scholarly journals Caulerpa Cupressoides Var. Flabellata

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Da Silva Barbosa ◽  
Mariana Santana Santos Pereira Costa ◽  
Luciana Fentanes Moura De Melo ◽  
Mayara Jane Campos De Medeiros ◽  
Daniel De Lima Pontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Immunostimulatory Activity ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Green seaweeds are rich sources of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) with potential biomedical and nutraceutical applications. The aim of this work was to evaluate the immunostimulatory activity of SPs from the seaweed, Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. SPs were evaluated for their ability to modify cell viability and to stimulate the production of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cytokines. Additionally, their effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) gene expression was investigated. The results showed that SPs were not cytotoxic and were able to increase in the production of NO, ROS and the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). It was also observed that treatment with SPs increased iNOS and COX-2 gene expression. Together, these results indicate that C. cupressoides var. flabellata SPs have strong immunostimulatory activity, with potential biomedical applications.

scholarly journals The effect of 131I-induced hypothyroidism on the levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and expression of NOS isoforms in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Gang Cheng ◽  
Hua Pang ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Nos Isoforms ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Accumulating evidence has shown that hypothyroidism affects the cardiovascular system, significantly increasing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. In the present study we investigated the effect of radioactive iodine (I-131)-induced hypothyroidism on several parameters of vascular function, such as nitric oxide (NO), total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and expression of NOS isoforms, as well as on interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as indicators of inflammation, in rats. A dose of 150 µCi of 131-I was determined as optimal for establishing the model of hypothyroidism in rats. After administration of 131-I, at the end of month 1, 2, and 4 (n = 3 for each time point), NO, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum and total NOS activity in the aorta were determined in 150 µCi group, compared to controls. The mRNA and protein expression of endothelial, neuronal, and inducible NOS (eNOS, nNOS, and iNOS) in the rat aorta was also estimated, using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α increased in 150 µCi group; the results were significant at the end of month 2 and 4 for IL-6, and at all time points for TNF-α. The levels of NO decreased significantly at the end of month 2 and 4 in 150 µCi group. The total NOS activity increased significantly in 150 µCi group, at all three time points. Significant changes in the mRNA and protein expression of all three NOS isoforms were observed in 150 µCi group compared to controls. NO, IL-6, TNF-α levels and NOS activity and expression are altered in hypothyroid state, and the underlying mechanism should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity and ROS Regulation Effect of Sinapaldehyde in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4089
Author(s):  
Seung-Hwa Baek ◽  
Tamina Park ◽  
Myung-Gyun Kang ◽  
Daeui Park
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Inos Mrna ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Docking Simulations ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase

We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of SNAH in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages by performing nitric oxide (NO) assays, cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, Western blotting, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. SNAH inhibited the production of NO (nitric oxide), reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6. Additionally, 100 μM SNAH significantly inhibited total NO and ROS inhibitory activity by 93% (p < 0.001) and 34% (p < 0.05), respectively. Protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) stimulated by LPS were also decreased by SNAH. Moreover, SNAH significantly (p < 0.001) downregulated the TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS mRNA expression upon LPS stimulation. In addition, 3–100 µM SNAH was not cytotoxic. Docking simulations and enzyme inhibitory assays with COX-2 revealed binding scores of −6.4 kcal/mol (IC50 = 47.8 μM) with SNAH compared to −11.1 kcal/mol (IC50 = 0.45 μM) with celecoxib, a known selective COX-2 inhibitor. Our results demonstrate that SNAH exerts anti-inflammatory effects via suppression of ROS and NO by COX-2 inhibition. Thus, SNAH may be useful as a pharmacological agent for treating inflammation-related diseases.

scholarly journals Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha- and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase-Producing Dendritic Cells Are Rapidly Recruited to the Bladder in Urinary Tract Infection but Are Dispensable for Bacterial Clearance

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 6100-6107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Engel ◽  
Ulrich Dobrindt ◽  
André Tittel ◽  
Petra Peters ◽  
Juliane Maurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

ABSTRACT The role of dendritic cells (DC) in urinary tract infections (UTI) is unknown. These cells contribute directly to the innate defense against various viral and bacterial infections. Here, we studied their role in UTI using an experimental model induced by transurethral instillation of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain 536 into C57BL/6 mice. While few DC were found in the uninfected bladder, many had been recruited after 24 h, mostly to the submucosa and uroepithelium. They expressed markers of activation and maturation and exhibited the CD11b+ F4/80+ CD8− Gr-1− myeloid subtype. Also, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)- and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-producing CD11bINT DC (Tip-DC) were detected, which recently were proposed to be critical in the defense against bacterial infections. However, Tip-DC-deficient CCR2−/− mice did not show reduced clearance of UPEC from the infected bladder. Moreover, clearance was also unimpaired in CD11c-DTR mice depleted of all DC by injection of diphtheria toxin. This may be explained by the abundance of granulocytes and of iNOS- and TNF-α-producing non-DC that were able to replace Tip-DC functionality. These findings demonstrate that some of the abundant DC recruited in UTI contributed innate immune effector functions, which were, however, dispensable in the microenvironment of the bladder.

scholarly journals Lymphotoxin Inhibits Chlamydia pneumoniae Growth in HEp-2 Cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 3175-3179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Matsushima ◽  
Mutsunori Shirai ◽  
Kazunobu Ouchi ◽  
Kenji Yamashita ◽  
Tetsu Kakutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Nuclear Transition ◽  
Intracellular Replication ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Inclusion Body Formation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT Cytokines such as gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibit the intracellular replication of Chlamydia pneumoniae or Chlamydia trachomatis. In this study, we found that another cytokine, lymphotoxin (TNF-β), restricts the growth of C. pneumoniae in HEp-2 cells. When lymphotoxin (10 U/ml) was added during incubation from 8 to 16 h postinoculation, inclusion body formation was severely reduced. In addition, we observed activation of nitric oxide production and the nuclear transition of NF-κB in HEp-2 cells in response to lymphotoxin. These results suggest that inhibition of chlamydial growth by lymphotoxin is mediated, at least in part, by nuclear transition of NF-κB, resulting in induction of nitric oxide synthase to produce nitric oxide, a potent bacteristatic agent. This is the first report on antichlamydial activity of lymphotoxin through induction of nitric oxide.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of 5α,8α-Epidioxycholest-6-en-3β-ol, a Steroidal Endoperoxide Isolated from Aplysia depilans, Based on Bioguided Fractionation and NMR Analysis

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato B. Pereira ◽  
David M. Pereira ◽  
Carlos Jiménez ◽  
Jaime Rodríguez ◽  
Rosa M. Nieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Nmr Analysis ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Sea hares of Aplysia genus are recognized as a source of a diverse range of metabolites. 5α,8α-Endoperoxides belong to a group of oxidized sterols commonly found in marine organisms and display several bioactivities, including antimicrobial, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory properties. Herein we report the isolation of 5α,8α-epidioxycholest-6-en-3β-ol (EnP(5,8)) from Aplysia depilans Gmelin, based on bioguided fractionation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, as well as the first disclosure of its anti-inflammatory properties. EnP(5,8) revealed capacity to decrease cellular nitric oxide (NO) levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by downregulation of the Nos2 (inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS) gene. Moreover, EnP(5,8) also inhibited the LPS-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) at the mRNA and protein levels. Mild selective inhibition of COX-2 enzyme activity was also evidenced. Our findings provide evidence of EnP(5,8) as a potential lead drug molecule for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Astaxanthin protective barrier and its ability to improve the health in patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali-Reza Ahmadi ◽  
Roya Ayazi-Nasrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Inflammation acts like a double-edged sword and can be harmful if not appropriately controlled. COVID-19 is created through a novel species of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). Elevated levels of inflammatory factors such as inter- leukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), etc. lead to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and severe complications of infection in the lungs of coronavirus-infected patients. Astaxanthin is a natural and potent carotenoid with powerful antioxidant activity as well as an anti-inflammatory agent that supports good health. The effects of astaxanthin on the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways and the reduction and suppression of cytokines and other inflam- matory agents such as IL-6 and TNF-α have already been identified. Therefore, these unique features can make this natural compound an excellent option to minimize inflammation and its consequences.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document