scholarly journals Riding the COVID Waves: Clinical Trends, Outcomes, and Remaining Pitfalls of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An Analysis of Two High-Incidence Periods at a Hospital in Northern Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5239
Author(s):  
Marina Sartini ◽  
Filippo Del Puente ◽  
Martino Oliva ◽  
Alessio Carbone ◽  
Elisabetta Blasi Vacca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Western Country ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
General Lack ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Background. Italy was the first western country to face an uncontrolled outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The epidemic began in March 2020 within a context characterised by a general lack of knowledge about the disease. The first scientific evidence emerged months later, leading to treatment changes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of these changes. Methods. Data from a hospital in Genoa, Italy, were analysed. Patients deceased from SARS-CoV-2 infection were selected. Data were compared by dividing patients into two cohorts: “phase A” (March–May 2020) and “phase B” (October–December 2020). Results. A total of 5142 patients were admitted. There were 274 SARS-CoV-2-related deaths (162 phase A and 112 phase B). No differences were observed in terms of demographics, presentation, or comorbidities. A significant increase was recorded in corticosteroid use. Mortality was 33.36% during phase A, falling to 21.71% during phase B. When subdividing the trend during the two phases by age, we found a difference in people aged 65–74 years. Conclusions. There is scarce evidence regarding treatment for SARS-CoV-2 (especially for severe infection). However, treatment changes improved the prognosis for people under the age of 75. The prognosis for older people remains poor, despite the improvements achieved.

Apophysites – Revue de la littérature et ­nouvelles directions

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Youth Athlete ◽  
Pathology Education ◽  
Main Factor

Apophysitis are part of the growth-related diseases within youth athlete population. Despite their high incidence within this growing cohort, many doubts remain. The physiopathology is still debated. Initially, the fragmentation of the ossification center was seen as the main factor of the disease. For few years, this theory has been questioned due to consistent signs of tendon suffering. Apophysitis may have some negative long-term effect on a sporting career. There is currently poor scientific evidence on the optimal management and no treatment has been widely accepted. Prevention remains the most powerful intervention in this particular pathology. Education of the athlete’s sporting entourage (family, coaches and health staff) and the athlete himself is necessary to act quickly and adapt the training load to decrease mechanical stress on the suffering apophysis.

Population Aging, Intracohort Aging, and Sociopolitical Attitudes

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas L. Danigelis ◽  
Melissa Hardy ◽  
Stephen J. Cutler
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Sociopolitical Attitudes ◽  
The Life Course

Prevailing stereotypes of older people hold that their attitudes are inflexible or that aging tends to promote increasing conservatism in sociopolitical outlook. In spite of mounting scientific evidence demonstrating that learning, adaptation, and reassessment are behaviors in which older people can and do engage, the stereotype persists. We use U.S. General Social Survey data from 25 surveys between 1972 and 2004 to formally assess the magnitude and direction of changes in attitudes that occur within cohorts at different stages of the life course. We decompose changes in sociopolitical attitudes into the proportions attributable to cohort succession and intracohort aging for three categories of items: attitudes toward historically subordinate groups, civil liberties, and privacy. We find that significant intracohort change in attitudes occurs in cohorts-inlater- stages (age 60 and older) as well as cohorts-in-earlier-stages (ages 18 to 39), that the change for cohorts-in-later-stages is frequently greater than that for cohorts-inearlier-stages, and that the direction of change is most often toward increased tolerance rather than increased conservatism. These findings are discussed within the context of population aging and development.

Patterns of knowledge and use of medical cannabis among Brazilian oncologists and palliative care physicians.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e24099-e24099
Author(s):  
Júlia Maria Mathias Pedreira de Freitas ◽  
Daniela Oliveira de Almeida ◽  
Luciana Castro G. Landeiro ◽  
Tércia Vilasboas Reis ◽  
Thomas Azevedo de Carmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Care Outcomes ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

e24099 Background: Medical cannabis (MC) emerged as an important complementary therapy in the context of oncological diseases. In 2019, the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) approved use of MC, which can be produced in the country and sold in pharmacies under medical prescription. Previous investigations have extensively correlated MC effectiveness, over management and support of symptoms caused by the disease and/ or its treatment. However, studies evaluating knowledge and patterns of MC use in oncology patients MC are lacking. In the present study, we assessed the perception of oncologists and palliative care physicians on MC as a complementary therapy for cancer patients, and their personal experiences in clinical practice in Brazil. Methods: In October 2020 an online survey was sent via e-mail by the Brazilian Society of Clinical Oncology and the National Academy of Palliative Care for physicians with expertise in oncology and/or palliative care. Outcomes measured included knowledge and opinions about MC, prescription experience and impressions about the Brazilian legislation. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, comparison tests and the Poisson regression model with robust variance, using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 25. Results: A total of 124 physician participated in the study and, of those, 58.1% were oncologists, and 82.3% believed that MC has application as a complementary therapy in cancer. In contrast, only 52.4% of the participants felt comfortable recommending its use and only 15.3% have ever prescribed MC for their patients with cancer. Further, among those who have never prescribed, 71% have already referred patients to other professionals to prescribe, and 61% indicated lack of knowledge as the main factor for not prescribing. In addition, more than half of participants claimed not knowing Brazilian legislation regarding MC use. Nausea and vomiting were mentioned by 73.4% of physicians as the major indication for MC. Conclusions: Oncologists and palliative care physicians agree with the applicability of MC use for the management of symptoms related with or caused by cancer. However, our findings infer that factors such as lack of knowledge, legislation barriers and lack of robust scientific evidence, lead to its limited use among Brazilian oncologists and palliative care physicians.

Group Technology in Shipbuilding

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-50
Author(s):  
Thomas Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Group Technology ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
General Lack ◽  
The World ◽  
Obvious Reason ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The basic concepts of group technology are not new. The first use of the principles of group technology was described by an American, R. E. Flanders, in 1925. U.S. interest in group technology was slow to start, with initial flickerings in 1971 to 1973. If group technology is not new, why has it not been applied to the shipbuilding industry before now? In addition to the above-mentioned general lack of use, a complete lack of knowledge of it, and of its benefits is the most obvious reason. Actually, some shipyards in the world have utilized it and the paper describes some shipbuilding applications and gives examples of some new applications.

scholarly journals On Cancer, COVID-19, and CT Scans: A Monocentric Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3935
Author(s):  
Francesca Martini ◽  
Andrea D’Alessio ◽  
Federico Bracchi ◽  
Daniela Di Mauro ◽  
Anna Fargnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
High Incidence

Background The use of computed tomography (CT) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis in an area of northern Italy with a high incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may have identified more patients with this disease than RT-PCR in the very early onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 148 chest CT scans of oncological patients who were referred to the Radiological Unit of Policlinico S. Marco from 1 February 2020 to 30 April 2020, during the COVID-19 outbreak in Bergamo area. In parallel, we analyzed RT-PCR tests of these 148 patients. Results Among 32 patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19, 17 patients were asymptomatic or had mild symptoms (53.1%), while 15 developed severe disease (46.8%). The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 22.9%, the mortality rate was 18.8%. We did not find any correlation between disease severity and age, sex, smoking, or cardiovascular comorbidities. Remarkably, patients who were on treatment for cancer developed a milder disease than patients who were not on treatment. Conclusions The acceptance of CT-defined diagnoses in COVID-19 high-incidence areas like Bergamo region highlighted a larger oncological population affected by COVID-19 than RT-PCR, in particular, asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients, because only symptomatic patients underwent nasopharyngeal swabbing at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We observed that patients actively treated for their cancer had a milder disease, in agreement with previous studies that suggested a protective role of immunosuppression. Admittedly, the sample of patients in our study was heterogeneous regarding the oncological disease, their prognosis, and the type of treatment; therefore, other studies are needed to confirm our data.

scholarly journals High incidence of hospitalisation due to infectious gastroenteritis in older people associated with poor self-rated health

BMJ Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e010161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingxi Chen ◽  
Bette C Liu ◽  
Kathryn Glass ◽  
Martyn D Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Infectious Gastroenteritis ◽  
High Incidence

scholarly journals COVID-19 Infection among Older People Admitted to Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Chiann Ni Thiam ◽  
Kejal Hasmukharay ◽  
Wan Chieh Lim ◽  
Chai Chen Ng ◽  
Gordon Hwa Mang Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Inpatient Mortality ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Cross Sectional

(1) Background: Older people with COVID-19 infection report worse clinical outcomes. There is a paucity of local data and this study aimed to describe the clinical progression of older people admitted to a university hospital in Malaysia with COVID-19 infection. (2) Methods: Older people (≥60 years) admitted with COVID-19 infection confirmed with RT-PCR from 27 February 2020–25 May 2020 were included in this study. Data on patient characteristics, hospital treatment, and inpatient outcomes were collected via hospital-held electronic medical records. Analysis was done to describe the cohort and identify factors associated with inpatient mortality. (3) Results: 26 participants were included (mean age 76.2 years, female 57.7%). All had at least one comorbid condition and half were frail. About 19.2% had non-respiratory (atypical) symptoms; 23.1% had a severe disease that required intensive care unit monitoring; 46.2% were given COVID-19 targeted therapy. Inpatient mortality and overall complication rates were 23.1% and 42.3%, respectively. Delirium on presentation and lower Ct-value were associated with mortality. (4) Conclusions: Older people with COVID-19 infection have severe infection and poor hospital outcomes. Vigilant hospital care is necessary to address their multimorbidity and frailty, along with appropriate treatment for their infection.

Human herpesvirus type 8 infection in an area of Northern Italy with high incidence of classical Kaposi's sarcoma

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Tanzi ◽  
Alessandra Zappa ◽  
Fausta Caramaschi ◽  
Antonella Amendola ◽  
Donatella Lasagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Herpesvirus Type ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Human Herpesvirus Type

scholarly journals High incidence of classic Kaposi's sarcoma in Mantua, Po Valley, Northern Italy (1989–1998)

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Ascoli ◽  
S Belli ◽  
M Benedetti ◽  
S Trinca ◽  
P Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Po Valley ◽  
High Incidence

Selection of sustainable sanitation arrangements

Water Policy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Mara ◽  
Jan-Olof Drangert ◽  
Nguyen Viet Anh ◽  
Andrzej Tonderski ◽  
Holger Gulyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Millennium Development Goal ◽  
Selection Algorithm ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Ecological Sanitation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

To meet the Millennium Development Goal for sanitation around 440,000 people will have to be provided with adequate sanitation every day during 2001–2015, and the corresponding figure to meet the WHO/UNICEF target of “sanitation for all” by 2025 is around 480,000 people per day during 2001–2025. The provision of sanitation services to such huge numbers necessitates action on an unprecedented scale. This is made even more difficult by the general lack of knowledge on the part of professionals and the intended beneficiaries about which sanitation arrangement is the most appropriate under which circumstances. A sanitation selection algorithm, which considers all the available sanitation arrangements, including ecological sanitation and low-cost sewerage, and which is firmly based on the principles of sustainable sanitation, is developed as a guide to identify the most appropriate arrangement in any given situation, especially in poor and very poor rural and periurban areas in developing countries.

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