scholarly journals The Implementation of Industrial Byproduct in Malaysian Peat Improvement: A Sustainable Soil Stabilization Approach

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7315
Author(s):  
Afnan Ahmad ◽  
Muslich Hartadi Sutanto ◽  
Niraku Rosmawati binti Ahmad ◽  
Mastura Bujang ◽  
Mazizah Ezdiani Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Dense Matrix ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Problematic Soil ◽  
Standard Compaction

Peat is a well-known problematic soil associated with poor engineering properties. Its replacement with an expensive competent foundation material is practiced for road embankment construction which is costly and causes greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, this paper investigated the effectiveness of a byproduct from a metal industry (silica fume) to stabilize peat along with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) through a series of experimental tests. After peat-indexed characterization, a number of standard compaction and mechanical tests were performed on the stabilized and parent peat. For this purpose, nine designated mixes were prepared possessing various combinations of silica fume (SF) and 10–20% OPC. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were carried out after 7, 14, and 28 days of curing to assess strength enhancement and binder effectiveness, and the microstructural evolution induced by the binders was examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis revealed a substantial improvement in mechanical properties with the incorporation of SF and OPC, ultimately meeting the minimum strength requirement for highway construction (i.e., 345 kPa). A peak UCS of 1063.94 kPa was recorded at 20% SF, and an unsoaked CBR value of 42.95 was observed using 15% SF and 15% OPC after 28 days of curing. Furthermore, the increasing percentage of hydraulic binders exhibited brittle, collapsible failure, while the microstructural study revealed the formation of a dense matrix with a refined pore structure in the treated peat. Finally, a significant statistical analysis was carried out by correlating the test parameters. In this way, rather than stockpiling and dumping, an industrial byproduct was implemented in peat stabilization in an eco-friendly manner.

Bearing Capacity Improvement of Shallow Foundations Using Cement-Stabilized Sand

2016 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 795-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Rasouli ◽  
Hana Takhtfirouzeh ◽  
Abbasali Taghavi Ghalesari ◽  
Roya Hemati
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Shallow Foundation ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Suitable Material

In order to attain a satisfactory level of safety and stability in the construction of structures on weak soil, one of the best solutions can be soil improvement. The addition of a certain percentage of some materials to the soil may compensate for its deficiency. Cement is a suitable material to be used for stabilization and modification of a wide variety of soils. By using this material, the engineering properties of soil can be improved. In this study, the effect of soil stabilization with cement on the bearing capacity of a shallow foundation was studied by employing finite element method. The material properties were obtained by conducting experimental tests on cement-stabilized sand. Cement varying from 2% to 8% by soil dry weight was added for stabilization. The effect of reinforced soil block dimensions, foundation width and cement content were investigated. From the results, it can be figured out that by stabilizing the soil below the foundation to certain dimensions with the necessary cement content, the bearing capacity of the foundation will increase to an acceptable level.

scholarly journals Lab scale Footing Analysis on Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1921-1926
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Pore Filling ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Expansive soil implies low bearing capacity and high swelling property perhaps causes serious problems during construction includes low stability, non-uniform settlements and shear distribution. The soil stabilization is one such method to improve the process and it depends upon the soil condition and the nature of soil according to the desired requirements of footing. This study aims to increase the index and engineering properties of soil by addition of the natural fiber (sisal), lime and silica fume. Soil stabilization by lime involves the admixture in the form of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide to the soil and silica fume as an industrial waste by product acts as a pore filling material. The project is economically viable because the stabilizing materials are easily available and less cost. This project is also analyzed by using the PLAXIS software.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Expansive Soil with Addition of Wood Husk Ash and Silica Fume

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-323
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Experimental Investigations

Soil is the foundation material which supports loads from an overlying structure; it mainly consists of minerals, organic matter, liquids etc. In India the soil most present is Clay, using which the construction of sub grade is deemed problematic. as Clayey soils are expansive soils. The problem of using clayey soil for civil engineering constructions has been observed since early ages.. On the basis of type of soil, soil stabilization is undertaken and is a major technology in construction engineering. Soil strengthening refers to the process of enhancing physical, chemical and mechanical properties of soil to maintain its stability. In this investigation, an attempt has been made to improve the engineering properties of locally available clayey soil near Mahabalipuram by making a composite mix with silica fume and wood ash with equal composition in various proportions. Addition of such materials will increase the physical as well as chemical properties of the soil. study, experimental investigations are carried out to study the beneficial effects of stabilizing Clay soil using silica fume and wood ash with 3%, 5% and 7%. The tests were conducted in order to evaluate the improvement in strength characteristics of the sub graded soil. The parameters tested included the Atterberg limits, Modified Proctor Density, California bearing ratio (CBR). Results showed that the geotechnical parameters of clay soil improved substantially by the addition of wood husk ash and silica fume

scholarly journals Soil Stabilization on Problematic Soil with Traditional Stabilizer

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 11361-11364
Keyword(s):  
Compression Test ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Problematic Soil ◽  
Made In

The tumble down behaviour of super structure and substructure is caused due to the problematic soil which is more prone to shrink-swell process. In this event to contrive, a substitute which is naturally available has been blended with virgin soil. The basic Engineering properties has been studied which shows more positive results towards Atterberg’s Limit. The mould is embossed with the soil with lime at different proportion of 0 %, 2%, 4% and 8 %. The strength of the soil was studied with help of unconfined compression test. For 8% lime, UCC value is 2250 kPa in 28 days which shows the formation of cementitious material. An attempt made in this paper is to show the firmness of soil and lime.

Stabilization of Clayey Soils by Using the Organic Waste-Material

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Necmi Yarba ◽  
Ekrem Kalkan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Clayey Soils ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Problematic Soil ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Soil stabilization known as the process of improving the engineering properties of soils is a method applied when the engineering properties of soil are not suitable for purpose. There are several methods of soil stabilization that could be implemented to improve the physical characteristics of the soil. In this study, the pine tree sawdust as an organic material wase used as additive material for stabilization of clayey soils and the influence of pine tree sawdust on the geotechnical properties of clayey soil was investigated in terms of strength behaviors. The pine tree sawdust is an organic waste resulting from the mechanical milling or processing of timber (wood) into various standard shapes and useable sizes. The strength properties of the clayey soil when blended with pine tree sawdust indicates that the pine tree sawdust is a good stabilization material for this problematic soil. As a result, it is concluded that the pine tree sawdust material as an organic material can be successfully used for the reinforce of clayey soils in the geotechnical applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Optimum Utilization of Silica Fume and Eggshell Ash to the Engineering Properties of Expansive Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syamsul Imran Zaini ◽  
Muzamir Hasan ◽  
Ling Sin Yie ◽  
Khairil Azman Masri ◽  
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Optimum Utilization

scholarly journals An Effective Method of Modeling the Deformation Behavior of Polymer Sandwich Structures with Adhesive Joints

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Takács ◽  
Ferenc Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Stiffness Matrices ◽  
Layered Shells

AbstractPolymer sandwich structures have high bending stiffness and strength and also low weight. Therefore, they are widely used in the transportation industry. In the conceptual design phase, it is essential to have a method to model the mechanical behavior of the sandwich and its adhesive joints accurately in full-vehicle scale to investigate different structure partitioning strategies. In this paper, a novel approach using finite element modeling is introduced. The sandwich panels are modeled with layered shells and the joint lines with general stiffness matrices. Stiffness parameters of the face-sheets and the core material are obtained via mechanical tests. Stiffness parameters of the joints are determined by using the method of Design of Experiments, where detailed sub-models of the joints serve as a reference. These models are validated with experimental tests of glass-fiber reinforced vinyl ester matrix composite sandwich structure with a foam core. By using two joint designs and three reference geometries, it is shown that the method is suitable to describe the deformation behavior in a full-vehicle scale with sufficient accuracy.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic, Molecular and Mechanical Testing Diagnostics in Natural Fibre Reinforced, Polymer-Stabilized Earth Blocks

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Galán-Marín ◽  
C. Rivera-Gómez ◽  
F. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Earth Blocks

The aim of this research study was to evaluate the influence of utilising natural polymers as a form of soil stabilization, in order to assess their potential for use in building applications. Mixtures were stabilized with a natural polymer (alginate) and reinforced with wool fibres in order to improve the overall compressive and flexural strength of a series of composite materials. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and mechanical strength testing techniques were then used to measure the porous properties of the manufactured natural polymer-soil composites, which were formed into earth blocks. Mechanical tests were carried out for three different clays which showed that the polymer increased the mechanical resistance of the samples to varying degrees, depending on the plasticity index of each soil. Variation in soil grain size distributions and Atterberg limits were assessed and chemical compositions were studied and compared. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) techniques were all used in conjunction with qualitative identification of the aggregates. Ultrasonic wave propagation was found to be a useful technique for assisting in the determination of soil shrinkage characteristics and fibre-soil adherence capacity and UPV results correlated well with the measured mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Performance of electrokinetic treatment of fine-grained problematic soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ayopo Abiodun ◽  
◽  
Zalihe Nalbantoglu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Electrode Length ◽  
Problematic Soils

Electrokinetic (EK) treatment is an innovative, cost-effective in situ ground modification technology. The EK treatment uses a combination of low-voltage direct-current, electrodes, and ionic solutions across problematic soil to improve the ground conditions. This study aims to model the effect of changing electrode length (le) on the performance of the EK treatment on the engineering properties of fine-grained problematic soils. The consideration of the changing electrode lengths (le), varying soil depths (ds), and lengthwise anode to cathode distances (dA↔E), in the soil block samples, is in the form of the laboratory model test tank. The significant performance of the experimental tests was with changing electrode lengths of 0.25le (7.5 cm), 0.50le (15.0 cm), 0.75le (22.5 cm), and 1.0le (30.0 cm). The study analyzed the test data obtained from the Atterberg limit and one-dimensional swelling tests at different extraction points of the EK treated soils in the test tanks. Furthermore, the study carefully analyzed the effect of changing electrode length (le) on the performance of the EK treatment. The results of the Design of Experiment (DOE) model analysis revealed that the effect of changing electrode length (le) on the plasticity index (PI), and swelling potential (SP) of the EK treated soils, was significant. For a specific soil depth (ds), the electrode lengths (le) of 0.50le and 0.75le were significantly effective in reducing the PI, and the SP of the EK treated soils. Unlike other studies in the literature, the use of DOE analysis in the present study enabled the detection of the significant input factors and their interactive effects on the PI and the SP, thus, enabling the practicing engineers to navigate accurate design models for large in situ applications.

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