scholarly journals Anatomy and Ultrastructure of the Cyprid Temporary Adhesive System in Two Species of Acorn Barnacle

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Raine ◽  
Nick Aldred ◽  
Anthony S. Clare
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Acorn Barnacle ◽  
True Location ◽  
Settlement Site ◽  
Block Face ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure

Acorn barnacles are sessile as adults and select their settlement site as a cypris larva. Cyprids are well adapted to exploring surfaces in dynamic environments, using a temporary adhesive secreted from the antennules to adhere during this process. The temporary adhesive and the secretory structures are poorly characterized. This study used serial block-face scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional modelling to elucidate the anatomy related to temporary adhesion. The temporary adhesive glands of two acorn barnacle species, Balanus amphitrite and Megabalanus coccopoma, were located in the proximal region of the first antennular segment, contrary to previous descriptions that placed them in the more distal second segment. The temporary adhesive systems of these acorn barnacles are therefore similar to that described for the stalked barnacle, Octolasmis angulata, although not identical. Knowledge of the true location of the temporary adhesive glands will underpin future studies of the production, composition and secretion of the adhesive.

Innovative Adhesive Systems for Dental Giomer Restorations

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Hodisan ◽  
Cristina Prejmerean ◽  
Tinca Buruiana ◽  
Doina Prodan ◽  
Loredana Colceriu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Dye Penetration ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Dental Applications

The aim of this work was to reduce microleakage in giomer restorations by using innovative materials in both adhesive systems and light-cured dental giomer. Two adhesive systems with different primers were investigated. The innovative compounds in the primers were acrylic acid (AA)/itaconic acid (IA) copolymer modified with methacrylic groups and AA/IA/N-acryloyl-L-leucine copolymer grafted with methacrylic groups. In addition, the investigated new giomer G contains a pre-reacted glass based on the latter copolymer. The commercial Beautifil II giomer and the FL-Bond II adhesive system were used for comparison. Microleakage was evaluated by determining the scores and percentages of dye penetration lengths after thermocycling of a series of light-cured dental giomer restorations performed on 42 premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. A lower microleakage value was recorded for the adhesive system containing the AA/IA/N-acryloyl-L-leucine copolymer grafted with methacrylic groups than for the commercial adhesive, which was in substantial agreement with SEM and AFM investigations. In this case, remarkable dentin sealing and a strong adhesion at the giomer restoration�tooth interface was observed, and the innovative adhesive was proven to be promising for dental applications.

scholarly journals Quantitative evaluation of microleakage in class V cavities using one-bottle and self-etching adhesive systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França ◽  
Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar ◽  
Alex José Souza dos Santos ◽  
José Roberto Lovadino
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Class V ◽  
Bonding System ◽  
Root Dentin

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate quantitatively the microleakage in class V cavities restored with one-bottle and self-etching adhesive systems with and without previous acid etching. Two one-bottle adhesive systems (Single Bond and Prime & Bond 2.1) and one self-etching adhesive system (Clearfil Mega Bond) were used in this study. One hundred and twenty sound human premolar teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups, and 20 class V restorations were prepared in the root dentin to test each bonding system. Each bonding system was used with and without acid etching. Specimens were prepared, dyed with 2% methylene blue, sectioned, triturated, and evaluated with an absorbance spectrophotometer test in order to quantify the infiltrated dye. Results were statistically evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test. No statistically significant differences were found among the adhesive systems when no etching agent was used. However, the Single Bond adhesive system showed statistically significant lower microleakage means than Clearfil Mega Bond and Prime & Bond 2.1 when 37% phosphoric acid was used. Single Bond and Clearfil Mega Bond adhesive systems presented similar behavior when the manufacturers' instructions were followed.

scholarly journals Morphology and thickness of the diffusion of resin through demineralized or unconditioned dentinal matrix

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Augusto Galvão Arrais ◽  
Marcelo Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive System ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Dentin Bonding ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
The One ◽  
Bonding Systems

The formation of a hybrid layer is the main bonding mechanism of current dentin-bonding systems. This study evaluated the morphology and thickness of the resin-infiltrated dentinal layer after the application of adhesive systems. The dentin-bonding agents were evaluated on flat dentinal preparations confected on the occlusal surfaces of human teeth. The test specimens were prepared and inspected under scanning electron microscopy at a magnification of X 2,000. The adhesive systems were responsible for different hybrid layer thicknesses (p < 0.05), and the mean values were: for Scotchbond MP Plus (SM), 7.41 ± 1.24mum; for Single Bond (SB), 5.55 ± 0.82mum; for Etch & Prime 3.0 (EP), 3.86 ± 1.17mum; and for Clearfil SE Bond (CB), 1.22 ± 0.45mum. The results suggest that the conventional three-step adhesive system (SM) was responsible for the thickest hybrid layer, followed by the one-bottle adhesive (SB). The self-etching adhesives, EP and CB, produced the formation of the thinnest hybrid layers.

Shear Bond Strength of Different Adhesive Systems to Primary Dentin and Enamel

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Miranda ◽  
Luiz Henrique Maykot Prates ◽  
Ricardo de Souza Vieira ◽  
Maria Cristina Marino Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Failure Mode Analysis ◽  
Distal Direction

The aims of this study were to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of four adhesive systems applied to primary dentin and enamel and verify, after SBS testing, the failure mode of the adhesive interface. Sixty extracted sound primary molars were selected and crowns were sectioned in a mesial-distal direction. Specimens were randomly assigned into two groups (adhesion to enamel and adhesion to dentin) and then subdivided into four subgroups according to the adhesive system (n=15): Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SMP) – Single Bond (SB) – Clearfil SE Bond (and Adper Prompt LPop (APL) – SBS tests were performed and the obtained values were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests (p&lt;0.05). The failure mode analysis was performed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (XL-30, Philips). SBS mean values on enamel were [MPa (SD)]: SMP – 27.89 (7.49); SB – 23.92 (8.8); CSB – 24.36 (6.69); APL – 25.96 (4.08); and on dentin: SMP – 17.29 (4.25); SB – 18.2 (8.74); CSB – 16.13 (7.14); APL – 6.04 (3.35). The predominant failure mode was cohesive (primarily of the bonding agent). On enamel SBS was statistically similar for all four adhesives. On dentin SBS of APL was lower than the other tested adhesives.

scholarly journals Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy Reveals That Intercellular Nuclear Migration Occurs in Most Normal Tobacco Male Meiocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Mursalimov ◽  
Nobuhiko Ohno ◽  
Mami Matsumoto ◽  
Sergey Bayborodin ◽  
Elena Deineko
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nuclear Migration ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Face Scanning ◽  
Block Face ◽  
Plant Meiosis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) was used here to study tobacco male meiosis. Three-dimensional ultrastructural analyses revealed that intercellular nuclear migration (INM) occurs in 90–100% of tobacco meiocytes. At the very beginning of meiosis, every meiocyte connected with neighboring cells by more than 100 channels was capable of INM. At leptotene and zygotene, the nucleus in most tobacco meiocytes approached the cell wall and formed nuclear protuberances (NPs) that crossed the cell wall through the channels and extended into the cytoplasm of a neighboring cell. The separation of NPs from the migrating nuclei and micronuclei formation were not observed. In some cases, the NPs and nuclei of neighboring cells appeared apposed to each other, and the gap between their nuclear membranes became invisible. At pachytene, NPs retracted into their own cells. After that, the INM stopped. We consider INM a normal part of tobacco meiosis, but the reason for such behavior of nuclei is unclear. The results obtained by SBF-SEM suggest that there are still many unexplored features of plant meiosis hidden by limitations of common types of microscopy and that SBF-SEM can turn over a new leaf in plant meiosis research.

scholarly journals Bond strength to dentin of total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Alves dos SANTOS ◽  
Eliane Alves de LIMA ◽  
Mônica Maria de Albuquerque PONTES ◽  
Alexandre Batista Lopes do NASCIMENTO ◽  
Marcos Antônio Japiassú Resende MONTES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Diamond Disc ◽  
Self Etch

OBJECTIVE: To assess the bond strength to dentin of the Single Bond (3M ESPE) and XP Bond (Dentsply) total-etch and Adper SE Plus (3M ESPE) self-etch adhesive systems. METHODS: Fifteen healthy human third molars were randomly allocated across three different groups of five teeth each according to the adhesive system. The occlusal portion of each tooth was removed under refrigeration using a flexible diamond disc (EXTEC, Enfield, CT, USA) down to an area of dentin that did not reveal enamel, as confirmed under a 40X stereo microscope (Ramsor, São Paulo, Brazil). A standardized smear layer was created with #600 grit silicon-carbide paper. The adhesive systems were applied as per manufacturer recommendations, with the exception of the Adper SE Plus system, which was triple-polymerized. Composite resin blocks (5 mm) were placed on the dentin surface. The specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37ºC. Using a flexible diamond disc (EXTEC, Enfield, CT, USA), toothpick-like specimens with an adhesive area of less than 1 mm² were obtained. A microtensile bond test was then carried out using a universal testing machine (KRATOS) with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were used for comparisons. RESULTS: The bond strength values obtained with each adhesive system were as follows: XP Bond, 96.24 MPa; Adper Single Bond, 72.39 MPa; Adper SE Plus, 49.91 MPa. CONCLUSION: In terms of bond strength to dentin, conventional adhesives outperform self-etching systems.

scholarly journals Effect of one-bottle adhesive systems on the fluoride release of a resin-modified glass ionomer

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Wang ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf ◽  
Maria Teresa Atta
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Fluoride Release ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
The One ◽  
In The Beginning

A dhesive systems associated to resin-modified glass ionomer cements are employed for the achievement of a higher bond strength to dentin. Despite this benefit, other properties should not be damaged. This study aimed at evaluating the short-time fluoride release of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement coated with two one-bottle adhesive systems in a pH cycling system. Four combinations were investigated: G1: Vitremer (V); G2: Vitremer + Primer (VP); G3: Vitremer + Single Bond (VSB) and G4: Vitremer + Prime & Bond 2.1 (VPB). SB is a fluoride-free and PB is a fluoride-containing system. After preparation of the Vitremer specimens, two coats of the selected adhesive system were carefully applied and light-cured. Specimens were immersed in demineralizing solution for 6 hours followed by immersion in remineralizing solution for 18 hours, totalizing the 15-day cycle. All groups released fluoride in a similar pattern, with a greater release in the beginning and decreasing with time. VP showed the greatest fluoride release, followed by V, with no statistical difference. VSB and VPB released less fluoride compared to V and VP, with statistical difference. Regardless the one-bottle adhesive system, application of coating decreased the fluoride release from the resin-modified glass ionomer cements. This suggests that this combination would reduce the beneficial effect of the restorative material to the walls around the restoration.

scholarly journals Helical fibrillar microstructure of tendon using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy and a mechanical model for interfibrillar load transfer

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (160) ◽  
pp. 20190547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak N. Safa ◽  
John M. Peloquin ◽  
Jessica R. Natriello ◽  
Jeffrey L. Caplan ◽  
Dawn M. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Helical Structures ◽  
3D Microstructure ◽  
Face Scanning ◽  
Block Face ◽  
Matrix Shear ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tendon's hierarchical structure allows for load transfer between its fibrillar elements at multiple length scales. Tendon microstructure is particularly important, because it includes the cells and their surrounding collagen fibrils, where mechanical interactions can have potentially important physiological and pathological contributions. However, the three-dimensional (3D) microstructure and the mechanisms of load transfer in that length scale are not known. It has been postulated that interfibrillar matrix shear or direct load transfer via the fusion/branching of small fibrils are responsible for load transfer, but the significance of these mechanisms is still unclear. Alternatively, the helical fibrils that occur at the microstructural scale in tendon may also mediate load transfer; however, these structures are not well studied due to the lack of a three-dimensional visualization of tendon microstructure. In this study, we used serial block-face scanning electron microscopy to investigate the 3D microstructure of fibrils in rat tail tendon. We found that tendon fibrils have a complex architecture with many helically wrapped fibrils. We studied the mechanical implications of these helical structures using finite-element modelling and found that frictional contact between helical fibrils can induce load transfer even in the absence of matrix bonding or fibril fusion/branching. This study is significant in that it provides a three-dimensional view of the tendon microstructure and suggests friction between helically wrapped fibrils as a mechanism for load transfer, which is an important aspect of tendon biomechanics.

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