and the progeny-production was assessed 45 days upon the treatment. Based on our findings, total mortality ensued in a grain stock of 50 g at 412 s and a for 100 g grain at 256 s. A significant increase in S. granarius mortality could be observed in the higher grain weight regime, which can be accounted for by the higher heat-absorbance of objects with higher weight. The activity of pests immediately after the beginning of IR increased and subsequently became moderated. The observation of activity-peak brought about by irradiation contribute to the optimization of chemical intervention. This treatment could provide an effective and sustainable technique in integrated pest management.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Waktu Ekstraksi, Rasio Bahan/Pelarut, dan Daya Microwave Terhadap Hasil Ekstraksi Minyak Serai Dapur dengan Bantuan Gelombang Mikro

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Venitalitya A. S. Augustia ◽  
Naufal Charfadz ◽  
Rizki Akbar ◽  
Diana
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Lemongrass Oil ◽  
Oil Density ◽  
Lemongrass Essential Oil

Lemongrass, one type of source of essential oils, is widely cultivated in Indonesia. There are several methods for extracting the essential oils from lemongrasses, such as hydro-distillation, steam distillation, soxhlet extraction, extraction with supercritical fluids, ultrasonic extraction, and microwave-assisted hydro-distillation. In this study, microwave-assisted hydro-distillation was used as the extraction method. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of extraction time (60 minutes, 75 minutes, and 90 minutes), lemongrass/solvent ratio (1:4 g/mL and 1:5 g/mL), and microwave power (500 watt and 600 watt) on quantity and quality of lemongrass essential oil. The essential oils obtained were analyzed in the form of calculation of the essential oil density, yield, and GC-MS analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the density of the extracted lemongrass oil ranged from 0.880 g/mL – 0.920 g/mL at a temperature of 30 oC, with the highest yield ranging from 0.0044% – 0.0046% in samples with a material/solvent ratio of 1:5 g/mL. The components found in lemongrass oil were Z-citral, geranyl acetate, geraniol.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil from Coriandrum sativum Seeds against Tribolium confusum and Callosobruchus maculatus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Khani ◽  
Tahere Rahdari
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Tribolium Confusum ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Stored Grain

The biological activity of essential oil extracted from coriander, Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae), seeds against adults of Tribolium confusum Duval (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Fumigant toxicity was assessed at 27±1°C and 65±5% R.H., in dark condition. Dry seeds of the plant were subject to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The composition of essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The predominant components in the oil were linalool (57.57%) and geranyl acetate (15.09%). The mortality of 1–7-day-old adults of the insect pests increased with concentration from 43 to 357 μL/L air and with exposure time from 3 to 24 h. In the probit analysis, LC50 values (lethal concentration for 50% mortality) showed that C. maculatus (LC50 = 1.34 μL/L air) was more susceptible than T. confusum (LC50 = 318.02 μL/L air) to seed essential oil of this plant. The essential oil of C. sativum can play an important role in stored grain protection and reduce the risks associated with the use of synthetic insecticides.

scholarly journals Lemongrass Essential Oil Components with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mukarram ◽  
Sadaf Choudhary ◽  
Mo Ahamad Khan ◽  
Palmiro Poltronieri ◽  
M. Masroor A. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Lemongrass Essential Oil

The prominent cultivation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) relies on the pharmacological incentives of its essential oil. Lemongrass essential oil (LEO) carries a significant amount of numerous bioactive compounds, such as citral (mixture of geranial and neral), isoneral, isogeranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate, citronellal, citronellol, germacrene-D, and elemol, in addition to other bioactive compounds. These components confer various pharmacological actions to LEO, including antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. These LEO attributes are commercially exploited in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food preservations industries. Furthermore, the application of LEO in the treatment of cancer opens a new vista in the field of therapeutics. Although different LEO components have shown promising anticancer activities in vitro, their effects have not yet been assessed in the human system. Hence, further studies on the anticancer mechanisms conferred by LEO components are required. The present review intends to provide a timely discussion on the relevance of LEO in combating cancer and sustaining human healthcare, as well as in food industry applications.

scholarly journals Lemongrass Essential Oil Components with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mukarram ◽  
Sadaf Choudhary ◽  
Mo Ahamad Khan ◽  
Palmiro Poltronieri ◽  
M. Masroor A. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Lemongrass Essential Oil

The prominent cultivation of lemongrass relies on the pharmacological incentives of its essential oil. The lemongrass essential oil (LEO) has a significant amount of citral (mixture of geranial and neral), isoneral, isogeranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate, citronellal, citronellol, germacrene-D, and elemol in addition to numerous other bioactive compounds. These components confer various medicinal activities to LEO including antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. These attributes are commercially exploited in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food preservations industries. Furthermore, the employment of LEO in the treatment of cancer opens a new vista in the field of therapeutics. Although different LEO components have shown promising anticancer activities in vitro, these effects have not been assessed yet in humans. Further studies on the anticancer mechanisms exerted by lemongrass components are required. The present review intends to provide a timely discussion on the relevance of lemongrass extracts in cancer and health treatment, and in food industry applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document