scholarly journals Evaluation of Desertification Severity in El-Farafra Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt: Application of Modified MEDALUS Approach Using Wind Erosion Index and Factor Analysis

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. Fadl ◽  
Ahmed S. Abuzaid ◽  
Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman ◽  
Asim Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive ◽  
Gis Environment

Desertification is a serious threat to human survival and to ecosystems, especially to inland desert oases. An assessment of desertification severity is essential to ensure national sustainable development for agricultural and land expansion processes in this region. In this study, Index of Land Susceptibility to Wind Erosion (ILSWE) was integrated with a Modified Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use (MEDALUS) method and factor analysis (FA) to develop a GIS-based model for mapping desertification severity. The model was then applied to 987.77 km2 in the El- Farafra Oasis, located in the Western Desert of Egypt, as a case study. Climate and field survey data together with remote sensing images were used to generate five quality indices (soil, climate, vegetation, land management and wind erosion). Based on the FA, a weighted value was assigned to each index. Five thematic layers representing the indices were created within the GIS environment and overlaid using the weighted sum model. The developed model showed that 59% of the total area was identified as high-critical and 38% as medium-critical. The results of an environmentally sensitive area index suggested by the original MEDALUS model indicated similar results: 18.37% of the total area was classified as high-critical and 78.73% as medium-critical. However, the sensitivity analysis indicated that weights derived from FA resulted in better performance of the developed spatial model than that derived from the original MEDALUS method. The proposed model would be a suitable tool for monitoring vulnerable zones, and could be a starting point for sustainable agricultural development in inland oases.

Suicide Career: A Young Woman's Story in Phenomenological Perspective

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irving Babow ◽  
Robin Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Related Substance ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Benign Neglect ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Help Systems ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective

As part of a wider study of young suicide attempters' unmet service needs, a suicidal woman diagnosed as catatonic schizophrenic told her story in a state mental hospital. Her account in this case study revealed much about her life history, suicide career, problems of living, needs for help, and perceptions of relevant systems. The patient's diagnosis and readmissions seemed inappropriate. Regarded as a chronic schizophrenic, she experienced therapeutic nihilism in the hospital and benign neglect in the community. Accepting the expectation of not getting well reinforced helplessness and hopelessness. A proposed model would use parts of the patient's story for preventive intervention regarding suicidal behavior and improving her social competence, social networks, and support systems. A starting point could be her eating disorder, obesity, derogatory self-image, and related substance abuse and psychological problems. Patient perceptions of needs and priorities can help systems involved plan and deliver appropriate services.

scholarly journals Patent Keyword Analysis of Disaster Artificial Intelligence Using Bayesian Network Modeling and Factor Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
Sangsung Park ◽  
Sunghae Jun
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Patent Data ◽  
Disaster Area ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Bayesian Network Modeling

At present, artificial intelligence (AI) contributes to most technological fields. AI has also been introduced in the disaster area to replace humans and contribute to the prevention of disasters and the minimization of damages. So, it is necessary to analyze disaster AI in order to effectively make use of it. In this paper, we analyze the patent documents related to disaster AI technology. We propose Bayesian network modeling and factor analysis for the technology analysis of disaster AI. This is based on probability distribution and graph theory. It is also a statistical model that depends on multivariate data analysis. In order to show how the proposed model can be applied to a real problem, we carried out a case study to collect and analyze the patent data related to disaster AI.

scholarly journals Sustainable Agricultural Groundwater Management for New Reclaimed Areas in Farafra Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Management ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Groundwater Extraction ◽  
Groundwater Sustainability ◽  
Sustainability Criteria ◽  
Sustainable Extraction

Sustainable groundwater management is an important practice of water resources engineering, especially, in case of deserts and oases where there is no source of surface water and precipitation rarely occurs. The importance increases when the only source of groundwater is a nonrenewable aquifer. This is the case of new reclaimed areas in Farafra Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt. The only source of irrigation water is groundwater extracted from the nonrenewable Nubian Sandstone Aquifer (NSA). There is a great agricultural development in Farafra Oasis as a part of the 1.5 million feddan mega project. Agricultural development, for new areas, is a must for Egypt to fulfil the increasing food demand accompanied with the increasing population growth rate. However, this development has to consider the sustainability of groundwater usage along with the social, economic, and national security aspects. Groundwater extraction rate from NSA has increased. As it is a nonrenewable aquifer, there is no groundwater recharge. Consequently, the groundwater potentiometric level (GPL) decreases with time. The traditional sustainability concept of safe yield or discharge equals recharge is not applicable on such cases. The Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) of Egypt set the groundwater sustainability criteria for groundwater-dependent new reclaimed areas in Farafra Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt. Both duration and economic lifting depth, have been considered. This paper presents groundwater sustainability assessment for extraction rates, Qwell = -1000, -2000, -3000, -4000, and -5000 m3 /d, to obtain the most beneficial sustainable extraction rate according to the MWRI sustainability criteria. A new groundwater-dependent reclaimed area of 10,000 feddan in Sahl Baraka, Farafra oasis, was taken as a case study area. GIS functions were used to obtain the values of unknown data and develop the initial groundwater potentiometric map. MODFLOW was used to construct a numerical model for groundwater extraction rate simulation for the case study area. This model was calibrated and used to obtain the depression cone drawdown (DCD) associated with different extraction rates. All NSA regional drawdown rates at Farafra oasis were considered. Benefit –Deficit analysis for duration and economic lifting depth criteria are presented and show that the extraction rate of Qwell = -3000 m3 /d is the most beneficial sustainable extraction rate according to the MWRI adopted sustainability criteria

scholarly journals Extracting the Meaning Order of Alley [Case Study: Historical Context of Sari City Center]

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rasoul Abdi Malek Kolaee ◽  
Mehdi Sadvandi ◽  
Abdilmajid Nourtaghani
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Matrix Method ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
City Center ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
Meaning System

The present study is an attempt to find out conceptual and fondumental aspects of alley meaning in the context of Sari historical city center. In this research the considered environment is the allies of historical center context of Sari city. This research tries to discover the hidden meaning system behind the current behaviors and activities in the alleys of this area. This research is based on Exploratory factor analysis research method which is one of the branches of correlation research method and is calculated by using covariance matrix method of analysis. The results of this study showed that there is a collection of meaning components which are working as a network in the final model. The study identified 17 components that were categorized into four main systems: individual social position, individual internal feelings, cultural relationships, and tradition. This paper concludes that the proposed model carefully shows the meanings regulation of the historical fabric of alleys.

scholarly journals Assessment and mapping of desertification sensitivity with MEDALUS model and GIS – Case study: basin of Hodna, Algeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzia Boudjemline ◽  
Ahcene Semar
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
The North ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive Areas ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive ◽  
Low Sensitivity

AbstractIn Algeria, desertification risk is one of the main environmental and also social and economic problems. As much as 20 million hectares of northern Algeria are highly exposed and vulnerable to desertification with large areas falling into his ‘severe’ risk category, because the present massive destruction of vegetation and soils. This study aimed to use geographic information system (GIS) for mapping environmentally sensitive areas to desertification based on Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use (MEDALUS) approach in basin of Hodna, Algeria. Sensitivity is estimated with a modification of the MEDALUS environmentally sensitive area index (ESAI) which identifies such areas on the basis of an index (ESAI) that incorporates data on environmental quality (climate, vegetation, soil) as well as anthropogenic factors. This methodology allows the classification of land in critical, fragile and potentially sensitive areas. The results obtained show that 61% of the area is classified potentially sensitive to low sensitivity. These areas are particularly located in mountain areas. Spatially, the areas sensitive to degradation are as well in the lower region of the Hodna in Highlands consisting mostly of steppe route. The factors that could explain these variations of sensitivity are related mainly to changes in precipitation between the North and the South altitude and pressure of the population and livestock.

Professional Stress among Junior Commissioned Officers and Non Commissioned Officers of Indian Military Intelligence – A Case Study

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Dr. S. S. Nirmala ◽  
Dr. N. Kogila ◽  
T. Porkodi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Military Intelligence ◽  
Sphericity Test ◽  
Professional Stress ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study is focusing on the professional stress on organisation among the Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) and Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) of Indian Military Intelligence. 384 samples of Military Intelligence personnel will be taken for this study. Sources of data is Primary data include a structured questionnaire. Data was collected through structured questionnaire and measure through Likert’s scale, using KMO measure of sampling adequacy, Cronbach’s alpha for checking internal consistency, Bartlett sphericity test for testing the null hypothesis and various factor analysis including Eigenvalues, Extract square Sum loading, variance percent and Accumulation percent values relative comparison and Correlation matrix will be used as tools to arrive at desired results and statistical interpretations. The hypotheses put for test and the resultant values at 0.01 and 0.05 (for different factors) clearly indicated that there is an existence of association between different level of cadres and professional stress among personnel of Indian Military Intelligence. The authority who can formulate the rules and regulations and binding them on the lower cadres and professions to accept and adopt.

Issue Dimensions and Cleavages: How the Russian Experience Helps Us to Look for Cross-Points

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-235
Author(s):  
Yury Korgunyuk
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
Empirical Base ◽  
Party Positions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Alternative Methodology ◽  
Election Results

Abstract The article analyzes the weak points of the Manifesto Project’s methodology, such as its emphasis on issue salience, instead of issue positions; bringing the content of manifestos under too broad categories formulated at the beginning of the project; not quite the appropriate technique of factor analysis etc. An alternative methodology is proposed that focuses on party positions on issues which generate the largest polarization in the political space. It also enriches the empirical base of the studies and adjusts the technique of factor analysis. In order to reveal political cleavages inside these dimensions, the so called electoral cleavages (factors of territorial differences in voting for various parties) are taken as a starting point: factor loadings of parties in the electoral and political spaces are compared through correlation and regression analyses. The proposed methodology is applied to an analysis of election results in Russia (2016) and Germany (2017).

Test of Mediation and Moderation between Employee Empathy and Customers’ Advocacy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Ahmad Afridi ◽  
Asad Shahjehan ◽  
Maqsood Haider ◽  
Dr Uzma Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
First Line ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Moderator

This study examined the impact of employee empathy on customers’ advocacy directly and indirectly through customers’ loyalty. Moreover, the interacting effect of customers’ trust was verified between the association of customers’ loyalty and advocacy. The attributes of the proposed model were examined in the context of first line employee and patients’ interactions. A total of 220 responses were collected for analysis from the private hospitals of Peshawar. The model fitness was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis and hypotheses were examined. Findings confirmed the positive and significant impact of employee empathy on customers’ advocacy. Further, the mediating effect was examined and found that loyalty partially mediates employee empathy and customers’ advocacy. Additionally, trust was found a significant moderator between the association of customer loyalty and advocacy. Furthermore, findings revealed that trust based loyalty significantly and positively mediates employee empathy and customers’ advocacy. Findings of the present study provide understanding for the service sector, particularly in healthcare, to enhance customers’ loyalty, advocacy, and trust through service employee’s empathic aptitude. Keywords: Employee empathy, Service Eco-system, Customers’ Loyalty, Customers’ Advocacy, Trust-Based Loyalty, Healthcare, S-D Logic

scholarly journals Modeling of Emergency Supply Scheduling Problem Based on Reliability and Its Solution Algorithm under Variable Road Network after Sudden-Onset Disasters

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinggui Chen ◽  
Shiwen Wu ◽  
Jianjun Yang ◽  
Guodong Cong ◽  
Gongfa Li
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
The Road ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Emergency Supply

It is common that many roads in disaster areas are damaged and obstructed after sudden-onset disasters. The phenomenon often comes with escalated traffic deterioration that raises the time and cost of emergency supply scheduling. Fortunately, repairing road network will shorten the time of in-transit distribution. In this paper, according to the characteristics of emergency supplies distribution, an emergency supply scheduling model based on multiple warehouses and stricken locations is constructed to deal with the failure of part of road networks in the early postdisaster phase. The detailed process is as follows. When part of the road networks fail, we firstly determine whether to repair the damaged road networks, and then a model of reliable emergency supply scheduling based on bi-level programming is proposed. Subsequently, an improved artificial bee colony algorithm is presented to solve the problem mentioned above. Finally, through a case study, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model and algorithm are verified.

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