Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in vocal fold polyps

Objective. Vocal fold polyps are the most common benign laryngeal lesions. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) play an important role in the physiological and pathological remodeling of tissues. The most important subgroup of MMP family consists of gelatinases A and B (MMP-2 and MMP-9). The objective of this study was investigation of the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in vocal fold polyps and normal tissue of vocal folds. Material and methods. The immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was investigated in specimens taken by endolaryngeal microsurgery from vocal fold polyps (n=30) and normal tissue of vocal fold (n=13, control group). Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, both in epithelium and stroma cells, was graded on a semiquantitative scale, ranging from 0 (no expression) to 6 points (high expression). Results. A statistically significant increase was observed in the expression of MMP-2 in stroma cells (P=0.0176) of vocal fold polyps compared to control vocal fold group, whereas no significant difference in the expression of MMP-2 was found in epithelium cells (P=0.1487). Comparison of expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in epithelium cells revealed a statistically significant increase in MMP-9 expression (P<0.01) in both groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the expression of MMP-9 between groups of vocal fold polyps and control vocal folds. Conclusion. Expression of MMP-2 in stroma was significantly higher in polyps than in normal tissue of vocal folds. Our data draw attention to the role of MMP-2 in the development of vocal fold polyps and necessity of further investigations to define its function in morphogenesis of laryngeal benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions.

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Changing Trends of Color of Different Laryngeal Regions in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/0145561319854745 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (8) ◽

pp. 543-547

Author(s):

Chen Du ◽

Paige Thayer ◽

Yan Yan ◽

Qingsong Liu ◽

Li Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽

Ph Monitoring ◽

Vocal Folds ◽

Control Group ◽

Negative Group ◽

Positive Group ◽

Changing Trends ◽

Significant Difference ◽

False Vocal ◽

And Control

Introduction: In our previous study, we demonstrated that there might be correlations between laryngopharyngeal reflux disorder and the hue value of laryngoscopic images. And we found that different regions of larynx have different hue values. It was hypothesized that the degree of inflammation varies between different laryngeal regions, due to an acid reflux pattern. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the changing trends of hue values of different laryngeal regions in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) disease. Methods: Ninety-seven patients, including 20 pH-positive, 19 pH-negative were tested for LPR through multichannel intraluminal impedance 24-hour pH monitoring, and 58 controls with reflux symptom index less than 13. Laryngoscopic images of all patients were obtained. The hue values of 7 areas of interest, including both sides of the true vocal folds, the false vocal folds, the arytenoids, and the interarytenoid space, were quantified using a hue calculation. The analysis of variance analysis was applied to find if there was significant difference between different groups within each region. Results: (1) In the regions of both sides of the true vocal folds and interarytenoid, there was no significant difference between positive group and negative group; (2) in the regions of both sides of false vocal folds, there was no significant difference between negative group and control group; (3) in the regions of both sides of arytenoids, there was neither significant difference between positive group and negative group nor between negative group and control group; (4) in other comparisons, there were significant differences. Conclusion: Hue values of separate laryngeal regions are different. In negative group, the hue values of interarytenoid region are similar with positive group, and the sensitivity to the acid are different from different regions. The sensitivity in the true vocal folds may be present.

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COMPARISON OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT OR BENIGN LARYNGEAL LESIONS AND HEALTHY INDIVDUALS IN TERMS OF HEMATOLOGICAL INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS

10.22541/au.161052994.47192081/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

BİLAL SİZER ◽

Ümit Yılmaz ◽

Vefa Kınış

Keyword(s):

Study Data ◽

Control Group ◽

Severe Dysplasia ◽

Inflammatory Parameters ◽

Laryngeal Lesion ◽

Normal Individuals ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Benign Laryngeal Lesions ◽

And Control

Purpose: Recent studies have shown a relationship between cancer and inflammatory response. The aim of this study is to compare NLR and PLR values, which are inflammatory parameters, in precancerous and cancerous lesions and to determine whether there is a parameter that can be used in the early diagnosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods:174 patients who were benign as a result of pathology, 122 patients who were malignant, 39 patients who were premalignant (335 patients in total) and 117 normal individuals were included in the study. Data groups were divided into 4 groups as Benign Laryngeal Lesion(BLL), Precancerous Laryngeal Lesion(PLL), Malignant Laryngeal Lesion(MLL) and Control Group(CG). In addition, the PLL group was subdivided into Mild Dysplasia(MiD), Moderate Dysplasia(MoD) and Severe dysplasia-carcinoma in situ (SeD/CIS). NLR, PLR and other parameters were calculated. Results: NLR and PLR values were significantly different between the groups. (p = 0.000, p = 0.002) The mean NLR was higher in the MLL and PLL groups, and was lower in the BLL and control groups. The mean PLR was also higher in the MLL and PLL groups. When the groups were compared in pairs, there was a significant difference between BLL and MLL (p = 0.001) and MLL and CG.(p = 0.006) The PLL group was subdivided into MiD, MoD and SeD / CIS. There was a significant difference in NLR when CG and other subgroups were compared.(p = 0.027) Significant differences were found between CG and SeD when the groups were compared in pairs.(p = 0.007) There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of PLR and dysplasia.(P = 0.516) Conclusion: As revealed in this study, these rates were low in the CG and BLL groups and high in the MLL group, so they could be used as markers to differentiate malignant lesions.

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Voice analysis and vocal cord assessment in asthmatic children

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa063.036 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

E A Zaky ◽

E M Fouda ◽

H A Eldesouky ◽

A S Abdhakeem

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Vocal Folds ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Voice Analysis ◽

Abnormal Finding ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Abstract Aim of work This is a cross sectional case control study to asses vocal folds abnormalities and voice analysis in asthmatic children to detect subclinical changes and to correlate them with their various clinical and functional grading and level of control. Methods the study included 48 asthmatic children (34 males and 14 females ) regularly attending Pediatric chest Clinic, Ain Shams university for follow up.Their median age was 7.8 years ± 2.15 IQR. A 12 age and sex matched healthy children were chosen as control group. For all patients and control the following were done: history taking,General and chest examination, Spirometry Pulmonary functions(FEV1,FVC,), videolaryngoscopy (VLS)and Multidimensional voice analysis (MDVA) . Results VideoLaryngoscopy (VLS) of asthmatic patients showed different abnormalities in 26 cases ( 54.2% ).eg Phonatory west 1mm from the middle line(4 cases), Bilateral vocal folds nodules (4 cases), Bilateral thickening of both vocal folds(3 cases), Vocal fold cyst.(4 cases). Asthmatic children with abnormal finding in (VLS) had a statistical significant lower values of FEV1 and MMEF with higher percentage of poor asthma control. Voice analysis showed impairment of voice acoustics in asthmatic children with significant difference between asthmatic and control as regards voice analysis data with significant higher jitter and shimmer dB (measure of voice amplitude and detector of early hoarseness of voice) . Conclusion Asthmatic patients may have an associated Laryngeal or vocal folds abnormalities which are considered a comorbid condition and one of the causes of poor asthma control. Voice analysis may help in detection of subclinical hoarseness of voice which may be sequelae of chronic cough or side effects of inhaled steroids.

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Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24191/jchs.v1i1.5850 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Nazli Zainuddin ◽

Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽

Rosdan Salim

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Side Effects ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Test Group ◽

Nasal Symptom ◽

Control Group ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

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Enrichment of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diet with Malic acid: Effects on skin mucosal immunity, antioxidant defecne and growth performance

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2020-0092 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Roghieh Safari ◽

Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar ◽

Maryam Dadar ◽

Hien Van Doan

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Malic Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Skin Mucus ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Treatment Comparison ◽

Genes Expression ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

AbstractThe present study investigated possible effects of dietary malic acid on the expression of immunity, antioxidant and growth related genes expression as well as skin mucus immune parameters in common carp. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings were fed diets supplemented with different levels (0 [control], 0.5%, 1%, 2%) of malic acid (MA) for 60 days. The results revealed highest expression levels of immune-related genes (tnf-alpha, il1b, il8 and lyz) in skin of common carp fed 2% MA (P < 0.05). Regarding 1% MA treatment comparison with control group, significant difference was noticed just in case of lyz (P < 0.05). Evaluation of growth related genes expression revealed no significant difference between treatments (P > 0.05). The study of antioxidant related genes (gsta and gpx) in common carp skin fed with MA, showed significant difference between treated groups and control (P < 0.05). Carps fed with 2% MA had highest alkaline phosphatase activity in skin mucus compared other treated groups and control (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference between 0.5% and 1% and control (P > 0.05). The study of total protein and total immunoglobulin (Ig) in common carp skin musus revealed no alteration following MA treatment (P > 0.05). The present data demonstrated that feeding with MA altered immune and antioxidant genes expression in skin mucus of common carp.

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THE EFFECT OF THE ATTITUDE TOWARD BREASTFEEDING CONCEPT BASED COMIC ON THE ADOLESCENCE'S ATTITUDE TOWARD EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING

INDONESIAN NURSING JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND CLINIC (INJEC) ◽

10.24990/injec.v1i2.118 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 138

Author(s):

Mekar Dwi Anggraeni ◽

Lutfatul Latifah ◽

Aprilia Kartikasari ◽

Ima Rismawati

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

T Test ◽

Breastfeeding Duration ◽

Control Group ◽

Marriage Age ◽

First Marriage ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

And Control

Background and purpose: The earlier development of the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding produces the longer exclusive breastfeeding duration. Considering the first marriage age among Indonesian, the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding should be developed at the adolescence age. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the attitude toward breastfeeding concept based comic on the adolescent's attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding. Method: This was a quasy experimental posttest only with control group study. The respondents were provided an comic. The respondent's attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding was measured using The Breastfeeding Attitude Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent and dependent t test. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 17 years old in both intervention (70%) and control grup (63%), first child in both intervention (23,3%) and control grup (26,7%), and had a nuclear family in both intervention (80%) and control grup (90%). The independent t test showed that there was a significant difference between post-test scores among the intervention and control groups (t = 5,602, p < 0,01). Conclusion and recommendation: Nurses may use the Attitude Toward Breastfeeding based comic to increase the Adolescence's attitude toward breastfeeding.Keywords: Comic, Attitudes Toward Exclusive Breastfeeding, Adolescence

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Impact of intrawound vancomycin powder on prevention of surgical site infection after posterior spinal surgery

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2020.8.spine20992 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Hiroki Ushirozako ◽

Tomohiko Hasegawa ◽

Yu Yamato ◽

Go Yoshida ◽

Tatsuya Yasuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Spinal Surgery ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Propensity Score Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Surgical Data ◽

Vancomycin Powder ◽

Vancomycin Group ◽

And Control

OBJECTIVESurgical site infection (SSI) after posterior spinal surgery is one of the severe complications that may occur despite administration of prophylactic antibiotics and the use of intraoperative aseptic precautions. The use of intrawound vancomycin powder for SSI prevention is still controversial, with a lack of high-quality and large-scale studies. The purpose of this retrospective study using a propensity score–matched analysis was to clarify whether intrawound vancomycin powder prevents SSI occurrence after spinal surgery.METHODSThe authors analyzed 1261 adult patients who underwent posterior spinal surgery between 2010 and 2018 (mean age 62.3 years; 506 men, 755 women; follow-up period at least 1 year). Baseline and surgical data were assessed. After a preliminary analysis, a propensity score model was established with adjustments for age, sex, type of disease, and previously reported risk factors for SSI. The SSI rates were compared between patients with intrawound vancomycin powder treatment (vancomycin group) and those without (control group).RESULTSIn a preliminary analysis of 1261 unmatched patients (623 patients in the vancomycin group and 638 patients in the control group), there were significant differences between the groups in age (p = 0.041), body mass index (p = 0.013), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (p < 0.001), malnutrition (p = 0.001), revision status (p < 0.001), use of steroids (p = 0.019), use of anticoagulation (p = 0.033), length of surgery (p = 0.003), estimated blood loss (p < 0.001), and use of instrumentation (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in SSI rates between the vancomycin and control groups (21 SSIs [3.4%] vs 33 SSIs [5.2%]; OR 0.640, 95% CI 0.368–1.111; p = 0.114). Using a one-to-one propensity score–matched analysis, 444 pairs of patients from the vancomycin and control groups were selected. There was no significant difference in the baseline and surgical data, except for height (p = 0.046), between both groups. The C-statistic for the propensity score model was 0.702. In the score-matched analysis, 12 (2.7%) and 24 (5.4%) patients in the vancomycin and control groups, respectively, developed SSIs (OR 0.486, 95% CI 0.243–0.972; p = 0.041). There were no systemic complications related to the use of vancomycin.CONCLUSIONSThe current study showed that intrawound vancomycin powder was useful in reducing the risk of SSI after posterior spinal surgery by half, without adverse events. Intrawound vancomycin powder use is a safe and effective procedure for SSI prevention.

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Association Between Magnesium and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Obesity

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401315666190730123842 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 743-748

Author(s):

Ana R.S. de Oliveira ◽

Kyria J.C. Cruz ◽

Jennifer B.S. Morais ◽

Juliana S. Severo ◽

Jéssica B. Beserra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Magnesium Concentration ◽

Control Group ◽

Compensatory Mechanism ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽

Magnesium Intake ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dietary Magnesium ◽

And Control

Background: The role of minerals in preventing the generation of oxidative stress in obese individuals has been evaluated. Magnesium is an antioxidant nutrient and a cofactor of enzymes involved in the cell membrane stabilization, attenuating the effects of oxidative stress. Objective: To evaluate the association between magnesium and concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in patients with obesity and eutrophic women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 73 women, divided into two groups: case group (patients with obesity, n=27) and control group (eutrophic women, n=46). Measurements of body mass index and waist circumference were performed. Dietary magnesium intake was assessed by the three-day food record using the NutWin software. Urinary magnesium concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also determined. Results: Mean values of dietary magnesium intake were 161.59 ± 60.04 and 158.73 ± 31.96 for patients with obesity and control group, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The value of urinary excretion of magnesium was lower than the reference values in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The plasma concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly higher in patients with obesity compared to the control group (p <0.001). There was no correlation between levels of magnesium biomarkers and the concentration of TBARS (p >0.05). Conclusion: Patients with obesity showed a reduced dietary magnesium intake which seems to induce hypomagnesuria as a compensatory mechanism. The marker of oxidative stress evaluated in this study was not influenced by magnesium.

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Role of Nutrition Counseling and Lifestyle Modification in Managing Prediabetes

Food and Nutrition Bulletin ◽

10.1177/03795721211025434 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 037957212110254

Author(s):

Harleen Kaur ◽

Neerja Singla ◽

Rohini Jain

Keyword(s):

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Nutrition Intervention ◽

Control Group ◽

Population Prevalence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

Objective: India is the second country after China having the highest population prevalence of diabetes. Several research studies investigating diabetes have been done, but not much work has been done on prediabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nutrition and lifestyle modification on prediabetic females. Methods: A total of 120 prediabetic females from Ludhiana city were divided into 2 matched groups: control group (n = 60) and experimental group (n = 60). Impact of nutrition intervention for dietary and lifestyle modification (for 3 months) was assessed on the anthropometric, dietary, biochemical parameters, and diabetes risk score of the experimental group and control group (no intervention). Results: All the selected 120 subjects completed the study (experimental group = 60; control group = 60). There was significant difference in the changes between the 2 groups throughout the study. The fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c levels of the experimental group subjects reduced significantly ( P ≤ .01). However, no change was observed among the control group subjects. The lipid profile of the experimental group showed a significant improvement ( P ≤ .01). Conclusion: Nutrition counselling of the prediabetics regarding dietary and lifestyle modification is recommended so as to improve their metabolic control, thus preventing them from being diabetics.

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Investigation of TAGAP gene polymorphism (rs1738074) in Turkish pediatric celiac patients

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2020-0419 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Melek Pehlivan ◽

Tülay K. Ayna ◽

Maşallah Baran ◽

Mustafa Soyöz ◽

Aslı Ö. Koçyiğit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Allele Specific ◽

And Control

Abstract Objectives There are several hypotheses on the effects of the rs1738074 T/C single nucleotide polymorphism in the TAGAP gene; however, there has been no study on Turkish pediatric patients. We aimed to investigate the association of celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) comorbidity with the polymorphism in the TAGAP gene of Turkish pediatric patients. Methods Totally, 127 pediatric CD patients and 100 healthy children were included. We determined the polymorphism by the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method. We used IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0 and Arlequin 3.5.2 for the statistical analyses. The authors have no conflict of interest. Results It was determined that 72% (n=154) of only CD patients had C allele, whereas 28% (n=60) had T allele. Of the patients with celiac and T1DM, 42.5% (n=17) and 57.5% (n=23) had T and C alleles, respectively. Of the individuals in control group, 67% (n=134) had C allele, whereas 33% (n=66) had T allele. Conclusions There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies between the patient and control groups (p>0.05). There was no significant association between the disease risk and the polymorphism in our study group.

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