Ti-Ions and/or Particles in Saliva Potentially Aggravate Dental Implant Corrosion

The corrosive titanium products in peri-implant tissues are a potential risk factor for peri-implantitis. There is very limited information available on the effect of the corrosion and wear products on the dental implant corrosion. Therefore, we determined the influence of Ti-ions and Ti-particles on Ti corrosion. Eighteen commercially pure-Ti-grade-2 discs were polished to mirror-shine. Samples were divided into six groups (n = 3) as a function of electrolytes; (A) Artificial saliva (AS), (B) AS with Ti-ions (the electrolyte from group A, after corrosion), (C) AS with Ti-particles 10 ppm (D) AS with Ti-particles 20 ppm, (E) AS with Ti-ions 10 ppm, and (F) AS with Ti-ions 20 ppm. Using Tafel’s method, corrosion potential (Ecorr) and current density (Icorr) were estimated from potentiodynamic curves. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) data were used to construct Nyquist and Bode plots, and an equivalent electrical circuit was used to assess the corrosion kinetics. The corroded surfaces were examined through a 3D-white-light microscope and scanning electronic microscopy. The data demonstrated that the concentration of Ti-ions and corrosion rate (Icorr) are strongly correlated (r = 0.997, p = 0.046). This study indicated that high Ti-ion concentration potentially aggravates corrosion. Under such a severe corrosion environment, there is a potential risk of increased implant associated adverse tissue reactions.

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Bioactive Coating on Titanium Dental Implants for Improved Anticorrosion Protection: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings9100612 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 612 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jozefina Katić ◽

Ankica Šarić ◽

Ines Despotović ◽

Nives Matijaković ◽

Marin Petković ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Implant ◽

Density Functional ◽

Surface Characterization ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Attenuated Total Reflection ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Bioactive Coating ◽

Dental Implant Surface

In recent years, extensive studies have been continuously undertaken on the design of bioactive and biomimetic dental implant surfaces due to the need for improvement of the implant–bone interface properties. In this paper, the titanium dental implant surface was modified by bioactive vitamin D3 molecules by a self-assembly process in order to form an improved anticorrosion coating. Surface characterization of the modified implant was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and contact angle measurements (CA). The implant’s electrochemical stability during exposure to an artificial saliva solution was monitored in situ by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results obtained were corroborated by means of quantum chemical calculations at the density functional theory level (DFT). The formation mechanism of the coating onto the titanium implant surface was proposed. During a prolonged immersion period, the bioactive coating effectively prevented a corrosive attack on the underlying titanium (polarization resistance in order of 107 Ω cm2) with ~95% protection effectiveness.

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Aluminum in Dental Implants: How to Reduce a Potential Risk to Patient’s Health?

Materials Proceedings ◽

10.3390/cmdwc2021-09933 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Željka Petrović ◽

Ankica Šarić ◽

Ines Despotović ◽

Jozefina Katić ◽

Marin Petković

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Density Functional ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Density Functional Theory Calculation ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Hydrolyzed Collagen ◽

Collagen Molecules

Some commercial dental implants contain aluminum, which represents a potential risk to health, since aluminum is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, control of the chemical composition as well as the surface characteristics of implants is necessary, and one approach is functionalization of the implant’s surface by bio(organic) molecules. Hydrolyzed collagen molecules were self-assembled on the titanium implant containing aluminum. Density Functional Theory calculation results indicated an exergonic reaction (ΔG*INT = −6.45 kcal mol−1) between the implant surface and the chosen hydrolyzed collagen molecules, while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results pointed to improved anti-corrosion properties of the modified implant surface (protective effectiveness, η = 98.5%) compared to the unmodified implant surface. During immersion in an artificial saliva (7 days), the hydrolyzed collagen-modified implant remained stable, which is crucial for minimizing the possible negative biological effects on patient’s health.

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Influence of HAP on the Morpho-Structural Properties and Corrosion Resistance of ZrO2-Based Composites for Biomedical Applications

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst11020202 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 202

Author(s):

Réka Barabás ◽

Carmen Ioana Fort ◽

Graziella Liana Turdean ◽

Liliana Bizo

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Synergetic Effect ◽

Composite Layer ◽

Charge Transfer Resistance ◽

Processing Route ◽

Dental Alloys ◽

Metallic Electrode ◽

Transfer Resistance ◽

X Ray

In the present work, ZrO2-based composites were prepared by adding different amounts of antibacterial magnesium oxide and bioactive and biocompatible hydroxyapatite (HAP) to the inert zirconia. The composites were synthesized by the conventional ceramic processing route and morpho-structurally analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Two metallic dental alloys (i.e., Ni–Cr and Co–Cr) coated with a chitosan (Chit) membrane containing the prepared composites were exposed to aerated artificial saliva solutions of different pHs (i.e., 4.3, 5, 6) and the corrosion resistances were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. The obtained results using the two investigated metallic dental alloys shown quasi-similar anticorrosive properties, having quasi-similar charge transfer resistance, when coated with different ZrO2-based composites. This behavior could be explained by the synergetic effect between the diffusion process through the Chit-composite layer and the roughness of the metallic electrode surface.

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Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Electrodeposited Poly(M-Aminophenol) Coating

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.317.498 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 317 ◽

pp. 498-505

Author(s):

Sabrina M. Yahaya ◽

Mohamad Kamal Harun ◽

Ismaliza Ismail ◽

Rosmamuhamadani Ramli

Keyword(s):

Mild Steel ◽

Steel Surface ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Impedance Measurement ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Electrical Circuit ◽

Significant Drop ◽

Mild Steel Surface ◽

Barrier Resistance ◽

And Performance

In this study, poly(m-aminophenol) (PMAP) coating was electrochemically synthesized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) on mild steel surface to investigate the effects of its barrier protection within the scope of its electrochemical impedance towards further oxidation of the mild steel substrates. The developed PMAP coating were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The barrier resistance ability of PMAP coating towards corrosion of mild steel was determined in 0.5 M aqueous sodium chloride solution (NaCl) at various immersion times by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The barrier properties were interpreted through impedance measurement using Nyquist and Bode plots. Equivalent electrical circuit models derived from the plots were employed to describe the coating barrier behaviour and performance. Data obtained showed that, the oxidation peak of PMAP coating were observed at potential +1.0 V (Ag/AgCl). The micrograph of FESEM indicates the formation of a dense and continous PMAP coatings. In FTIR analyses, the presence of peak around 1082 cm-1 ascribed to C–O–C etheric linkage which supported the formation of electro polymerized PMAP coating on mild steel surface. EIS measurement revealed that, PMAP coatings experienced a significant drop in total impedance values with time followed by the development of an electrochemical reactions on coating/metal interface, which indicates the gradual degradation of the barrier resistance ability of the PMAP coatings.

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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Study of Passive Film on Titanium-Silver Alloys in Artificial Saliva

ECS Meeting Abstracts ◽

10.1149/ma2005-01/4/246 ◽

2005 ◽

Keyword(s):

Spectroscopic Study ◽

Passive Film ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Silver Alloys ◽

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic

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Corrosion Behavior of Ti-7 Wt.% Mn Alloy in Artificial Saliva

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.835.288 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 835 ◽

pp. 288-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adel Attia ◽

Lobna A. Khorshed ◽

Lamiaa Z. Mohamed ◽

Mohammed A. Gepreel

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Annealed Sample ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Corrosion Properties ◽

X Ray ◽

Specific Strength ◽

Corrosion Resistance Property ◽

Cold Rolled ◽

Dental Applications

Ti-Mn alloy has a high specific strength, excellent cold workability and good biocompatibility. A cold rolled Ti-7 wt.% Mn was compared to annealed sample at 900°C for 10 min and the corrosion resistance property was tested in artificial saliva solution (AS). The Ti-7 wt.% Mn alloys (cold rolled and annealed) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and compared to pure Ti. Simultaneously, the alloys tested in the AS solution for up to 28 days mainly by following the open-circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), SEM and EDX. Annealed Ti-7wt.% Mn showed good corrosion properties similar to that of pure Ti, hence the new Ti-7wt.%Mn alloy have higher specific strength than pure Ti, yet showed same corrosion properties which favor implanted dental applications.

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MONITORED DEFORMATION BY POTENTIAL-INDUCED DEFECTS IN CH3(CH2)n−1SH SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS ON GOLD: EIS STUDY OF CHAIN LENGTH EFFECT ON SUBDIFFUSION AND SAMs’ HETEROGENEITY

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x19500677 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 1950067 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

AHMED MOUGARI ◽

MOKHTAR ZABAT ◽

SMAIL BOUDJADAR

Keyword(s):

Charge Transfer ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Defect Density ◽

Charge Transfer Resistance ◽

Electrical Circuit ◽

Transfer Resistance ◽

Low Frequencies ◽

Interface Evolution ◽

Impedance Measurements ◽

Self Assembled

From the defects-free self-assembled organic layers (SAMs) of CH3([Formula: see text]SH molecules with short chain lengths ([Formula: see text]) electrodeposited on the (111) surface of monocrystalline gold previously prepared, monitored defects (pinholes) were potential-induced from cyclic partial reduction of SAMs at an appropriate potential. Electrochemical impedance measurements were in-situ conducted and [Fe(CN)6][Formula: see text] ions were used as probes for mass and charge transfer. Interface evolution was modeled with an equivalent electrical circuit containing two distinct constant-phase elements (CPEs). One is a generalized semi-infinite Warburg element in series with a charge transfer resistance attributed to subdiffusion phenomenon through leaky sublayers at low frequencies; the other CPE is used for characterizing the interface heterogeneity at medium and high frequencies. At low frequencies, electrochemical impedance measurements show subdiffusion phenomenon, which depends on the remaining sublayer and its thickness. When the defect density increases, diffusion tends to be ordinary, obeying the Fick’s law.

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There Is a Future for N-Heterocyclic Carbene Iron(II) Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Improving Performance through Changes in the Electrolyte

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12244181 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (24) ◽

pp. 4181 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mariia Karpacheva ◽

Vanessa Wyss ◽

Catherine E. Housecroft ◽

Edwin C. Constable

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Alkyl Chain ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Dye Sensitized ◽

Sensitized Solar Cells

By systematic tuning of the components of the electrolyte, the performances of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) with an N-heterocyclic carbene iron(II) dye have been significantly improved. The beneficial effects of an increased Li+ ion concentration in the electrolyte lead to photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs) up to 0.66% for fully masked cells (representing 11.8% relative to 100% set for N719) and an external quantum efficiency maximum (EQEmax) up to approximately 25% due to an increased short-circuit current density (JSC). A study of the effects of varying the length of the alkyl chain in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide ionic liquids (ILs) shows that a longer chain results in an increase in JSC with an overall efficiency up to 0.61% (10.9% relative to N719 set at 100%) on going from n-methyl to n-butyl chain, although an n-hexyl chain leads to no further gain in PCE. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) support the trends in JSC and open-circuit voltage (VOC) parameters. A change in the counterion from I− to [BF4]− for 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide ionic liquid leads to DSCs with a remarkably high JSC value for an N-heterocyclic carbene iron(II) dye of 4.90 mA cm−2, but a low VOC of 244 mV. Our investigations have shown that an increased concentration of Li+ in combination with an optimized alkyl chain length in the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide IL in the electrolyte leads to iron(II)-sensitized DSC performances comparable with those of containing some copper(I)-based dyes.

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