Hypertension and Related Comorbidities as Potential Risk Factors for COVID-19 Hospitalization and Severity: A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study

The independent role of hypertension for COVID-19 outcomes in the population remains unclear. We aimed to estimate the independent effect of hypertension and hypertension-related conditions, i.e., cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and chronic kidney diseases, as potential risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalization and severe COVID-19 (i.e., intensive care unit admission or death) in the population. The risk for severe COVID-19 among hospitalized patients was also evaluated. A Spanish population-based cohort of people aged 25–79 years was prospectively followed from March to May 2020 to identify hospitalizations for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Poisson regression was used to estimate the adjusted relative risk (aRR) for COVID-19 hospitalization and severe COVID-19 among the whole cohort, and for severe COVID-19 among hospitalized patients. Of 424,784 people followed, 1106 were hospitalized by COVID-19 and 176 were severe cases. Hypertension was not independently associated with a higher risk of hospitalization (aRR 0.96, 95% CI 0.83–1.12) nor severe COVID-19 (aRR 1.12, 95% CI 0.80–1.56) in the population. Persons with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and chronic kidney diseases were at higher risk for COVID-19 hospitalization (aRR 1.33, 95% CI 1.13–1.58; aRR 1.41, 95% CI 1.04–1.92; and aRR 1.52, 95% CI 1.21–1.91; respectively) and severe COVID-19 (aRR 1.61, 95% CI 1.13–2.30; aRR 1.91, 95% CI 1.13–3.25; and aRR 1.78, 95% CI 1.14–2.76; respectively). COVID-19 hospitalized patients with cerebrovascular diseases were at higher risk of mortality (aRR 1.80, 95% CI 1.00–3.23). The current study shows that, in the general population, persons with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and chronic kidney diseases, but not those with hypertension only, should be considered as high-risk groups for COVID-19 hospitalization and severe COVID-19.

Download Full-text

Mood Disorders in Late Life: A Population-based Analysis of Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Consequences in Community-dwelling Older Adults in Ontario: Troubles de l’humeur en âge avancé : Une analyse dans la population de la prévalence, des facteurs de risque et des conséquences chez des adultes âgés vivant en milieu communautaire en Ontario

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743720927812 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (9) ◽

pp. 630-640

Author(s):

Rachel Strauss ◽

Paul Kurdyak ◽

Richard H. Glazier

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mood Disorder ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Late Life ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Self Report ◽

Term Care ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Objective: Mental health issues in late life are a growing public health challenge as the population aged 65 and older rapidly increases worldwide. An updated understanding of the causes of mood disorders and their consequences in late life could guide interventions for this underrecognized and undertreated problem. We undertook a population-based analysis to quantify the prevalence of mood disorders in late life in Ontario, Canada, and to identify potential risk factors and consequences. Method: Individuals aged 65 or older participating in 4 cycles of a nationally representative survey were included. Self-report of a diagnosed mood disorder was used as the outcome measure. Using linked administrative data, we quantified associations between mood disorder and potential risk factors such as demographic/socioeconomic factors, substance use, and comorbidity. We also determined associations between mood disorders and 5-year outcomes including health service utilization and mortality. Results: The prevalence of mood disorders was 6.1% (4.9% among males, 7.1% among females). Statistically significant associations with mood disorders included younger age, female sex, food insecurity, chronic opioid use, smoking, and morbidity. Individuals with mood disorders had increased odds of all consequences examined, including placement in long-term care (adjusted odds ratio [OR] =2.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71 to 3.02) and death (adjusted OR = 1.35; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.63). Conclusions: Mood disorders in late life were strongly correlated with demographic and social/behavioral factors, health care use, institutionalization, and mortality. Understanding these relationships provides a basis for potential interventions to reduce the occurrence of mood disorders in late life and their consequences.

Download Full-text

Risk of bleeding in hospitalized patients on anticoagulant therapy: Prevalence and potential risk factors

European Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.ejim.2019.01.008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 17-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Albert R. Dreijer ◽

Jeroen Diepstraten ◽

Rolf Brouwer ◽

F. Nanne Croles ◽

Esther Kragten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Anticoagulant Therapy ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Risk Of Bleeding ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Download Full-text

Thrombomodulin gene polymorphisms or haplotypes as potential risk factors for venous thromboembolism: a population-based case-control study

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01187.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 710-717 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

JOHN A. HEIT ◽

TANYA M. PETTERSON ◽

WHYTE G. OWEN ◽

JAMES P. BURKE ◽

MARIZA DE ANDRADE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

Download Full-text

One size fits all? Why we need more sophisticated analytical methods in the explanation of trajectories of cognition in older age and their potential risk factors

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610209990937 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 291-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Graciela Muniz Terrera ◽

Carol Brayne ◽

Fiona Matthews ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Analytical Methods ◽

Cognitive Change ◽

Population Based ◽

Growth Mixture ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Rate Of Decline

ABSTRACTBackground: Cognitive decline in old age varies among individuals. The identification of groups of individuals with similar patterns of cognitive change over time may improve our ability to see whether the effect of risk factors is consistent across groups.Methods: Whilst accounting for the missing data, growth mixture models (GMM) were fitted to data from four interview waves of a population-based longitudinal study of aging, the Cambridge City over 75 Cohort Study (CC75C). At all interviews global cognition was assessed using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE).Results: Three patterns were identified: a slow decline with age from a baseline of cognitive ability (41% of sample), an accelerating decline from a baseline of cognitive impairment (54% of sample) and a steep constant decline also from a baseline of cognitive impairment (5% of sample). Lower cognitive scores in those with less education were seen at baseline for the first two groups. Only in those with good performance and steady decline was the effect of education strong, with an increased rate of decline associated with poor education. Good mobility was associated with higher initial score in the group with accelerating change but not with rate of decline.Conclusion: Using these analytical methods it is possible to detect different patterns of cognitive change with age. In this investigation the effect of education differs with group. To understand the relationship of potential risk factors for cognitive decline, careful attention to dropout and appropriate analytical methods, in addition to long-term detailed studies of the population points, are required.

Download Full-text

Analysis of Potential Oral Cleft Risk Factors in the Kosovo Population

International Surgery ◽

10.9738/intsurg-d-13-00089.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. 161-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sami Salihu ◽

Blerim Krasniqi ◽

Osman Sejfija ◽

Nijazi Heta ◽

Nderim Salihaj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Paternal Age ◽

Parental Age ◽

Oral Cleft ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the association of potential risk factors such as positive family cleft history, smoking, use of drugs during pregnancy, and parental age with oral clefts in offspring within the Kosovo population. We conducted a population-based case-control study of live births in Kosovo from 1996 to 2005. Using a logistic regression model, 244 oral cleft cases were compared with 488 controls. We have excluded all syndromic clefts. Heredity increases the risk of clefts in newborns [odds ratio (OR) = 8.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.12–23.52]. Clefts were also associated with smoking (OR = 1.87, 95% CI 0.75–4.08), use of drugs during pregnancy (OR = 2.25, 95% CI 0.82–5.12), increasing maternal age (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.42–2.49), and increasing paternal age (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.2– 1.4). We found heredity to be the most important factor for cleft occurrence in Kosovar newborns. Another significant potential risk factor for occurrence of clefts is the parental age. We found the use of drugs and smoking during pregnancy to be less significant.

Download Full-text

P227 A POPULATION-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS FOR IBD

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1873-9954(08)70238-6 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 71-72

Author(s):

P. López ◽

J.L. Perez ◽

T. Perez ◽

C. Fernandez ◽

M. Fernandez

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Intracranial Aneurysm in Patients With Aortic Disease in Korea: A Nationwide Population‐Based Study

Journal of the American Heart Association ◽

10.1161/jaha.120.019009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Jihye Song ◽

Yong Cheol Lim ◽

Inseok Ko ◽

Jong‐Yeup Kim ◽

Dong‐Kyu Kim

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intracranial Aneurysm ◽

Potential Risk ◽

National Sample ◽

Aortic Disease ◽

Population Based ◽

Aortic Aneurysms ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Representative Cohort

Background Patients with aortic disease (AD) might have a higher prevalence of intracranial aneurysm (IA). The present study evaluated the prevalence of IA in patients with AD and identified potential risk factors of IA using nationwide representative cohort sample data. Methods and Results We defined AD as both aortic dissections and aortic aneurysms. This study used a nationwide representative cohort sample from the Korea National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort database from 1.1million patients. Using χ 2 or Fisher’s exact tests, the prevalence of the IA in patients with AD and potential risk factors for their concurrence were analyzed. The prevalence of IA in patients with AD was 6.8% (155/2285). The adjusted odds ratios (OR) for having concurrent IA in patients with AD was 3.809 (95% CI, 3.191–4.546; P <0.01). Patients with AD and hypertension were >19 times more likely to be affected by IA (adjusted OR, 18.679; 95% CI, 16.555–21.076; P <0.01). Patients with AD and diabetes mellitus, old age (>60 years), and male sex were >4, 3, and 2 times more likely to be affected by IA, respectively (adjusted OR, 4.291, 3.469, and 1.983, respectively; 95% CI, 3.914–4.704, 3.152–3.878, and 1.779–2.112, respectively). Subgroup analysis with socioeconomic status or disability revealed that the prevalence of IA was significantly higher in all groups. Conclusions In the current population‐based study, the prevalence of IA in patients with AD was quadrupled compared with that in the general population. Early IA screening might be considered among patients with AD for appropriate management.

Download Full-text

Predictors for mortality of inpatients of COVID-19 in Mumbai

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 3079

Author(s):

Prasad T. Dhikale ◽

Smita S. Chavhan ◽

Balkrishna B. Adsul ◽

Kirti V. Kinge ◽

Chinmay N. Gokhale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hospital Death ◽

Published Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Kidney Diseases

Background: The estimation of risk factors for death can help in modifying the screening, treatment strategy and saving valuable lives. The published data about this topic from India is scarce. We aim to explore the risk factors of in-hospital deaths for COVID-19 patients.Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. All COVID-19 patients positive on reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) test who were admitted in this dedicated COVID hospital (DCH) in April to July 2020 and with definite outcome (death or discharge) till end of September 2020 were included in this study. To explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used.Results: Of the 6195 patients, 450 (7.26%) died. Age 40-60 years [AOR (CI)=4.53 (2.71-7.58)], age >60 years [AOR (CI)=17.42 (10.55-28.75)], suffering from diabetes mellitus [AOR (CI)=2.08 (1.66-2.6)], cardiovascular diseases [AOR (CI)=1.57 (1.14-2.17)], hypertension [AOR (CI)=1.43 (1.14-1.8)], chronic kidney diseases [AOR (CI)=2.78(2.02-3.82)] were found to be significant predictors of death after adjusting for potential confounders.Conclusions: Age >40 years, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, chronic kidney diseases are the independent predictors for mortality in COVID-19. These high risk groups should be given special attention for screening and treatment.

Download Full-text