The Expanded Role of Chitosan in Localized Antimicrobial Therapy

Chitosan is one of the most studied natural origin polymers for biomedical applications. This review focuses on the potential of chitosan in localized antimicrobial therapy to address the challenges of current rising antimicrobial resistance. Due to its mucoadhesiveness, chitosan offers the opportunity to prolong the formulation residence time at mucosal sites; its wound healing properties open possibilities to utilize chitosan as wound dressings with multitargeted activities and more. We provide an unbiased overview of the state-of-the-art chitosan-based delivery systems categorized by the administration site, addressing the site-related challenges and evaluating the representative formulations. Specifically, we offer an in-depth analysis of the current challenges of the chitosan-based novel delivery systems for skin and vaginal infections, including its formulations optimizations and limitations. A brief overview of chitosan’s potential in treating ocular, buccal and dental, and nasal infections is included. We close the review with remarks on toxicity issues and remaining challenges and perspectives.

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Natural bio-based monomers for biomedical applications: a review

Biomaterials Research ◽

10.1186/s40824-021-00208-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mallinath S. Birajdar ◽

Haejin Joo ◽

Won-Gun Koh ◽

Hansoo Park

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

New Products ◽

Well Being ◽

Synthetic Polymer ◽

Polymer Materials ◽

Natural Origin ◽

The Past ◽

Synthetic Materials ◽

Suitable Potential

Abstract In recent years, synthetic and semi-synthetic polymer materials have been widely used in various applications. Especially concerning biomedical applications, their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity have increased the interest of researchers to discover and develop new products for the well-being of humanity. Among the synthetic and semi-synthetic materials, the use of natural bio-based monomeric materials presents a possible novel avenue for the development of new biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic products. The purpose of this article is to review the information on the role of natural bio-based monomers in biomedical applications. Increased eco-friendliness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and intrinsic biological activity are some of the attributes which make itaconic, succinic, citric, hyaluronic, and glutamic acids suitable potential materials for biomedical applications. Herein, we summarize the most recent advances in the field over the past ten years and specifically highlight new and interesting discoveries in biomedical applications. Graphical abstract Natural origin acid-based bio-monomers for biomedical applications

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Role of novel delivery systems in developing topical antioxidants as therapeutics to combat photoageing

Ageing Research Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.arr.2007.08.006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 271-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Indu P. Kaur ◽

Meenakshi Kapila ◽

Rumjhum Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Delivery Systems ◽

Novel Delivery Systems

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Assessing the Role of Modern Excipients for Delivery of Gold Nanoparticles

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i6-s.4585 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6-s) ◽

pp. 151-158

Author(s):

Abdul Waheed ◽

Nayela Ghazal

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Polymer Compatibility ◽

Nanoparticles Stability ◽

Delivery Approach

Using the drug delivery approach, we explain the role lipids and polymers perform in the delivery of gold nanoparticles. They were tested alongside drug and polymer compatibility using pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. The collected data demonstrate the production of gold nanoparticles' stability and strong therapeutic effects. We illustrate some of the intriguing categories of targeting systems for the delivery of Au G Nanoparticles that are under development. Polymers containing reactive functional groups to combine targeting binding sites, cell receptors, or drugs are also coated with nanoparticles engineered for biomedical applications. The present review focuses on utilization of modern excipients, lipids, polymers in formulation of delivery systems that can efficiently delivery the gold nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles have outranged in their use for treating wide health diseases with limited side effects. The next generation medical deliverables are majorly focused on gold nanoparticles. Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, Lipids, Polymers, Delivery systems, Excipients, Diseases.

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Molecular Design and Medicinal Applications of Nano-Nitric Oxide Delivery Systems

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867324666170407141222 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 1420-1432 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kim Truc Nguyen ◽

Zhuoran Wu ◽

Tiantian Huang ◽

Chor Yong Tay

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Molecular Design ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Biological Functions ◽

Design And Synthesis ◽

Current State ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Nitric Oxide Delivery

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) plays important regulatory roles in a plethora of biological functions and thus holds tremendous potential to be exploited for clinical uses. However, the chemistries in the molecular design of nano-nitric oxide delivery systems is currently lacking. Objective: The overarching aim of this review is to provide the readers with the fundamentals that relate to the design of NO release molecules (NORMs), loading and releasing mechanism, as well as delivery of NORMs for nanotherapeutics. Methods: We conducted a thorough literature search on the design and synthesis of NORMs, as well as the current state-of-the-art NO compatible delivery platforms to address various clinical needs. Results: N-diazeniumdiolate and S-nitrosothiol based NO molecules are among the most widely used NORMs for anti-cancer and anti-microbial applications. The innovative integration of these NORMs with cytocompatible organic and inorganic nanocarriers enabled controlled spatiotemporal delivery and release of NO at the targeted diseased sites. Conclusion: We have provided a comprehensive summary of the fundamental chemistries underpinning the molecular design of the NORMs and critically assessed the recent advancements of nano-NO delivery systems for advanced biomedical applications.

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Electrosprayed Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery systems for Biomedical Applications

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612827666210929114621 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

Author(s):

Sairish Malik ◽

Sundarrajan Subramanian ◽

Tanveer Hussain ◽

Ahsan Nazir ◽

Seeram Ramakrishna

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Single Step ◽

Synthetic Materials ◽

Biomedical Field ◽

Literature Production ◽

Double Emulsification

Background: Nanotechnology is a tool being used intensely in the area of drug delivery systems in the biomedical field. Electrospraying is one of the nanotechnological methods, which is growing due to its importance in the development of nanoparticles comprising bioactive compounds. It is helpful in improving the efficacy, reducing side effects of active drug elements, and is useful in targeted drug delivery. When compared to other conventional methods like nanoprecipitation, emulsion diffusion, and double emulsification, electrospraying offers better advantages to produce micro/nanoparticles due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and single-step process. Objective: The aim of this paper is to highlight the use of electrosprayed nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Methods: We conducted a literature review on the usage of natural and synthetic materials to produce nanoparticles, which can be used as a drug delivery system for medical purposes. Results: We summarized a possible key role of electrosprayed nanoparticles in different therapeutic applications (tissue regeneration, cancer). Conclusion: The modest literature production denotes that further investigation is needed to assess and validate the promising role of drug-loaded nanoparticles through the electrospraying process as noninvasive materials in the biomedical field.

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Bacterial Ghosts-Based Vaccine and Drug Delivery Systems

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13111892 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1892

Author(s):

Haojie Chen ◽

Hao Ji ◽

Xiangjun Kong ◽

Pengyu Lei ◽

Qinsi Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Research Progress ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Vaccine Adjuvants ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Bacterial Ghosts ◽

Cloned Gene ◽

Novel Delivery Systems

Bacterial ghosts (BGs) are empty bacterial envelopes of Gram-negative bacteria produced by controlled expressions of cloned gene E, forming a lysis tunnel structure within the envelope of the living bacteria. Globally, BGs have been used as vaccine delivery systems and vaccine adjuvants. There is an increasing interest in the development of novel delivery systems that are based on BGs for biomedical applications. Due to intact reservation of bacterial cell membranes, BGs have an inherent immunogenicity, which enables targeted drug delivery and controlled release. As carrier vehicles, BGs protect drugs from interference by external factors. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in BG-based delivery systems against tumors, inflammation, and infection, among others. Herein, we reviewed the preparation methods for BGs, interactions between BGs and the host, and further highlighted research progress in BG development.

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