scholarly journals Genotyping of Type A Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Based on Direct F Gene Sequencing

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daifullah Al Aboud ◽  
Nora M. Al Aboud ◽  
Mater I. R. Al-Malky ◽  
Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Escape Mutant ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
F Gene ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Background and objectives: The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is among the important respiratory pathogens affecting children. Genotype-specific attachment (G) gene sequencing is usually used to determine the virus genotype. The reliability of the fusion (F) gene vs. G gene genotype-specific sequencing was screened. Materials and Methods: Archival RNA from Saudi children who tested positive for hRSV-A were used. Samples were subjected to a conventional one-step RT-PCR for both F and G genes and direct gene sequencing of the amplicons using the same primer sets. Phylogeny and mutational analysis of the obtained sequences were conducted. Results: The generic primer set succeeded to amplify target gene sequences. The phylogenetic tree based on partial F gene sequencing resulted in an efficient genotyping of hRSV-A strains equivalent to the partial G gene genotyping method. NA1, ON1, and GA5 genotypes were detected in the clinical samples. The latter was detected for the first time in Saudi Arabia. Different mutations in both conserved and escape-mutant domains were detected in both F and G. Conclusion: It was concluded that a partial F gene sequence can be used efficiently for hRSV-A genotyping.

scholarly journals Bacterial and Viral Coinfections with the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Gaspar A. Pacheco ◽  
Nicolás M. S. Gálvez ◽  
Jorge A. Soto ◽  
Catalina A. Andrade ◽  
Alexis M. Kalergis
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Polymicrobial Infections

The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is one of the leading causes of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children under five years old. Notably, hRSV infections can give way to pneumonia and predispose to other respiratory complications later in life, such as asthma. Even though the social and economic burden associated with hRSV infections is tremendous, there are no approved vaccines to date to prevent the disease caused by this pathogen. Recently, coinfections and superinfections have turned into an active field of study, and interactions between many viral and bacterial pathogens have been studied. hRSV is not an exception since polymicrobial infections involving this virus are common, especially when illness has evolved into pneumonia. Here, we review the epidemiology and recent findings regarding the main polymicrobial infections involving hRSV and several prevalent bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, human rhinoviruses, influenza A virus, human metapneumovirus, and human parainfluenza viruses. As reports of most polymicrobial infections involving hRSV lack a molecular basis explaining the interaction between hRSV and these pathogens, we believe this review article can serve as a starting point to interesting and very much needed research in this area.

scholarly journals Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Induced Immune Signature of Infection Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis of Clinical Pediatric Nasopharyngeal Swab Samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Nicolas De Lamballerie ◽  
Andrés Pizzorno ◽  
Julia Dubois ◽  
Blandine Padey ◽  
Thomas Julien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Immune Signature ◽  
Real Life Setting ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
New Diagnosis

Abstract Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) constitutes one the main causes of respiratory infection in neonates and infants worldwide. Transcriptome analysis of clinical samples using high-throughput technologies remains an important tool to better understand virus-host complex interactions in the real-life setting but also to identify new diagnosis/prognosis markers or therapeutics targets. A major challenge when exploiting clinical samples such as nasal swabs, washes, or bronchoalveolar lavages is the poor quantity and integrity of nucleic acids. In this study, we applied a tailored transcriptomics workflow to exploit nasal wash samples from children who tested positive for HRSV. Our analysis revealed a characteristic immune signature as a direct reflection of HRSV pathogenesis and highlighted putative biomarkers of interest such as IP-10, TMEM190, MCEMP1, and TIMM23.

scholarly journals Trivalency of a Nanobody Specific for the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Glycoprotein Drastically Enhances Virus Neutralization and Impacts Escape Mutant Selection

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 6498-6509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concepción Palomo ◽  
Vicente Mas ◽  
Laurent Detalle ◽  
Erik Depla ◽  
Olga Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Antigenic Site ◽  
Serial Passage ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Escape Mutant ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Mutant Selection ◽  
Fusion Glycoprotein ◽  
Escape Mutants ◽  
Syncytial Virus

ABSTRACTALX-0171 is a trivalent Nanobody derived from monovalent Nb017 that binds to antigenic site II of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) fusion (F) glycoprotein. ALX-0171 is about 6,000 to 10,000 times more potent than Nb017 in neutralization tests with strains of hRSV antigenic groups A and B. To explore the effect of this enhanced neutralization on escape mutant selection, viruses resistant to either ALX-0171 or Nb017 were isolated after serial passage of the hRSV Long strain in the presence of suboptimal concentrations of the respective Nanobodies. Resistant viruses emerged notably faster with Nb017 than with ALX-0171 and in both cases contained amino acid changes in antigenic site II of hRSV F. Detailed binding and neutralization analyses of these escape mutants as well as previously described mutants resistant to certain monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) offered a comprehensive description of site II mutations which are relevant for neutralization by MAbs and Nanobodies. Notably, ALX-0171 showed a sizeable neutralization potency with most escape mutants, even with some of those selected with the Nanobody, and these findings make ALX-0171 an attractive antiviral for treatment of hRSV infections.

scholarly journals Comparison of 11 respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shenzhen, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Heping Wang ◽  
Ailiang Liu ◽  
Rongjun Wang ◽  
Tingting Zhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on existing respiratory pathogens in circulation remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the prevalence of respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children. Methods This study enrolled hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from September to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 epidemic) and those from September to December 2020 (during the COVID-19 epidemic). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR. The absolute case number and detection rates of 11 pathogens were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 5696 children with respiratory tract infection received multiplex PCR examination for respiratory pathogens: 2298 from September to December 2019 and 3398 from September to December 2020. At least one pathogen was detected in 1850 (80.5%) patients in 2019, and in 2380 (70.0%) patients in 2020; the detection rate in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019.The Influenza A (InfA) detection rate was 5.6% in 2019, but 0% in 2020. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Human adenovirus, and Human rhinovirus also decreased from 20% (460), 8.9% (206), and 41.8% (961) in 2019 to 1.0% (37), 2.1% (77), and 25.6% (873) in 2020, respectively. In contrast, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased from 6.6% (153), 9.9% (229), and 0.5% (12) in 2019 to 25.6% (873), 15.5% (530), and 7.2% (247) in 2020, respectively (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Successful containment of seasonal influenza as a result of COVID-19 control measures will ensure we are better equipped to deal with future outbreaks of both influenza and COVID-19.Caused by virus competition, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased in Shenzhen,that reminds us we need to take further monitoring and preventive measures in the next epidemic season.

scholarly journals Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus-induced immune signature of infection revealed by transcriptome analysis of clinical pediatric nasopharyngeal swab samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Nicolas De Lamballerie ◽  
Andrés Pizzorno ◽  
Julia Dubois ◽  
Blandine Padey ◽  
Thomas Julien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Immune Signature ◽  
Real Life Setting ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
New Diagnosis

AbstractHuman Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) constitutes one the main causes of respiratory infection in neonates and infants worldwide. Transcriptome analysis of clinical samples using high-throughput technologies remains an important tool to better understand virus-host complex interactions in the real-life setting but also to identify new diagnosis/prognosis markers or therapeutics targets. A major challenge when exploiting clinical samples such as nasal swabs, washes or bronchoalveolar lavages is the poor quantity and integrity of nucleic acids. In this study, we applied a tailored transcriptomics workflow to exploit nasal wash samples from children who tested positive for HRSV. Our analysis revealed a characteristic immune signature as a direct reflection of HRSV pathogenesis and highlighted putative biomarkers of interest.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 among Hospitalized Children in Northwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zahra Ramezannia ◽  
Javid Sadeghi ◽  
Shahram Abdoli Oskouie ◽  
Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee ◽  
Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections

Background. Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are the leading cause of illnesses in children. Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are among the most common etiologic agents associated with viral respiratory tract infections in children worldwide. Nevertheless, limited information is available on the spread of infections of these two viruses in northwest Iran. Objective. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the frequency of RSV and HPIV-3 and clinical features among Iranian children with confirmed respiratory infections between April 2019 and March 2020. Methods. 100 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from hospitalized patients (under 5 years old) with ARTI from Tabriz Children’s Hospital. Detection of respiratory viruses was performed using the nested RT-PCR method. Results. Respiratory syncytial virus and HPIV-3 were recognized in 18% (18/100) and 2% (2/100) of children, respectively. Ten (55.6%) of the RSV-positive samples were male, while 8 (44.4%) were female. HPIV‐3 was found only among 2 male patients (100%). Most patients (61.1%) with RSV infection were less than 12 months old. Additionally, samples that were positive for HPIV-3 were less than 12 months old. RSV infections had occurred mainly during the winter season. Conclusions. This study confirms that RSV can be one of the important respiratory pathogens in children in northwestern Iran. However, according to this study, HPIV-3 has a lower prevalence among children in this area than RSV. Therefore, implementing a routine diagnosis for respiratory pathogens can improve the management of respiratory infections in children.

scholarly journals Two Complete Sequences for Genomes of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Genotype ON1 Field Strains from Beijing, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanglin Cui ◽  
Runan Zhu ◽  
Jie Deng ◽  
Yuan Qian
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Sequence Alignment ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Protein G ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Attachment Protein ◽  
Complete Sequences ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Beijing China

ABSTRACT Here, we report the complete sequences for genomes of two human respiratory syncytial virus field strains. It was determined by sequence alignment and phylogenetics that they belong to genotype ON1, characterized by a 72-nucleotide duplication in the C termini of the attachment protein G genes.

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