scholarly journals Cyclic Performance of Steel–Concrete–Steel Sandwich Beams with Rubcrete and LECA Concrete Core

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Youssf ◽  
Reza Hassanli ◽  
Julie E. Mills ◽  
Xing Ma ◽  
Yan Zhuge
Keyword(s):  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Concrete Specimen ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Sandwich Beams ◽  
Concrete Core ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Cracking Behavior ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Structural Applications

Due to the structural and economic features of steel–concrete–steel (SCS) structural systems compared with conventional reinforced concrete ones, they are now used for a range of structural applications. Rubcrete, in which crumbed rubber from scrap tires partially replaces mineral aggregates in concrete, can be used instead of conventional concrete. Utilizing rubber waste in concrete potentially results in a more ductile lightweight concrete that can introduce additional features to the SCS structural members. This study aimed to explore different concrete core materials in SCS beams and the appropriate shear connectors required. In this study, four SCS sandwich beams were tested experimentally under incrementally increasing flexure cyclic loading. Each beam had a length of 1000 mm, and upper and lower steel plates with 3 mm thickness sandwiched the concrete core, which had a cross-section of 150 mm × 150 mm. Two of the beams were constructed out of Rubcrete core with welded and bolted shear connectors, while the other two beams were constructed with welded shear connectors and either conventional concrete or lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) concrete cores. The performance of the SCS sandwich beams including damage pattern, failure mode, load-displacement response, and energy dissipation behavior was compared. The results showed that, while Rubcrete was able to provide similar concrete cracking behavior and strength to that of conventional concrete, LECA concrete degraded the strength properties of SCS. Using bolted shear connectors instead of welded ones caused a high number of cracks that resulted in a reduced ductility and deflection capacity of the beam before failure. The rubberized concrete specimen presented an improved ductility and deflection capacity compared with its conventional concrete counterpart.

Flexural Resistance of Steel-Coconut Shell Concrete-Steel Composite Beam with Normal and J-Hook Shear Studs

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Thangasamy ◽  
◽  
Gunasekaran Kandasamy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Core Material ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Concrete Core ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Moment Capacity ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Core Concrete

Many researches on double skin sandwich having top and bottom steel plates and in between concrete core called as steel-concrete-steel (SCS) were carried out by them on this SCS type using with different materials. Yet, use of coconut shell concrete (CSC) as a core material on this SCS form construction and their results are very limited. Study investigated to use j-hook shear studs under flexure in the concept of steel-concrete-steel (SCS) in which the core concrete was CSC. To compare the results of CSC, the conventional concrete (CC) was also considered. To study the effect of quarry dust (QD) in its place of river sand (RS) was also taken. Hence four different mixes two without QD and two with QD both in CC and CSC was considered. The problem statement is to examine about partial and fully composite, moment capacity, deflection and ductility properties of CSC used SCS form of construction. Core concrete strength and the j-hook shear studs used are influences the moment carrying capacity of the SCS beams. Use of QD in its place of RS enhances the strength of concrete produced. Deflections predicted theoretically were compared with experimental results. The SCS beams showed good ductility behavior.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Behaviour of Steel-Concrete-Steel Sandwich Slabs with Bi-Directional Corrugated-Strip Connectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8647
Author(s):  
Mansour Ghalehnovi ◽  
Mehdi Yousefi ◽  
Arash Karimipour ◽  
Jorge de Brito ◽  
Mahdi Norooziyan
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Concrete Core ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Good Agreement

The most researches on steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich slabs are to control the cracking of concrete core along with losing weight, and shear connector type. In this study, the behaviour of SCS slabs with bi-directional corrugated-strip shear connectors (CSC) was investigated. One of the most important practical problems of CSCs in SCS slabs is lack of access for another end welding to the second steel faceplate. In this research, plug weld was proposed to provide partial welding of the other end of CSCs to a steel plate. For this reason, three slabs were manufactured using the normal concrete core as a control sample and lightweight concrete (LWC) core with and without steel fibres. The behaviour of these slabs was compared with the behaviour of SCS slabs with J-hook and stud bolt connectors from previous researches. The specimens were tested under a concentrated block load as quasi-statically. Based on the load-displacement relationship at the centre, failure modes, loading capacity, energy absorption, and ductility showed acceptable behaviour for CSC system slabs. There was also a good agreement between the ultimate flexural strength based on experiments and previous research relationships.

Study on Strength Properties of Pervious Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Fly Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1211-1227
Author(s):  
Wasiq Maqbool Peer
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pervious Concrete ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Natural Choice ◽  
Structural Applications

Abstract: Pervious concrete is a concrete containing little or no fine aggregate; it consists of coarse aggregate and cement paste. It seems pervious concrete would be a natural choice for use in structural applications in this age of ‘green building’. It consumes less raw material than normal concrete (no sand), it provides superior insulation values when used in walls, and through the direct drainage of rainwater, it helps recharge groundwater in pavement applications. Due to increase in construction and demolition activities all over the world, the waste concrete after the destruction is not used for any purpose which leads to loss of economy of the country. India is a developing country where urbanization is increasing rapidly which in turn leading to increase of drainage facilities. Pervious concrete helps to allow the water flow into the ground due to interconnected pores. Natural aggregate is becoming scarce, production and shipment is becoming more difficult. In order to overcome this problem, there is need to find a by-product, which can be used to replace the aggregate in conventional concrete mix. Keywords: Pervious Concrete, Partial Replacement, Fly Ash, Cement, Compressive Strength,

Impact tests on steel–concrete–steel sandwich beams with lightweight concrete core

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 2045-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y. Richard Liew ◽  
K.M.A. Sohel ◽  
C.G. Koh
Keyword(s):  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Sandwich Beams ◽  
Concrete Core ◽  
Impact Tests

scholarly journals Analysis of Double Skin Composite Slabs

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Husain M. Husain ◽  
Mohannad H. Al-Sherrawi ◽  
Asmaa Taha Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Concrete Core ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Load Behavior

This paper deals with finite element modeling of the ultimate load behavior of double skin composite (DSC) slabs. In a DSC slab, shear connectors in the form of nut bolt technique studs are used to transfer shear between the outer skin made of steel plates and the concrete core. The current study is based on finite element analysis using ANSYS Version 11 APDL release computer program. Experimental programmes were carried out by the others, two simply supported DSC beams were tested until failure under a concentrated load applied at the center. These test specimens were analyzed by the finite element method and the analyses have shown that these slabs displayed a high degree of flexural characteristics, ultimate strength, and ductility. The close agreement has been observed between the finite element and experimental results for ultimate loads and load–deflection responses. The finite element model was thus found to be capable of predicting the behavior of DSC slabs accurately.  

A Study on Lightweight Multifunctional Concrete Made Using Waste PET Bottles

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 964-969
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Kitsutaka ◽  
Yuichi Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Concrete Specimen ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Polyethylene terephthalate containers (PET bottles) are recycled into fibers and sheets, but the complicated process requires a high level of technology and large cost resulting in a low recycling rate of PET. Weight reduction of concrete has been demanded for certain uses. In view of this, lightweight concrete embedding raw PET bottles is conceivable. It may be used for void slabs and lightweight wall panels for dwelling units. Also such bottles filled with functional materials can add a new function to concrete. In this study, the basic physical properties of lightweight multifunctional concrete embedding used PET bottles were investigated. A method of placing concrete with embedded PET bottles was examined. PET bottles fixed to the mold at their caps withstood the impact and the pressure during concrete placing with no deformation and the filling capability of concrete was confirmed. The weight reduction of the reinforcing concrete panel embedding PET bottles was approximately 16%. The strength properties of concrete embedding PET bottles were examined and the compressive strength of the specimen embedding bottles with the smallest intervals between bottles was 55% of that of the solid concrete specimen.

scholarly journals Monotonic and Fatigue Performance of Double-skin Push-out and Tensile Segments of Divers Shear Connectors – Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
Zainab Hussam Alzahawy ◽  
Laith Khaled AL-Hadithy
Keyword(s):  
Shear Force ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Longitudinal Shear ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Composite Construction ◽  
Concrete Core ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
Push Out

Double skin composite (DSC) construction or Steel/concrete/steel sandwich construction (SCSS) is an innovative and relatively new form of composite construction that can be used in submerged tube tunnels, bridges deck, nuclear structures, liquid and gas containment structures, offshore and onshore structures, military shelters, and shear walls in buildings. The system consists of a plain concrete core sandwiched between two steel plates interconnected together by various types of mechanical shear connectors. The DSC construction perceives advantages that the external steel plates act as both formwork and primary reinforcement, and also as impermeable, blast and impact resistant membranes. The major duty of the shear connectors is to withstand longitudinal shear force and beam/slab separation, while in the bi-steel type where shear connectors are friction welded at both their two ends to two parallel steel plates, the longitudinal and transverse shear force, as well as plate buckling are resisted. The present paper highlights the previous prime researches concerning the subjects of SCSS composite construction, specifically on the conducted tests (push-out tests, tensile, direct shear tests, and bending tests) in which the components of partial interaction (uplift and slip forces) are resisted by various types of shear connectors.

scholarly journals Behavior of Steel–Coconut Shell Concrete–Steel Composite Beam without and with Shear Studs under Flexural Load

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2444
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Thangasamy ◽  
Gunasekaran Kandasamy
Keyword(s):  
Steel Plate ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Sandwich Beams ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Cracking Behavior ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
The Moment

In this study, we investigated using coconut shell concrete (CSC) in double-skin steel plate sandwich beams, i.e., steel–concrete–steel (SCS) under flexure. Two cases—without and with shear studs to interconnect the bottom tension and top compression plates—were considered. Conventional concrete (CC) was used for comparison purposes. The effect of quarry dust (QD) in place of river sand (RS) was considered. Therefore, four mixes named as CC, conventional concrete produced using QD (CCQ), CSC and coconut shell concrete produced using QD (CSCQ) were used. Three different steel plate thicknesses were considered (4 mm, 6 mm and 8 mm). In total, twelve SCS specimens were tested to evaluate the flexural performance under two-point static loads. Study parameters include: partial and fully composite, ultimate moment and failures, deflection characteristics, ductility property, cracking behavior and strains in both tension and compression plates. It was found that the moment carrying capacity of the SCS sandwich beams increased when the thickness of the steel plate increased. Our results provided evidence that using QD in place of RS augmented the strength of beams. Theoretical deflections were underestimated the experimental deflection, except in one case. The SCS beams showed good ductility behavior. The SCS beams exhibited crack widths at yielding well below guideline values.

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