scholarly journals Effects of Therapeutic and Aerobic Exercise Programs on Pain, Neuromuscular Activation, and Bite Force in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1170
Author(s):  
Paula Manuela Mendes Moleirinho-Alves ◽  
Pedro Miguel Teixeira Cravas Cebola ◽  
Paulo Duarte Guia dos Santos ◽  
José Pedro Correia ◽  
Catarina Godinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Neuromuscular Activation

Pain in masticatory muscles is one of the most frequent symptoms in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and can lead to changes in the patterns of neuromuscular activity of masticatory muscles and decrease in bite force. This study assesses the effects of three eight-week exercise programs on pain intensity, neuromuscular activation, and bite force of masticatory muscles in patients with TMD. Forty-five patients were divided into three groups: a therapeutic exercise program (G1), a therapeutic and aerobic exercise program (G2), and an aerobic exercise program (G3). The masticatory muscles’ pain was evaluated using the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity of the masseter was recorded during maximum voluntary contraction and at rest, and bite force was evaluated using a dynamometer. These parameters were evaluated twice at baseline (A01/A02), at the end of the eight-week intervention period (A1), and 8–12 weeks after the end of the intervention (A2). After intervention, G2 showed the best results, with a significantly decrease in masticatory muscles’ pain and increase in bite force. These results suggest that interventions to reduce pain in patients with TMD should be multimodal.

scholarly journals Electromyographic Analysis of Masticatory Muscles in Cleft Lip and Palate Children with Pain-Related Temporomandibular Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Szyszka-Sommerfeld ◽  
Teresa Matthews-Brzozowska ◽  
Beata Kawala ◽  
Marcin Mikulewicz ◽  
Monika Machoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Masseter Muscles ◽  
Rest Activity

Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the electrical activity of temporalis and masseter muscles in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) and pain-related temporomandibular disorders (TMD-P). Methods. The sample consisted of 31 CLP patients with a TMD-P (mean age 9.5 ± 1.8 years) and 32 CLP subjects with no TMD (mean age 9.2 ± 1.7 years). The children were assessed for the presence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) using Axis I of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). Electromyographical (EMG) recordings were performed using a DAB-Bluetooth Instrument (Zebris Medical GmbH, Germany) in the mandibular rest position and during maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Results. The rest activity of the temporalis and masseter muscles was significantly higher in TMD-P group compared with non-TMD children. A significant decrease in temporalis muscle activity during MVC was observed in TMD-P patients. There was a significant increase in the Asymmetry Index for temporalis and masseter muscle rest activity in the TMD-P group. Conclusion. Cleft children diagnosed with TMD-P have altered masticatory muscle activity, and this can affect their muscle function.

scholarly journals Crossfit Practice: An Electromyographic Analysis of Masticatory Muscles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara Soares da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Palinkas ◽  
Evandro Marianetti Fioco ◽  
Edson Donizetti Verri ◽  
Saulo César Vallin Fabrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Striated Muscles ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: CrossFit is a regular high-intensity physical conditioning exercise for skeletal striated muscles, which promotes functional changes in the human body. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CrossFit exercise on the electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles. Methods: Forty participants were divided into two groups: athletes who practiced CrossFit (n=20) and controls who did not practice sports (n=20). The electromyographic activities of the masseter and temporalis muscles were measured using mandibular tasks at rest, protrusion, right laterality, left laterality, and dental clenching in maximum voluntary contraction and habitual chewing of peanuts and raisins. Both the groups were matched for age, sex, and body mass index. The data were analyzed using the t-test with a 5% significance level. Results: Reduced electromyographic activities were found in all mandibular tasks in the CrossFit group than in the control group, with a significant difference for the right masseter (p=0.01), left masseter (p=0.001), and left temporal muscles (p=0.001) at mandibular rest; right (p=0.001) and left (p=0.001) masseter in chewing of peanuts. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that CrossFit promotes positive changes in electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles, especially in the mandibular rest and chewing of hard food. CrossFit exercise practiced within the appropriate technical protocols improves masticatory muscle function.

scholarly journals Effect of Breast Cancer Treatment on the Stomatognathic System

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
Danilo Stefani Esposto ◽  
Marcelo Palinkas ◽  
Ligia Maria Napolitano Gonçalves ◽  
Paulo Batista de Vasconcelos ◽  
Vânia Tie Koga Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Average Standard Deviation ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Unilateral Mastectomy

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women in the world and provides functional changes in the human body. Evaluate women submitted to unilateral mastectomy, through electromyographic activity (mandibular rest, right and left laterality, protrusion, maximum voluntary contraction with and without Parafilm, habitual and non-habitual mastication) and thickness (rest and maximum voluntary contraction) of the right temporal muscle (RT), left temporal (LT), right masseter (RM) and left masseter (LM), also the molar bite force (right and left) and compare the data with healthy women. Material and Methods: 32 women were divided into two groups: unilateral mastectomy group (MG), average ± standard deviation 56.50±14.50 years (n=16) and without the disease group (CG), average ± standard deviation 56.56±14.15 years (n=16). The normalized electromyographic data, muscle thickness and maximal molar bite force were tabulated and submitted to statistical analysis (SPSS 21.0; student t test, p≤0.05). Significant statistical differences between MG and CG were found in right laterality, for RM (p=0.02); left laterality, for LT (p=0.01); chewing with peanuts, for RM (p=0.04); chewing with raisins, for LM (p=0.04) and right molar bite force (p=0.03). There was no statistically significant difference between MG and CG for muscle thickness. The results of this study suggest that women undergoing unilateral mastectomy may present functional changes, with emphasis on muscular hyperactivity, lower masticatory efficiency and lower maxillary bite force.

scholarly journals The Efficiency of Anterior Repositioning Splints in the Management of Pain Related to Temporomandibular Joint Disc Displacement with Reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Pihut ◽  
Malgorzata Gorecka ◽  
Piotr Ceranowicz ◽  
Mieszko Wieckiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disc ◽  
Disc Displacement With Reduction

Background and Objective. Intra-articular temporomandibular disorders are often related to pain in the area of the temporomandibular joint, ear, and temple. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficiency of anterior repositioning splints in decreasing pain related to temporomandibular joint disc displacement with reduction. Methods. The research material consisted of 112 patients, aged 24 to 45 years, of both genders, who reported for treatment at the Consulting Room of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunctions at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow between 2014 and 2016 due to pain in the area of the temporomandibular joint(s) and noise(s) of temporomandibular joint(s) present during jaw movements with comorbid contracture of masticatory muscles. Subjects were examined according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) protocol and, after diagnosis of painful disc displacement with reduction and masticatory muscle contracture, they were assigned randomly to either the study or control groups (56 patients in each). In the study group, we used an anterior repositioning splint on the full lower arch for about 20 hours usage over a 4-month period. In the control group, a noninvasive therapy was applied using a biostimulation laser over 12 sessions performed every second day on the area of both temporomandibular joints with mouth open and while performing muscle self-exercises with a dominant protrusive position of the mandible. Pain intensity was evaluated using the Verbal Numerical Rating Scale (VNRS) immediately before the treatment and then after 4 and 16 weeks. The obtained data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test p≤0.005. Results. The VNRS values reported during the final examination for the study group were significantly lower than for the control group p=0.0004. Conclusions. The anterior repositioning splint is an efficient tool in decreasing pain related to disc displacement with reduction. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03057262.

scholarly journals Electromyographic activity of masticatory muscles in women with osteoporosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Siéssere ◽  
Luiz Gustavo de Sousa ◽  
Naira de Albuquerque Lima ◽  
Marisa Semprini ◽  
Paulo Batista de Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Skeletal Bone

The purpose of this study was to analyze the electromyographic (EMG) activity and the maximal molar bite force in women diagnosed with osteoporosis in the maxillary and mandibular regions, considering the habits and conditions that lead to development of generalized skeletal bone loss, including on face bones, can disturb the functional harmony of the stomatognathic system. Twenty-seven women with mandibular and maxillary osteoporosis and 27 healthy controls volunteered to participate in the study. A 5-channel electromyographer was used. Muscle activity was evaluated by means of EMG recordings of the masticatory musculature (masseter and temporalis muscles, bilaterally) during the following clinical conditions: rest (5 s); right and left lateral excursions (5 s); protrusion (5 s); maximal dental clenching on Parafilm™ (4 s) and maximal voluntary contraction (4 s). This latter clinical condition was used as the normalization factor of the sample data. It was observed that individuals with osteoporosis presented greater EMG activity when maintaining mandible posture conditions and less activity during dental clenching and when obtaining maximal molar bite force. It may be concluded that facial osteoporosis can interfere on the patterns of masticatory muscle activation and maximal bite force of the stomatognathic system.

scholarly journals The Influence of Customized Mouthguards on the Muscular Activity of the Masticatory Muscles at Maximum Bite and Motor Performance During Static and Dynamic Exercises

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Lässing ◽  
Christoph Pökel ◽  
Lennart Lingener ◽  
Roberto Falz ◽  
Stefan Kwast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Jump Test

Abstract Background Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a mouthguard can induce this phenomenon, e.g., by potentially increasing biting, has not been clarified. This study’s aim was to investigate the muscular activity of the maxillary and peripheral musculature and motor performance during a rest and exercise test. Methods Our study comprised 12 active, male, professional young handball players (age 18.83 ± 0.39 years). Their performance, electromyographic (EMG) muscle activity (Σ), and lateral deviation (Δ) of the masticatory and peripheral musculature were measured during rest in a maximum bite force measurement, one-legged stand, a kettlebell swing exercise and a jump test while wearing a customized mouthguard (CMG) or not wearing one (Co). Results Maximum bite force measurements did not differ significantly in their mean values of muscle activity (Σ) for the masseter and temporalis muscles (Co 647.6 ± 212.8 µV vs. CMG 724.3 ± 257.1 µV p = 0.08) (Co 457.2 ± 135.5 µV vs. CMG 426.6 ± 169.3 µV p = 0.38) with versus without CMG. We found no differences in the mean activation values during a one-legged stand, the kettlebell swing, and jump test (Σ) in any of the muscles tested. Lateral deviations (Δ) wearing a CMG were significantly less in the erector spinae during the kettlebell swing (Co 5.33 ± 3.4 µV vs. CMG 2.53 ± 1.8 µV p = 0.01) and countermovement jump (Co 37.90 ± 30.6 µV vs. CMG 17.83 ± 22.3 µV p = 0.03) compared to the performance without a CMG. Jump height, rotation moment, and balance were unchanged with versus without CMG. Conclusion Our results at rest and during specific motor stress show no differences with or without a CMG. The improved peripheral muscular balance while wearing a CMG indicates improved muscular stabilization.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Physical Therapy in Patients with Generalized Joint Hypermobility and Concurrent Temporomandibular Disorders—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 3808
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kulesa-Mrowiecka ◽  
Joanna Piech ◽  
Tadeusz S. Gaździk
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Joint Hypermobility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Generalized Joint Hypermobility

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) consist of a group of symptoms such as: pain of temporomandibular joints, masticatory muscles or surrounding tissues, dysfunctions of TMJs’ mobility, and crepitation. The Hypermobility Joint Syndrome (HJS) manifests in the flaccidity of joint structures, an increase in the range of joint motion, and occurs more often in the young and women. The aim of this study was to present the occurrence of HJS among patients with myogenic TMD and disc displacement with reduction. The secondary goal was to assess the effectiveness of physiotherapy directed to TMD with coexisting HJS. The study involved 322 patients with symptoms of TMD. HJS was diagnosed using the Beighton Scale, which confirmed its occurrence in 26 cases. 79 subjects (7 males and 72 females; mean age, 33.9 ± 10.4 years) were selected and divided into two groups: HJS + TMD (n = 26; 2 males and 24 females; mean age, 27.1 ± 9.4 years) and TMD (n = 53; 5 males and 48 females; mean age, 37.4 ± 9.2 years). These patients completed 3-week physiotherapy management. Before and after physiotherapy, the myofascial pain severity on Numeric Pain Rating Scale, linear measurement of maximum mouth opening, and opening pattern, were assessed. To demonstrate differences between the results, the level of significance for statistical analysis was set at α = 0.05. A statistically significant improvement was obtained in decreasing myofascial pain in both groups. Coordination of mandibular movements was achieved in both groups. Generalized joint hypermobility occurred among patients with TMD. Physiotherapy directed to TMD was effective in reducing myofascial pain and restoring TMJ’s coordination also in patients with HJS.

scholarly journals Environmental temperature and exercise modality independently impact central and muscle fatigue among people with multiple sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 205521731774762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetika Grover ◽  
Michelle Ploughman ◽  
Devin T Philpott ◽  
Liam P Kelly ◽  
Augustine J Devasahayam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Total Body

Background Heat sensitivity and fatigue limit the ability of multiple sclerosis patients to participate in exercise. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal aerobic exercise parameters (environmental temperature and exercise modality) to limit exercise-induced central and muscle fatigue among people with multiple sclerosis. Methods Fourteen people with multiple sclerosis with varying levels of disability completed four randomized exercise sessions at 65% of the maximal volume of oxygen: body-weight supported treadmill cool (16°C), body-weight supported treadmill room (21°C), total-body recumbent stepper cool and total-body recumbent stepper room. Maximum voluntary contraction, electromyography, and evoked contractile properties were collected from the more affected plantar flexors along with subjective levels of fatigue, body temperature and perceived level of exertion. Results Exercise in cooler room temperature increased maximum voluntary contraction force ( p = 0.010) and stabilized body temperature ( p = 0.011) compared to standard room temperature. People with multiple sclerosis experienced greater peak twitch torque ( p = 0.047), shorter time to peak twitch ( p = 0.035) and a longer half relaxation time ( p = 0.046) after total-body recumbent stepper suggestive of less muscle fatigue. Conclusion Cooling the exercise environment limits the negative effects of central fatigue during aerobic exercise and using total-body recumbent stepper (work distributed among four limbs) rather than body-weight supported treadmill lessens muscular fatigue. Therapists can titrate these two variables to help people with multiple sclerosis achieve sufficient exercise workloads.

scholarly journals Severity of Sleep Bruxism and its Implications for the Stomatognathic System in Healthy Subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (D) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Marcelo Palinkas ◽  
Natália Yanota Marin ◽  
César Bataglion ◽  
Edneia Corrêa de Mello ◽  
Graziela De Luca Canto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Sleep Bruxism ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
The Right

BACKGROUND: Sleep bruxism (SB) changes the functionality patterns of the stomatognathic system. However, its severity can be an aggravating factor in the function of this complex system. AIM: The purpose of the study was to investigate the stomatognathic system of healthy subjects with different severity of SB, as determined by BiteStrip. METHODS: Thirty-four subjects were divided into two groups: Mild SB (n = 15) and severe SB (n = 19). Electromyograph was used to evaluate the electromyographic activity of the right masseter (RM), left masseter (LM), right temporal (RT), and left temporal (LT) muscles at mandibular rest, right and left laterality, protrusion, and maximum voluntary contraction. Molar bite force was measured by the dynamometer. The data were tabulated and submitted for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Molar bite force was significantly lower in the severe SB group. There was a significant increase in electromyographic activity in the severe SB group for the mandibular rest tasks (RM, RT, and LT), protrusion (RM, LM, RT, and LT), and right and left laterality in the temporalis muscles. There was a significant decrease in electromyographic activity in the severe SB group in maximum voluntary contraction for the masseter and temporalis muscles. CONCLUSION: Subjects with severe SB demonstrated greater functional impairment of the stomatognathic system, mainly affecting the electromyographic activity and molar bite force.

scholarly journals Does Systemic Arterial Hypertension Change the Function of the Stomatognathic System?

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
João Batista Mattos Lellis ◽  
Tânia de Freitas Borges ◽  
Richard Honorato de Oliveira ◽  
Marcelo Palinkas ◽  
Jaime Eduardo Cecilio Hallak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disease Free

The aim of this study was to evaluate the stomatognathic system of individuals with controlled systemic hypertension through comparison with a disease-free control group. Seventy individuals (44 female and 26 male) were divided into two groups: a controlled systemic hypertension (n=35) and a disease-free control (n=35). The individuals were evaluated on the basis of masticatory cycle efficiency of the value of the ensemble-averaged integrated linear envelope to the electromyographic signal of the masseter and temporalis muscles in the habitual (peanuts and raisins) and non-habitual chewing (Parafilm M); molar bite force (right and left) and ultrasound images from the bilateral masseter and temporal muscles at rest and maximum voluntary contraction. The data obtained were tabulated and submitted to statistical analysis (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between groups in the habitual (peanuts and raisins) and non-habitual (Parafilm M) chewing with reduced muscle activity to controlled systemic hypertension group. Muscle thickness occurred significant difference between groups at rest and maximum voluntary contraction of the temporalis muscles. There was no significant difference between groups in maximum molar bite force. The present study findings indicate that the controlled systemic hypertension promotes functional changes of the masticatory system, especially with respect to its masticatory efficiency and muscle thickness.

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