scholarly journals Habitat Integrity in Protected Areas Threatened by LULC Changes and Fragmentation: A Case Study in Tehran Province, Iran

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Parvaneh Sobhani ◽  
Hassan Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
Shahindokht Barghjelveh ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Moein Sadeghi ◽  
Marina Viorela Marcu
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Habitat Integrity ◽  
Quantitative Metrics ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Tehran Province ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Natural Monument

The integration and connection of habitats in protected areas (PAs) are essential for the survival of plant and animal species and attaining sustainable development. Investigating the integrity of PAs can be useful in developing connections among patches and decreasing the fragmentation of a habitat. The current study has analyzed spatial and temporal changes to habitat to quantify fragmentation and structural destruction in PAs in Tehran Province, Iran. To achieve this purpose, the trends in land use/land cover (LULC) changes and the quantitative metrics of the landscape ecology approach have been examined. The results revealed that in Lar National Park, low-density pasture has the top increasing trend with 4.2% from 1989 to 2019; in Jajrud PA, built-up has the top increasing trend with 1.5% during the studied years; and among the land uses in TangehVashi Natural Monument, bare land has the top increasing trend with 0.6% from 1989 to 2019. According to the findings, habitat fragmentation and patch numbers have expanded in the studied areas due to the development of economic and physical activities. The results also indicate that the current trend of habitat fragmentation in PAs will have the highest negative impacts, especially in decreasing habitat integrity, changing the structure of patterns and spatial elements, and increasing the edge effect of patches.

Local Stakeholders’ Perception as a Contribution to the Identification of Negative Impacts on Protected Areas: A Case Study of Torres del Paine National Park

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-242
Author(s):  
Macarena Fernández Génova ◽  
Germaynee Vela-Ruiz Figueroa ◽  
Fiorella Repetto-Giavelli ◽  
Juliana Torres Mendoza ◽  
Nicolás Recabarren Traub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Torres Del Paine

scholarly journals Assessing the Need for Ecotourism Cluster Establishment in Georgia: Ways to Increase the Country’s Competitiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Khakhishvili
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Wine Tourism ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
Strong Cluster ◽  
Different Parts

Georgia is famous for wine, hospitality, culture, and history at the international level. Before now, tourism in Georgia was only related to wine tourism and sea resorts, but in recent years, the country is positioning itself as an emerging destination for adventurous tourism. Industry potential is not fully utilized and it has more hidden possibilities to attract more visitors. This paper focuses on assessing the need for ecotourism cluster establishment in Georgia. In fulfilling this objective, a survey was conducted. Questionnaires were distributed to ecotourism service providers of the country. 54 managers of national parks and other protected areas (Lagodekhi Protected Areas, Kazbegi National Park, Martvili Canyon Natural Monument, Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park and Machakhela National Park) were chosen for the survey. The selected respondents are the managers of the most popular ecotourism destinations among Georgian and foreign ecoturists. Due to the various locations in different parts of Georgia, it took about two weeks to conduct the survey. The results of the survey showed that ecotourism industry representatives agree on the need of cluster establishment for more development of the field. The paper also demonstrated that building promising ecotourism industry through strong cluster development is directly related to increasing the country’s competitiveness.

scholarly journals TREE PLANTS OF SPNA "BASHKIRTSEV'S HOUSE": STATE, VALUABLE IMPORTANCE, POSSIBILITIES OF REINTEGRATION INTO MODERN CULTURAL LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-141
Author(s):  
Viktor Volodin ◽  
Nikolay Kharchenko ◽  
Oleg Tregubov
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Natural Monument

The article analyzes the dynamics of the state of tree plantations in protected areas as a part of the historical formation process of the object. The complex of the main factors determining this dynamics has been considered. Based on the data of the study, the most valuable (from various points of view) structural elements of the investigated natural monument, including unique trees, are identified. The feasibility of the reconstruction of the object and possible approaches to it has been considered

scholarly journals The system of specially protected natural areas of Kuzbass

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 00034
Author(s):  
Olga Zueva
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Areas ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
State Nature

On the territory of Kuzbass there are 29 specially protected natural areas with a total area of 1.3 thousand hectares. The existing system of protected areas of Kuzbass is a protected area of federal significance (the State Nature Reserve Kuznetskiy Alatau, the National Natural Park Shorskiy, the State Natural Monument Lipovy Ostrov), 22 protected areas of regional and 4 protected areas of municipal importance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the location of specially protected natural areas in terms of the floristic zoning of Kuzbass and the primary analysis of the PA system in Kuzbass.

scholarly journals Globalization and Biodiversity Conservation Problems: Polycentric REDD+ Solutions

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mwangi Githiru ◽  
Josephine Njambuya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Great Chance ◽  
Free Rider Problem ◽  
The Face ◽  
Negative Impacts

Protected areas are considered the cornerstone of biodiversity conservation, but face multiple problems in delivering this core objective. The growing trend of framing biodiversity and protected area values in terms of ecosystem services and human well-being may not always lead to biodiversity conservation. Although globalization is often spoken about in terms of its adverse effects to the environment and biodiversity, it also heralds unprecedented and previously inaccessible opportunities linked to ecosystem services. Biodiversity and related ecosystem services are amongst the common goods hardest hit by globalization. Yet, interconnectedness between people, institutions, and governments offers a great chance for globalization to play a role in ameliorating some of the negative impacts. Employing a polycentric governance approach to overcome the free-rider problem of unsustainable use of common goods, we argue here that REDD+, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) climate change mitigation scheme, could be harnessed to boost biodiversity conservation in the face of increasing globalization, both within classic and novel protected areas. We believe this offers a timely example of how an increasingly globalized world connects hitherto isolated peoples, with the ability to channel feelings and forces for biodiversity conservation. Through the global voluntary carbon market, REDD+ can enable and empower, on the one hand, rural communities in developing countries contribute to mitigation of a global problem, and on the other, individuals or societies in the West to help save species they may never see, yet feel emotionally connected to.

FIRST RECORD OF TRICHOGRAMMA INYOENSE (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) ATTACKING THE BERTHA ARMYWORM, MAMESTRA CONFIGURATA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G. Mason ◽  
J.D. Pinto ◽  
Z.L. Long ◽  
J.L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
First Record ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Mamestra Configurata ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bertha Armyworm

The bertha armyworm, Mamestra configurata Walker, is a major pest of canola in western Canada. In 1994, 1995, and 1996 more than 670 000, 650 000, and 250 000 ha of canola were sprayed for bertha armyworm, respectively (Anonymous 1994, 1995, 1996). Despite the current trend towards increased acreage of canola production in western Canada, canola acreages declined markedly in 1996 from that planted in 1995 (Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Statistical Facts 1996) in part because of the perception by farmers of the impact of bertha armyworm outbreaks in 1994 and 1995. Much research has been carried out in western Canada on the bertha armyworm with the aim of developing an integrated pest management program which includes the understanding of its biological control agents. Turnock (1984) reported that the native parasitoid complex of larval M. configurata consists of five species of Hymenoptera and 10 species of Diptera. Only two of these, namely Banchus flavescens Cresson (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Athrycia cinerea (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tachinidae), have large negative impacts on its populations (Wylie and Bucher 1977).

Tenure and forest conditions: community forestry in the Nepal Terai

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harini Nagendra
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
National Forests ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Forest Conditions

There is a current trend towards decentralization of forest management, particularly among developing nations. Nepal has taken a lead in initiating innovative policies of community forestry. Although these initiatives have been largely deemed successful in the mountains, within the Terai lowlands, there is considerable debate about their outcomes. This research evaluates forest condition within recently declared community forests, national forests and protected areas in the Nepal Terai, using plot mensuration techniques and interviews with local users. The initial condition of forests that were handed over to local communities for use was significantly poorer than those retained as national forests. Protected areas had the highest levels of plant abundance, biomass and biodiversity, which is not surprising, given the level of funds and manpower input to managing these limited areas. In the context of current controversy about the outcome of community forestry in the Nepal Terai, the poor initial condition of forests handed over to local communities is highly significant, and needs to be factored into evaluations of community forest management. This research underscores the need for benchmark studies for evaluating the future outcomes of forest policies in the Terai, provides a valuable addition to the limited information on forest conditions under different management regimes in Nepal, and indicates some of the difficulties that local communities face while dealing with community forestry in practice.

scholarly journals Current trend of suicide in Sikkim

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Satish Rasaily ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Made In ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The State of Sikkim has been witnessing increasing trend in suicide rate in last decade. Studies examining an extent, pattern and causes of suicide in Sikkim are limited and prevalent notion regarding causes of suicide are mostly based on descriptive narration of an individual suicide cases that usually promotes socio-economic factors and drug use disorders. An attempt has been made in this article to examine current trend of suicide in Sikkim, assessed risk factors by analysing published and unpublished available research studies, and highlight suicide prevention responses by East Sikkim.

scholarly journals Estudos Geoecológicos Aplicados ao Manejo da Trilha das Macaúbas na Floresta Nacional de Ritápolis – Minas Gerais / Applied Geoecological Studies to the Macaúbas Trail Management in the Ritápolis National Forest – Minas Gerais State, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (47) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Arlon Cândido Ferreira ◽  
Múcio Do Amaral Figueiredo ◽  
Geraldo Majela Moraes Salvio ◽  
Bruno Henrique Fernandes ◽  
Leonardo Cristian Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Management Alternatives

<p>Com a saturação do turismo convencional e com o surgimento de novas modalidades de turismo, as áreas naturais protegidas vêm recebendo um fluxo crescente de visitantes para prática do turismo natural (atividade turística que utiliza o Patrimônio Natural como atrativo), tendo como consequência o aumento da pressão dos recursos naturais, ampliando a preocupação com os impactos gerados por tal atividade. Para a prática desse turismo, em quase sua totalidade, as trilhas são utilizadas como ligação e meio de contato entre o homem e a natureza. No entanto, esse contato acaba provocando alguns impactos negativos nas trilhas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de caracterizar o uso da trilha e avaliar suas condições, bem como propor alternativas de manejo que possam promover o uso sustentável da Trilha das Macaúbas localizada na Floresta Nacional de Ritápolis, Minas Gerais. Para realização desse levantamento, a trilha foi dividida em diversos segmentos nos quais foram utilizadas três metodologias: AST – Área Seccional Transversal; Penetrometria; Tabela de Indicadores. Os dados obtidos permitiram avaliar os impactos causados pelo uso da trilha, tais como: compactação do solo do leito da trilha; perda de solo no leito da trilha; danos na vegetação e borda da trilha; etc. Assim, são propostas algumas alternativas de manejo para diminuição e mitigação dos impactos causados na trilha.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>With the saturation of conventional tourism and the rise of new kinds of tourism, some protected areas have been receiving and increasing flow of visitors for the practice of natural tourism (tourist activity which uses the natural heritage as an attraction), resulting in the increase of the pressure on natural resources, maximizing the concern over the impacts produced by such activity. For the practice of this kind of tourism, the trails are almost entirely used as a link and means of contact between man and nature. However, this contact ends up causing some negative impacts on the trails. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the use of the trails and evaluate their conditions as well as propose management alternatives that can promote the sustainable use of the Macaúbas Trail, located in the Ritápolis National Forest, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. To perform this survey, the trail was divided into several segments in which three methods were used: CSA - Cross Sectional Area; Penetrometry; Indicators chart. The obtained data allowed the evaluation of the impacts caused by the use of the trails, such as: the compaction of soil in the trail bed, the loss of soil in the trail bed, the damage to the vegetation and to edge of the trail. Thus, some management alternatives are proposed in order to reduce and mitigate the impacts on the trails.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong><strong>: </strong>Protected Areas, trail management, ecotourism.</p><p> </p>

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