scholarly journals Grain-to-Grain Interaction Effect in Polycrystalline Plain Low-Carbon Steel within Elastic Deformation Region

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1865
Author(s):  
Hai Qiu ◽  
Rintaro Ueji ◽  
Yuuji Kimura ◽  
Tadanobu Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Deformation Region ◽  
Grain Interaction ◽  
The Difference

A grain is surrounded by grains with different crystal orientations in polycrystalline plain low-carbon steel. The grain is constrained by its adjacent grains in the tension process. The interaction of the grain with the adjacent grains was investigated within the elastic deformation region. The following results have been obtained: (1) the Young’s modulus of a grain without consideration of grain-to-grain interaction is denoted as the inherent Young’s modulus; when the inherent Young’s modulus of a grain is equal to the Young’s modulus of the bulk material, there is almost no interaction between the grain and its adjacent grains; when a grain has a great difference between its inherent Young’s modulus and the Young’s modulus of the bulk material, its grain-to-grain interactions increase significantly; (2) the grain-to-grain interaction is mainly caused by the difference in the inherent Young’s modulus between the grain and its adjacent grains; the misorientation angle between the grain and its adjacent grains has almost no effect on the grain-to-grain interaction.

scholarly journals Cu Precipitation Behaviors and Microscopic Mechanical Characteristics of a Novel Ultra-Low Carbon Steel

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3571
Author(s):  
Mingxue Sun ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Tiewei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Precipitation Strengthening ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
The Matrix

We studied the effect of Cu addition on the hardness of ultra-low carbon steels heat treated with different cooling rates using thermal simulation techniques. The microstructural evolution, Cu precipitation behaviors, variations of Vickers hardness and nano-hardness are comparatively studied for Cu-free and Cu-bearing steels. The microstructure transforms from ferritic structure to ferritic + bainitic structure as a function of cooling rate for the two steels. Interphase precipitation occurs in association with the formation of ferritic structure at slower cooling rates of 0.05 and 0.2 °C/s. Coarsening of Cu precipitates occurs at 0.05 °C/s, leading to lower precipitation strengthening. As the cooling rate increases to 0.2 °C/s, the interphase and dispersive precipitation strengthening effects are increased by 63.9 and 50.0 MPa, respectively. Cu precipitation is partially constrained at cooling rate of 5 °C/s, resulting in poor nano-hardness and Young’s Modulus. In comparison with Cu-free steel, the peak Vickers hardness, nano-hardness and Young’s Modulus are increased by 56 HV, 0.61 GPa and 55.5 GPa at a cooling rate of 0.2 °C/s, respectively. These values are apparently higher than those of Cu-free steel, indicating that Cu addition in steels can effectively strengthen the matrix.

Prediction of the Mechanical Properties of Hot-Rolled Low Carbon Steel Strips in Correlation to Chemical Compositions and Rolling Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 462-463 ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiratthanakul Noppon ◽  
Somrerk Chandra-ambhorn
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Strip ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Coiling Temperature ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hot Rolled

Seven thousand sets of data consisting of mechanical properties, chemical compositions, and rolling parameters of industrial hot-rolled coils were analysed using multiple regression. This was to establish empirical formulas to predict mechanical properties of steel as a function of chemical compositions and rolling parameters. The empirical formulas predicting yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and percentage of elongation (EL) of low carbon steel strip were obtained, e.g. YS = 461+ 418 C + 61.6 Mn + 796 P ¬– 303 S + 159 Si + 146 Cu + 204 Ni + 49.7 Cr + 1127 V + 1072 Ti + 3674 Nb – 266 Mo – 6299 B – 76.3 Al – 557 Sn – 3.54 THK – 0.00758 WID – 0.114 FT – 0.223 CT. The rolling parameters in equation included finishing temperature (FT), coiling temperature (CT), thickness (THK) and width (WID) of strip. R-Square values for the formulas predicting YS, UTS, and EL were 82.3%, 90.1%, and 75.8% respectively. These equations were validated by using another 120 hot-rolled coils. The averages of absolute values of the difference between the predicted and actual values of YS, UTS, and EL were 9.6 MPa, 7.8 MPa, and 2.7 % respectively. Correlation of chemical compositions and rolling conditions with mechanical properties was discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals The effect of elastic deformation on the minor hysteresis loops of low carbon steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 966 ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
A N Mushnikov ◽  
E S Gorkunov ◽  
S M Zadvorkin ◽  
L S Goruleva ◽  
K D Kryucheva
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Minor Hysteresis Loops

Effect of Hydrogen Charging on Microstructure Morphology of Warm Rolled Low Carbon Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 1076-1080
Author(s):  
Rini Riastuti ◽  
Purnama Riyanti ◽  
Dedi Priadi ◽  
Eddy S. Siradj
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Warm Rolling ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Hydrogen Charging ◽  
Microstructure Morphology

Warm rolled deformation is one of deformation technique to improve the strength of steels through the refining grain size of ferritic microstructure. In application, low carbon steel which used in structural industry need some protection against corrosion attack, cathodic protection is usually applied combining with coating. Cathodic protection creates reduction reaction which produces hydrogen, and the hydrogen atom may diffuse into the crystal lattice lead to the Hydrogen Induced Cracking. The present study is to observe the morphology of microstructure influenced by hydrogen charging as the source of hydrogen which attacks the steel surface, and observed by Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. After warm rolling of 650oC and 35% deformation, ferrite grain size is smaller than bulk material and the hardness value increasing. After tensile test of hydrogen charged steel found the ductile fracture, it means the smaller the ferrite grains size, the resistance of hydrogen attack is increase.

scholarly journals Differences Strength of Low Carbon Stainless Steel St 37 with Electrical Welding Compound V Use Materials Add Electrodeof Type-RB and Type -RD

Teknomekanik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Refdinal Refdinal ◽  
Ramli Ramli ◽  
Rio Andesko
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Tensile Test Specimen ◽  
Average Tensile Strength ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Difference

This study aims to determine the difference in tensile strength of low carbon steel St 37 which is welded with RB type and RD type electrodes. The welding utilizes the type of a V-shaped joint with an angle of 600. After low carbon steel St 37 is then subjected to a tensile strength test / tensile test to obtain a tensile strength value. This research uses experimental method by preparing the object of research in the form of tensile test specimen which amounted to 19 pieces and separated into 3 groups. Group I was an untreated / non-welded St 37 carbon steel, a Group II of low carbon steel St 37 welded with RB type electrodes, and a Group III of low carbon steel St 37 welded with RD type electrodes. The cooling medium used after welding is air. The tensile test results show that the average tensile strength of low carbon steel St 37 without welding has a tensile strength of 48.02 kg/mm2 with the largest specimen tensile strength of 48.33 kg/mm2 and strength At the low carbon steel welding St 37 using RB type electrode has an average tensile strength of 29.86 kg/mm2 with the tensile strength of the largest specimen of 34.51 kg/mm2 and the tensile strength of the lowest specimen is 25.00 kg/mm2. While on the low carbon steel welding St 37 using RD type electrode has an average power of 31.83 kg/mm2 with the tensile strength of the largest specimen is 34.51 kg/mm2 and the tensile strength of the lowest specimen is 25.81 kg/mm2. Based on the analysis and T test of low carbon steel welding ST 37 using RB type electrode and RD type there is no significant tensile strength difference

Development of trimming technology for hot rolled ultra-low carbon steel

1993 ◽  
Vol 90 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 917-922
Author(s):  
Y. Matsuda ◽  
M. Nishino ◽  
J. Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ultra Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Hot Rolled
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