scholarly journals Western Corn Rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) in Europe: Current Status and Sustainable Pest Management

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Renata Bažok ◽  
Darija Lemić ◽  
Francesca Chiarini ◽  
Lorenzo Furlan
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte ◽  
The Eu

Western corn rootworm (WCR), or Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, became a very serious quarantine maize pest in Europe in the mid-1990s. Between 1995 and 2010, European countries were involved in international projects to share information and plan common research for integrated pest management (IPM) implementation. Since 2011, however, common efforts have declined, and an overview of WCR population spread, density, and research is in serious need of update. Therefore, we retained that it was necessary to (1) summarize the research activities carried out in the last 12 years in various countries and the research topics addressed, and analyze how these activities have contributed to IPM for WCR and (2) present the current distribution of WCR in the EU and analyze the current population levels in different European countries, focusing on different management strategies. A review of scientific papers published from 2008 to 2020, in addition to direct interviews with experts in charge of WCR management in a range of European countries, was conducted. Over the past 12 years, scientists in Europe have continued their research activities to investigate various aspects of WCR management by implementing several approaches to WCR control. A considerable amount of new knowledge has been produced, contributing to the development of pest management strategies applicable in EU farming systems. Among the 10 EU countries analyzed, there is no country reporting economic damage on a large scale. Thanks to intensive research leading to specific agricultural practices and the EU Common Agricultural Policy, there are crop-rotation-based solutions that can adequately control this pest avoiding insecticide use.

scholarly journals Inheritance and Fitness Costs of Cry3Bb1 Resistance in Diapausing Field Strains of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 2873-2882
Author(s):  
Ram B Shrestha ◽  
Aaron J Gassmann
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte

Abstract Field-evolved resistance to Cry3Bb1 corn by western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Colleoptera: Chrysomellidae), has been reported in field populations in Iowa, Illinois, Nebraska, and Minnesota. Inheritance and fitness costs associated with Cry3Bb1 resistance have been determined for non-diapausing laboratory strains of western corn rootworm with either laboratory-selected resistance or field-derived resistance. However, information on inheritance and fitness costs of Cry3Bb1 resistance in the diapausing field populations is lacking. In this study, we determined the inheritance of Cry3Bb1 resistance for four diapausing field strains of western corn rootworm using plant-based bioassays. We also determined the fitness costs for eight diapausing field populations in a greenhouse experiment. We found that Cry3Bb1 resistance was an autosomal trait and that the inheritance of resistance was mostly non-recessive; however, there was some variation in the dominance of Cry3Bb1 resistance. We did not find evidence of fitness costs affecting survival to adulthood, developmental rate, or adult dry mass. However, we did detect a fitness cost affecting adult size. The results of this study will add to the current understanding of field-evolved resistance to Cry3Bb1 corn by western corn rootworm and help in developing better strategies to manage resistance.

scholarly journals Prediction of adult western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) emergence

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
T. Středa ◽  
O. Vahala ◽  
H. Středová
Keyword(s):  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte

The sum of effective temperatures (SET) of adult western corn rootworm (WCR) occurrence was determined based on several criteria. The risk of WCR occurrence was mapped, and the areas of continuous reproduction of WCR in the Czech Republic were identified. The daily soil SET was observed until the initial adult WCR occurrence, and it ranged from 414 degree days (DD) when the lower threshold temperature (LTT) was 12.5°C at 0.02 m depth to 719 DD (LTT of 10°C at a depth of 0.05 m). The daily air SET ranged from 415 DD (LTT 12.5°C at a height of 2 m) to 726 DD (LTT of 10°C at a height of 0.05 m).  

scholarly journals Survey of bacteria associated with western corn rootworm life stages reveals no difference between insects reared in different soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton C. Ludwick ◽  
Aaron C. Ericsson ◽  
Lisa N. Meihls ◽  
Michelle L. J. Gregory ◽  
Deborah L. Finke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Different Soils

Abstract Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) is a serious pest of maize (Zea mays L.) in North America and parts of Europe. With most of its life cycle spent in the soil feeding on maize root tissues, this insect is likely to encounter and interact with a wide range of soil and rhizosphere microbes. Our knowledge of the role of microbes in pest management and plant health remains woefully incomplete, yet that knowledge could play an important role in effective pest management strategies. For this study, insects were reared on maize in soils from different locations. Insects from two different laboratory colonies (a diapausing and a non-diapausing colony) were sampled at each life stage to determine the possible core bacteriome. Additionally, soil was sampled at each life stage and resulting bacteria were identified to determine the possible contribution of soil to the rootworm bacteriome, if any. We analyzed the V4 hypervariable region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes with Illumina MiSeq to survey the different species of bacteria associated with the insects and the soils. The bacterial community associated with insects was significantly different from that in the soil. Some differences appear to exist between insects from non-diapausing and diapausing colonies while no significant differences in community composition existed between the insects reared on different soils. Despite differences in the bacteria present in immature stages and in male and female adults, there is a possible core bacteriome of approximately 16 operational taxonomic units (i.e., present across all life stages). This research may provide insights into Bt resistance development, improved nutrition in artificial rearing systems, and new management strategies.

Identification of sensilla involved in taste mediation in adult western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte)

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwester Chyb ◽  
Herbert Eichenseer ◽  
Benedict Hollister ◽  
Christopher A. Mullin ◽  
James L. Frazier
Keyword(s):  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document