scholarly journals Development of a Low-Cost Vibration Measurement System for Industrial Applications

Machines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Villarroel ◽  
Grover Zurita ◽  
Romeo Velarde
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Vibration Measurements ◽  
New Guidelines

Vibration-Based Condition Monitoring (VBCM) provides essential data to perform Condition-Based Maintenance for efficient, optimal, reliable, and safe industrial machinery operation. However, equipment required to perform VBCM is often relatively expensive. In this paper, a low-cost vibration measurement system based on a microcontroller platform is presented. The FRDM K64F development board was selected as the most suitable for fulfilling the system requirements. The industrial environment is highly contaminated by noise (electromagnetic, combustion, airborne, sound borne, and mechanical noise). Developing a proper antialiasing filter to reduce industrial noise is a real challenge. In order to validate the developed system, evaluations of frequency response and phase noise were carried out. Additionally, vibration measurements were recorded in the industry under different running conditions and machine configurations. Data were collected simultaneously using a standard reference system and the low-cost vibration measurement system. Results were processed using Fast Fourier Transform and Welch’s method. Finally, a low-cost vibration measurement system was successfully created. The validation process demonstrates the robustness, reliability, and accuracy of this research approach. Results confirm a correlation between signal frequency spectrum obtained using both measurement systems. We also introduce new guidelines for practical data storage, communications, and validation process for vibration measurements.

scholarly journals Software development firmware system for broken rotor bar detection and diagnosis of induction motor through current signature analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 6917-6933
Author(s):  
H. Pita ◽  
G. Zurita ◽  
A. Villarroel
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Signature Analysis ◽  
Broken Rotor Bar ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Current Signature

The induction motors (IMs) are undoubtedly the most used machines in industries because of the advantages they offer such as simplicity, service continuity and low cost. Due to wear and tear, the motor suffers different types of mechanical and electrical failures. Depending on the criticality of the plant motors, it could be necessary to implement predictive techniques in order to detect the faults before they can cause unnecessary downtime. Therefore, in this paper, the research approach was to develop a low cost measurement system based on a micro controller platform for machine diagnosis. The FRDM K64F developing board was selected as the most suitable for satisfying the system conditions, and it was used to collect induction motor`s current data. In order to validate the accuracy of the developed system, the Frequency Transfer Functions (FRF) of the developed measurement system and the standard system (NI USB-6009) were compare. It showed a flat frequency spectrum from 0 to 1 KHz, with small fluctuations of about 0.25 dB standard deviation. A fully automated test bench was implemented, which allows to perform all the measurement tests with the IMs, and in this case, the detection and diagnosis of broken bars. Around 240 tests were performed with varying loads, different rotation speeds, and with different severity damage levels in the rotor. The data analysis procedure for broken rotor bar detection and motor diagnosis was performed by the Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA), FFT and Enveloped Analysis (EA). Finally, the research approach was successfully accomplished, by the team by developing a software firmware measurement ultra-low cost development platform for machine diagnosis. It was also developed a proper antialiasing filter to reduce industrial noise. The effectiveness of the proposed system is detecting a weak fault in a noise signal. It was found out a new consistent and robust parameter called the pole pass frequency (fpsf), which could be used as a diagnosis parameter for detection of broken rotor bars faults, with their damage severity degree. The detected parameter can be found around 2.6 Hz, and it increases in amplitude with increasing damage severity.

scholarly journals Analisis Sistem Pengukuran Getaran Mems Accelerometer ADXL345

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Indra Feriadi ◽  
Fajar Aswin ◽  
M Iqbal Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical System ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Mems Accelerometer ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Develop Approach ◽  
Mems Technology

Vibration measurement technology using conventional sensors such as piezoelectric (PZT) Accelerometer is still expensive. Currently, many low-cost vibration measuring devices have been developed by using Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) technology. This study aims to analyze the results of vibration measurement system MEMS Accelerometer ADXL345 with PZT Accelerometer. This research applies design and develop approach with comparative data analysis technique, that is comparing data of result of measurement of MEMS Accelerometer ADXL345 to PZT Accelerometer Vibroport80. The construction comprises the ADXL345 sensor connected to the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller operated by Widows operating system and programming language Arduino IDE 1.08. Testing of measurements at Bearing speeds of 500, 1000, and 1500 RPM with length of time measurements at 5, 10, and 20 seconds respectively. The analysis of the test results shows that the MEMS Accelerometer ADXL345 of vibration measurement system can measure, process and display vibration measurement data larger 3% than PZT Accelerometer and can provide the best measurement accuracy at 20 seconds measurement length of time.

Classification Research of Rotation Speed Measurement

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 998-1003
Author(s):  
Zhe Zheng ◽  
Ren Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Speed Measurement

Instantaneous speed measurement system can accurately measure the rotating target and realize the rotation direction judgment. It plays a very important role in industrial applications, as monitoring or controlling the rotation speed of transmitter, motor, turbine. With the development of technology, a modern speed measurement system is demanded to be intelligent, high integration, high precision, high reliability, and low cost etc. Based on the large number of literatures, this paper is a comprehensive review of the principle and application of domestic and foreign mature technology of rotation speed measurement method at present. Through the systematic classification, relationship between the different speed measurements is revealed, and the advantages and disadvantages of different measuring sensor are presented, so that readers can choose reasonable speed measurement method depending on the application, the actual measurement requirements and the test purposes.

scholarly journals Remote Reflectivity Sensor for Industrial Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Federico Cavedo ◽  
Parisa Esmaili ◽  
Michele Norgia
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Interference Immunity ◽  
Surface Reflection ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Digital Detector ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Surface Optical ◽  
Diffused Light

A low-cost optical reflectivity sensor is proposed in this paper, able to detect the presence of objects or surface optical properties variations, at a distance of up to 20 m. A collimated laser beam is pulsed at 10 kHz, and a synchronous digital detector coherently measures the back-diffused light collected through a 1-inch biconvex lens. The sensor is a cost-effective solution for punctual measurement of the surface reflection at different distances. To enhance the interference immunity, an algorithm based on a double-side digital baseline restorer is proposed and implemented to accurately detect the amplitude of the reflected light. As results show, the sensor is robust against ambient light and shows a strong sensitivity on a wide reflection range. The capability of the proposed sensor was evaluated experimentally for object detection and recognition, in addition to dedicated measurement systems, like remote encoders or keyphasors, realized far from the object to be measured.

scholarly journals Deconstruction of Lignin: From Enzymes to Microorganisms

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2299
Author(s):  
Jéssica P. Silva ◽  
Alonso R. P. Ticona ◽  
Pedro R. V. Hamann ◽  
Betania F. Quirino ◽  
Eliane F. Noronha
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Lignocellulosic Residues ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Plant Polymer ◽  
Powerful Strategy

Lignocellulosic residues are low-cost abundant feedstocks that can be used for industrial applications. However, their recalcitrance currently makes lignocellulose use limited. In natural environments, microbial communities can completely deconstruct lignocellulose by synergistic action of a set of enzymes and proteins. Microbial degradation of lignin by fungi, important lignin degraders in nature, has been intensively studied. More recently, bacteria have also been described as able to break down lignin, and to have a central role in recycling this plant polymer. Nevertheless, bacterial deconstruction of lignin has not been fully elucidated yet. Direct analysis of environmental samples using metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics approaches is a powerful strategy to describe/discover enzymes, metabolic pathways, and microorganisms involved in lignin breakdown. Indeed, the use of these complementary techniques leads to a better understanding of the composition, function, and dynamics of microbial communities involved in lignin deconstruction. We focus on omics approaches and their contribution to the discovery of new enzymes and reactions that impact the development of lignin-based bioprocesses.

scholarly journals Enhanced catalytic ozonation of ibuprofen using a 3D structured catalyst with MnO2 nanosheets on carbon microfibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guhankumar Ponnusamy ◽  
Hajar Farzaneh ◽  
Yongfeng Tong ◽  
Jenny Lawler ◽  
Zhaoyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Structured Catalyst ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Carbon Microfibers

AbstractHeterogeneous catalytic ozonation is an effective approach to degrade refractory organic pollutants in water. However, ozonation catalysts with combined merits of high activity, good reusability and low cost for practical industrial applications are still rare. This study aims to develop an efficient, stable and economic ozonation catalyst for the degradation of Ibuprofen, a pharmaceutical compound frequently detected as a refractory pollutant in treated wastewaters. The novel three-dimensional network-structured catalyst, comprising of δ-MnO2 nanosheets grown on woven carbon microfibers (MnO2 nanosheets/carbon microfiber), was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal approach. Catalytic ozonation performance of Ibuprofen removal in water using the new catalyst proves a significant enhancement, where Ibuprofen removal efficiency of close to 90% was achieved with a catalyst loading of 1% (w/v). In contrast, conventional ozonation was only able to achieve 65% removal efficiency under the same operating condition. The enhanced performance with the new catalyst could be attributed to its significantly increased available surface active sites and improved mass transfer of reaction media, as a result of the special surface and structure properties of this new three-dimensional network-structured catalyst. Moreover, the new catalyst displays excellent stability and reusability for ibuprofen degradation over successive reaction cycles. The facile synthesis method and low-cost materials render the new catalyst high potential for industrial scaling up. With the combined advantages of high efficiency, high stability, and low cost, this study sheds new light for industrial applications of ozonation catalysts.

scholarly journals Redox initiation in semicontinuous polymerization to search for specific mechanical properties of copolymers

e-Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 613-623
Author(s):  
José Manuel Sandoval-Díaz ◽  
Francisco Javier Rivera-Gálvez ◽  
Marta Fernández-García ◽  
Carlos Federico Jasso-Gastinel
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Redox Initiation ◽  
Initiation System ◽  
Feeding Profile ◽  
Chain Composition

AbstractIn this work, for a semicontinuous emulsion polymerization reaction, it is shown that using a redox initiation system at 40°C, substantial modifications in copolymer chain composition with conversion can be easily obtained. To test controllable trajectories for comonomer feeding, linear and parabolic profiles were chosen to get different types of chain composition variations for the 50/50 w/w styrene/n-butyl acrylate system. For the “forced composition copolymers,” the molecular weight averages and distribution were obtained by size exclusion chromatography. The composition along conversion was followed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance to determine the weight composition distribution (WCD) of the copolymer chains. Mechanodynamic (dynamic-mechanical analysis), tensile, and hardness tests exhibited consistent results depending on the WCD that outcomes from the respective feeding profile. The results confirm that this methodology is of great potential for industrial applications when looking for synergy in copolymer properties, and low-cost processes.

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