Temporal Variation Dominates in Local Carabid Beetle Communities in Korean Mountains

Spatial and temporal variation in ecological environments may result in spatial and temporal variation in communities. Temporal studies of biodiversity are essential for forecasting future changes in community structure and ecosystem function. Therefore, determining the mechanisms that drive temporal change in communities remains an important and interesting challenge in ecology. We quantified spatial and temporal variations in carabid beetle communities and site-specific environmental factors for 5 years at nine study sites on three mountains in the Baekdudaegan Mountain Range, Korea. Carabid beetle communities exhibited significant temporal variation, which was larger than spatial variations between and within mountains. Environmental factors mostly varied between sites within mountains. Community variation was only weakly associated with environmental factors at wide scales, i.e., between sites on three mountains, but was strongly associated at narrow spatial scales, i.e., between sites within one mountain. Our results indicate that temporal variation in communities occurs in response to variations in the local climate, and that the patterns of temporal variation differ between mountains. Thus, temporal surveys of insect communities and climates at local scales are important for predicting temporal changes in the communities.

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Local climate mediates spatial and temporal variation in carabid beetle communities in three forests in Mount Odaesan, Korea

Ecological Entomology ◽

10.1111/een.12370 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 184-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

YONGHWAN PARK ◽

JONGKUK KIM ◽

TEAWOONG JANG ◽

HEEMUN CHAE ◽

YASUOKI TAKAMI

Keyword(s):

Temporal Variation ◽

Carabid Beetle ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Local Climate

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Spatial and temporal variation in community composition of herbivorous insects on Neoboutonia macrocalyx in a primary tropical rain forest

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467413000151 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 229-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kaisa Heimonen ◽

Jeremiah S. Lwanga ◽

Marko Mutanen ◽

Tommi Nyman ◽

Heikki Roininen

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Community Composition ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Herbivorous Insects ◽

Herbivorous Insect ◽

Insect Communities ◽

Study Sites

Abstract:Spatial and temporal variation of tropical insect communities has rarely been studied, although such variation influences estimates of global species richness. Therefore, we compared spatial and temporal variation of herbivorous insect communities on Neoboutonia macrocalyx trees among seven sites over 1 y in a primary tropical rain forest in Kibale National Park, Uganda. The distance between the study sites varied from 4.8 to 31.2 km and altitudinal differences ranged from 20 to 242 m. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) revealed significant spatial changes in community composition of the herbivorous insects and study sites differed also in insect abundance (6.9–26.2 individuals m−2 of leaf area). This is likely to be caused by differences in vegetation, altitude and microclimate among the study sites. The similarity of insect species composition was negatively correlated with geographic and altitudinal distances among sites and positively correlated with the similarity of tree community composition. Species richness varied significantly between sampling dates, ranging from 33 to 41 species. Also community compositions changed between sampling dates, which likely follows from marked seasonal changes in climate and the phenology of other host plants used by the generalist insect species also living on Neoboutonia macrocalyx. In general our study supports the idea of high variability of herbivorous insect communities in primary rain forests even at a small spatial scale. This should be considered when estimations of insect biodiversity are made.

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Environmental factors – spatial and temporal variation of chironomid communities in oceanic island streams (Azores archipelago)

Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology ◽

10.1051/limn/2011048 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 325-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Pedro Miguel Raposeiro ◽

Ana Cristina Costa ◽

Samantha Jane Hughes

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Oceanic Island ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Azores Archipelago

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Spatial and temporal variation in socio-economic and environmental factors relevant to mortality and morbidity in Hong Kong

10.5353/th_b5731090 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Ka-man, Carmen Lee

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Mortality And Morbidity

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Impact of different habitat parameters on carabid beetle assemblages in selected areas of a forest-field landscape in Poland – 10 years of data

ARPHA Conference Abstracts ◽

10.3897/aca.2.e37134 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

Author(s):

Axel Schwerk ◽

Agata Jojczyk ◽

Izabela Dymitryszyn

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

Pine Forest ◽

Carabid Beetle ◽

Organic Layer ◽

Individual Study ◽

Biomass Removal ◽

Beetle Assemblages ◽

Study Sites ◽

The Impact

Species diversity in a given landscape depends to a high degree on its habitat diversity. However, the specificity of different environmental factors may play a different role and individual habitats may undergo changes in time (succession). Moreover, some large-scale environmental factors may affect the habitats in the same way but differ from year to year. A long-term study was carried out with the aim to study the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of individual study site over the years and the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of the set of all study sites in selected years. the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of individual study site over the years and the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of the set of all study sites in selected years. In order to deal with this task, the carabid beetles assemblages on different study sites in a forest-field landscape in Poland were collected using pitfall traps over a period of ten years (2009-2018). The sites were a planted pine forest (12 years old in 2009), a planted pine forest (31 years old in 2009), a naturally-regenerated pine stand (about 10 years old in 2009), a naturally-regenerated pine forest (about 67 years old in 2009), an naturally regenerated pine forest with a share of oak, beech and birch (about 82 years old in 2009), two irregularly-mown sites without biomass removal, and a regularly-mown site with biomass removal. With respect to individual study sites the impact of the factors age (year of the study), temperature and rainfall in the year of inventory, and temperature and rainfall in the preceding year was tested. The impact of the factors age (stand age in the respective year), carbon in the organic layer, carbon in the mineral soil and distance from the nearest forest was analyzed for the set of all study sites in the years 2011 and 2015. Altogether, 9208 individuals belonging to 77 species were collected. Redundancy Analyses (RDA) indicated that on the individual study sites the year of study was generally positively correlated with temperature and negatively with rainfall, indicating increasing temperatures and decreasing amount of rainfall over the years. For study sites in forest stands in most cases the rainfall was a significant factor, especially the rainfall in the year before the inventory. For study sites in open areas both rainfall and temperature showed significant results. Using Canonical Correspondence Analyses (CCA) for analyzing the impact of the factors on carabid assemblages of the full set of study sites in 2011 and 2015, it was shown that age was positively correlated with carbon in the organic layer, but not with carbon in the mineral soil. Significant factors were carbon in the organic layer and distance from the nearest forest. The results of the study enlarge our knowledge on the impact of different predictable and stochastic environmental factors on the formation of carabid beetle assemblages in rural landscapes.

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Below-Cloud Evaporation of Precipitation Isotope over Mountain-oasis-desert in Arid Area

Journal of Hydrometeorology ◽

10.1175/jhm-d-20-0170.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Guofeng Zhu ◽

Zhuanxia Zhang ◽

Huiwen Guo ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

Leilei Yong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Variation ◽

Water Cycle ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Arid Area ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Cloud Base ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Mountain Areas ◽

Local Climate ◽

Shiyang River Basin

AbstractAs raindrops fall from the cloud base to the ground, evaporation below those clouds affects the rain’s isotope ratio, reduces precipitation in arid areas and impacts the local climate. Therefore, in arid areas with scarce water resources and fragile ecological environments, the below-cloud evaporation is an issue of great concern. Based on 406 event-based precipitation samples collected from 9 stations in the Shiyang river basin (SRB) in the northwest arid area, GMWL and LMWL are compared and the Stewart model is used to study the effect of spatial and temporal variation of below-cloud evaporation on isotope values in different geomorphic units at the SRB. Furthermore, factors influencing below-cloud evaporation are analyzed. The results show that (1) the change of d-excess (Δd) in precipitation at the SRB and the residual ratio of raindrop evaporation (f) vary in time and space. With regards to temporal variation, the intensity of below-cloud evaporation is described by: summer < autumn < winter < spring. Regarding spatial variation, the below-cloud evaporation in mountain areas is weaker than in oases and deserts. The intensity of below-cloud evaporation in mountain areas increases with decreasing altitude, and the below-cloud evaporation in oasis and desert areas is affected by local climatic conditions. (2) Below-cloud evaporation is also affected by local transpiration evaporation, especially around reservoirs. Reservoirs increase the relative humidity of the air nearby, weakening below-cloud evaporation. This study deepens our understanding of the water cycle process in arid areas.

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Spatial and temporal variation in pH, alkalinity and conductivity in surface runoff and groundwater for the Upper River Severn catchment

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-1-697-1997 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 697-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

T. Hill ◽

C. Neal

Keyword(s):

Temporal Variation ◽

Ground Water ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Flow Conditions ◽

Land Usage ◽

Load Analysis ◽

Stream Waters ◽

Upland Catchments

Abstract. Measurements of pH, alkalinity and electrical conductivity are used to examine the extent of the spatial and temporal variation in stream and ground water chemistry for the Upper Severn catchment, Plynlimon. Wide temporal variations in stream waters broadly reflect flow conditions and complex soil and ground water interactions but not soil type, land usage or geology. The results have major implications for the use of critical load analysis and the development and application of models in upland catchments. They point to the value of field measurements for assessing the environmental management of upland catchments, rather than the present use of over simplistic or inappropriate models.

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The effects of spatial and temporal replicate sampling on eDNA metabarcoding

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.7335 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e7335 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kevin K. Beentjes ◽

Arjen G. C. L. Speksnijder ◽

Menno Schilthuizen ◽

Marten Hoogeveen ◽

Berry B. van der Hoorn

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽

Taxonomic Diversity ◽

Time Frame ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Small Scale ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Population Turnover

Background The heterogeneous nature of environmental DNA (eDNA) and its effects on species detection and community composition estimates has been highlighted in several studies in the past decades. Mostly in the context of spatial distribution over large areas, in fewer occasions looking at spatial distribution within a single body of water. Temporal variation of eDNA, similarly, has mostly been studied as seasonality, observing changes over large periods of time, and often only for small groups of organisms such as fish and amphibians. Methods We analyzed and compared small-scale spatial and temporal variation by sampling eDNA from two small, isolated dune lakes for 20 consecutive weeks. Metabarcoding was performed on the samples using generic COI primers. Molecular operational taxonomic unit (MOTUs) were used to assess dissimilarities between spatial and temporal replicates. Results Our results show large differences between samples taken within one lake at one point in time, but also expose the large differences between temporal replicates, even those taken only 1 week apart. Furthermore, between-site dissimilarities showed a linear correlation with time frame, indicating that between-site differences will be inflated when samples are taken over a period of time. We also assessed the effects of PCR replicates and processing strategies on general patterns of dissimilarity between samples. While more inclusive PCR replicate strategies lead to higher richness estimations, dissimilarity patterns between samples did not significantly change. Conclusions We conclude that the dissimilarity of temporal replicates at a 1 week interval is comparable to that of spatial replicate samples. It increases, however, for larger time intervals, which suggests that population turnover effects can be stronger than community heterogeneity. Spatial replicates alone may not be enough for optimal recovery of taxonomic diversity, and cross-comparisons of different locations are susceptible to inflated dissimilarities when performed over larger time intervals. Many of the observed MOTUs could be classified as either phyto- or zooplankton, two groups that have gained traction in recent years as potential novel bio-indicator species. Our results, however, indicate that these groups might be susceptible to large community shifts in relatively short periods of time, highlighting the need to take temporal variations into consideration when assessing their usability as water quality indicators.

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