The Role of C21orf91 in Herpes Simplex Virus Keratitis

Background and Objectives: This paper aims to describe the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of C21orf91 rs1062202 and rs10446073 in patients with herpetic keratitis by evaluating corneal sub-basal nerves, as well as the density of Langerhans cells (LC) and endothelium cells (EC) during the acute phase of the disease. Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical study included 260 subjects: 70 with herpetic eye disease, 101 with previous history of herpes labialis—but no history of herpetic eye disease—and 89 with no history of any herpes simplex virus (HSV) diseases. All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmological examination including in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) of the central cornea. C21orf91 rs1062202 and rs10446073 were genotyped using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method with the Rotor-Gene Q real-time PCR quantification system. SNPs were determined using TaqMan genotyping assay, according to the manufacturer’s manual. Results: The C21orf91 rs10446073 genotype GT was more frequent in the HSV keratitis group, compared with healthy controls (20.0% vs. 7.9%), OR 2.929[1.11–7.716] (p < 0.05). The rs10446073 genotype TT was more frequent in healthy controls (12.4% vs. 1.4%), OR 22.0[2.344–260.48] (p < 0.05). The rs10446073 genotype GT increased the risk of EC density being less than 2551.5 cell/mm2, OR 2.852[1.248–6.515] (p < 0.05). None of the SNPs and their genotypes influenced the LC density and corneal sub-basal nerve parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our study reports a new association between herpetic keratitis and human gene C21orf91, with the rs10446073 genotype GT being more common in herpetic keratitis patients and increasing the risk for the disease by a factor of 2.9.

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Corneal Langerhans Cell And Endothelium Changes In Patients With Herpetic Keratitis During Acute Phase Of The Disease And After 6 Months

10.21203/rs.2.10317/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Vilija Danileviciene ◽

Reda Zemaitiene ◽

Vilte Marija Gintauskiene ◽

Irena Nedzelskiene ◽

Dalia Zaliuniene

Keyword(s):

Cell Density ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Previous History ◽

Langerhans Cell ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Prospective Clinical Study ◽

Ophthalmological Examination ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Herpes Labialis ◽

History Of

Abstract Purpose. To describe corneal morphological changes by evaluating Langerhans cell (LC) and endothelium cell density using in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) in herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis during acute phase of the disease and after 6 months, to compare with contralateral eyes, controls with previous history of herpes labialis and healthy controls. Methods A prospective clinical study included 79 patients with herpetic eye disease, 101 healthy patients with previous history of herpes labialis but no history of herpetic eye disease, and 89 patients with no history of any HSV diseases. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination including LSCM of the central cornea, using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III Rostock Cornea Module. After 6 months, the same ophthalmological examination was performed for patients with herpetic eye disease. Serology tests of the serum to detect HSV 1/2 IgG and IgM using Virion Serion ELISA classic kit were performed. Results HSV affected eyes showed an increase in LC density when compared with contralateral eyes, herpes labialis, and healthy control groups (357.9±308.7 vs. 197.1±258.5 vs. 62.9±72.6 vs. 81.7±88.3) (p<0.05). Higher LC density and less density of corneal sub-basal nerve parameters were found (p<0.05). Endothelium density in HSV affected eyes did not differ from the contralateral eyes, but it was lower when comparing with herpes labialis patients and healthy controls (2300.7±530.6 vs. 2343.3±543.7 vs. 2672.9±268.1 vs. 2620.9±347.1) (p<0.05). After 6 months, LC density in HSV affected eyes decreased but did not reach those of healthy controls (p<0.05). Conclusions LSCM reveals a significant increase of LC and decrease of endothelium cell density in HSV affected corneas. The decrease in LC density is a clear, indirect sign of recovery, which can be used in clinical practice.

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Machine learning approach for differentiating cytomegalovirus esophagitis from herpes simplex virus esophagitis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-78556-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jung Su Lee ◽

Jihye Yun ◽

Sungwon Ham ◽

Hyunjung Park ◽

Hyunsu Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Herpes Simplex Virus ◽

Herpes Simplex ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Previous History ◽

Clinical Factor ◽

Endoscopic Images ◽

Simplex Virus

AbstractThe endoscopic features between herpes simplex virus (HSV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) esophagitis overlap significantly, and hence the differential diagnosis between HSV and CMV esophagitis is sometimes difficult. Therefore, we developed a machine-learning-based classifier to discriminate between CMV and HSV esophagitis. We analyzed 87 patients with HSV esophagitis and 63 patients with CMV esophagitis and developed a machine-learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) system using a total of 666 endoscopic images with HSV esophagitis and 416 endoscopic images with CMV esophagitis. In the five repeated five-fold cross-validations based on the hue–saturation–brightness color model, logistic regression with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operation showed the best performance (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, and 1.0, respectively). Previous history of transplantation was included in classifiers as a clinical factor; the lower the performance of these classifiers, the greater the effect of including this clinical factor. Our machine-learning-based AI system for differential diagnosis between HSV and CMV esophagitis showed high accuracy, which could help clinicians with diagnoses.

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Virological Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Esophagitis by Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.05748-11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 948-952 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J.-F. Jazeron ◽

C. Barbe ◽

E. Frobert ◽

F. Renois ◽

D. Talmud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herpes Simplex Virus ◽

Herpes Simplex ◽

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽

Virological Diagnosis ◽

Simplex Virus

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Asymptomatic shedding of herpes simplex virus from the genital tract: uncertainty and its consequences for patient management

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/0956462961917799 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 229-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

S E Barton ◽

P E Munday ◽

R J Patel

Keyword(s):

Herpes Simplex Virus ◽

Herpes Simplex ◽

Genital Herpes ◽

Genital Tract ◽

Patient Management ◽

Sexual Transmission ◽

Supportive Counselling ◽

History Of ◽

Simplex Virus ◽

The Relationship

A frequent component of the management of patients with genital herpes concerns the possibility of asymptomatic shedding and potential sexual transmission of the virus. Approaches intended to provide supportive counselling and reassurance of patients about these issues need now to be modified in the light of increasing data of the frequency of asymptomatic detection of virus and the effects of antiviral therapy on this phenomenon. Further studies to delineate the relationship between asymptomatic detection of HSV in the genital tract and the mechanism of sexual transmission of this virus need to be conducted before clinicians instigate antiviral suppressive treatment primarily to prevent sexual transmission of HSV. However, it is important that the new data and our greater understanding of the natural history of genital herpes is translated into accurate and comprehensible information for our patients.

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Herpes Simplex Virus Infections

Pediatrics in Review ◽

10.1542/pir.17.12.415 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 415-423

Author(s):

Paula W. Annunziato

Keyword(s):

Herpes Simplex Virus ◽

Herpes Simplex ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

The Third ◽

Intravenous Acyclovir ◽

History Of ◽

Simplex Virus

Case Report A term female developed fever and tachypnea and had a transient episode of poor color and tone on the third day of life. She was delivered by cesarean section 5 hours after rupture of membranes to a 19-year-old, gravida 4, para 0 mother whose serology was negative for syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis B surface antigen. The mother had no history of sexually transmitted diseases. Apgar scores were 8 at 1 minute and 9 at 10 minutes. When the infant was admitted to the nursery, scalp abrasions were noticed by the nurse. On the third day of life, a sepsis evaluation was initiated, and the infant received ampicillin and gentamicin intravenously: no bacterial infection was found. On the fifth day of life, vesicular lesions were noticed on her scalp. Bilateral interstitial infiltrates were present On chest radiograph and laboratory studies revealed mild elevations in liver function tests. There were no cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities. She was started on intravenous acyclovir, and herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 subsequently was isolated from both her pharynx and scalp lesions. After receiving intravenous acyclovir for 3 weeks, she was discharged with no evidence of residual sequelae. Four days after acyclovir was discontinued, new scalp vesicles appeared and the infant developed a temperature of 38.8°C (102°F).

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