scholarly journals Potential Circumferential Bone Engagement following Tooth Extraction in the Posterior Mandible: Computed Tomography Assessment

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Yafit Hamzani ◽  
Emran Yassien ◽  
Liad Moskovich ◽  
Talia Becker ◽  
Gavriel Chaushu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Root Position ◽  
Immediate Implant ◽  
Mandibular Teeth

Background and Objectives: Immediate implant placement (IIP) is a popular surgical procedure with a 94.9–98.4% survival rate and 97.8–100% success rate. In the posterior mandible, it poses a risk of injury to adjacent anatomical structures if the implant engages apical bone. This study sought to assess the implant dimensions that allow for circumferential bone engagement at each position in the posterior mandible without additional apical drilling. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study design was used. The pre-extraction cone beam computed tomography scans of 100 candidates for IIP were analyzed. Measurements of each root of the posterior mandibular second premolar, first molar, and second molar were taken from three aspects: buccolingual, mesiodistal, and vertical. Two-sided p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 478 mandibular teeth and 781 roots were assessed. Based on Straumann® BLX/BLT implant-drilling protocols, predicted rates of radiological circumferential engagement (RCE) were 96% for implants 5 mm in diameter in the second premolar root position; 94% for implants 4.0–4.2 mm in diameter in the first molar root position; and 99% for implants 4.5–4.8 mm in diameter in the second molar root position. Corresponding rates of achieving an available implant length (AIL) of 10 mm were 99%, 90%, and 86%. Patients <40 years old were at higher risk of lower RCE and lower AIL (p < 0.005) than older patients for all roots measured. Conclusions: The high primary stability prediction rates based on the calculation of RCE and AIL support the use of IIPs without further apical drilling in the posterior mandible in most cases.

scholarly journals Classification of Sagittal Root Position and Angulation of Premolars for Immediate Implant Placement: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalin Zhan ◽  
Miaozhen Wang ◽  
Xueyuan Cheng ◽  
Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Root Position ◽  
Immediate Implant ◽  
Maxillary Premolars

Abstract Background: Sagittal root position (SRP) and thickness of buccal plate were of clinical guiding significance in implant treatment planning. The study was to classify the SRP and angulations of the maxillary and mandibular premolar to each osseous housing, and to measure the thickness of buccal plate by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in order to estimate the distributions and provide clinical decision support. Methods: CBCT images was reviewed on 150 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The sagittal root position and angulations of the maxillary and mandibular premolars to their respective osseous housing were evaluated and classified using CBCT images. The thickness of buccal plate at 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm apical to the alveolar crest was also measured. Results: The frequency distribution of SRP types indicated that, 41.67%, 51.83%, 3.67%, and 2.83% of maxillary premolars; 84.33%, 15%, 0%, and 0.67% of mandibular premolars were classified as type B, M, L, and N. The frequency distribution of angulation classifications indicated that, 20.83%, 46%, 32.17%, and 1% of maxillary premolars; 2%, 5.33%, 36.67%, and 56% of mandibular premolars were classified as class 1, 2, 3, and 4. The buccal bone thickness in most locations of premolar sites was less than 1 mm. Conclusions: The classification of clinical relevance of SRP and angulation of the premolar root to osseous housing would help for treatment planning and improving interdisciplinary communication of immediate implant placement (IIP) in the premolar region.

Eruption Chronology of the Permanent Dentition in Spanish Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hernández ◽  
E Espasa ◽  
J Boj
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Mandibular Teeth

Background - Little information is available regarding the eruption chronology of Spanish children. Therefore, it is important to acquire accurate eruption parameters for the Spanish population. Aim - To establish the chronology of the permanent dentition. Design - A cross-sectional study based on a sample of 1123 Spanish Caucasian children ranging from 5 to 15 years of age, from three different schools in Barcelona, Spain. Results - The sample is representative of the Spanish population with regards to age, height and weight; and large enough to achieve the desired 95% confidence level. The results appear in the eruption tables included in the body of this paper. Conclusions - In both boys and girls, the lower left central incisor is the first, and the upper right second molar is the last tooth to erupt. Mandibular teeth tend to erupt before the corresponding maxillary teeth; however, there is no difference between the left and right sides of each arch. The results obtained are in agreement with similar studies performed in other groups of Caucasian children.

scholarly journals Immediate Implant Placement in the Maxillary Aesthetic Zone: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 5853
Author(s):  
Anna Botermans ◽  
Anna Lidén ◽  
Vinícius de Carvalho Machado ◽  
Bruno Ramos Chrcanovic
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Tooth Position ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Root Position ◽  
Immediate Implant ◽  
Wall Perforation

This study aimed to investigate the factors that could be associated with the risk of labial cortical bone wall perforation with immediate implant placement (IIP) in the maxillary aesthetic zone, in a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) virtual study. CBCT exams from 126 qualified subjects (756 teeth) were included. Implants were virtually positioned in two different positions: in the long axis of the tooth (prosthetically-driven position) and in an ideal position in relation to adjacent anatomical structures (bone-driven position). Two different implant diameters were planned for each tooth position, namely, 3.75 and 4.3 mm for central incisors and canines, and 3.0 and 3.3 mm for lateral incisors. The incidence of perforation was nearly 80% and 5% for prosthetically- and bone-driven position, respectively. Factors associated with a higher risk of cortical bone wall perforation (bone-driven position), according to logistic regression analysis, were women, wider implants, Sagittal Root Position class IV, and decrease of the labial concavity angle. Perforation of the labial cortical bone wall can be greatly minimized when the implant is placed in a bone-driven position compared to a prosthetically-driven position. It is important to preoperatively evaluate the morphological features of the implant site for risk assessment and to individualize the treatment plan.

scholarly journals C-Shaped Canal in Second Molar of Mandible among Cases of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Tertiary Care Hospitals: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (239) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neera Joshi ◽  
Suraj Shrestha ◽  
Sunanda Sundas ◽  
Kranti Prajapati ◽  
Sharada Devi Wagle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Introduction: C-shaped canal configuration is mostly found in the mandibular second molar. The morphological characteristic of a C-shaped canal is the presence of a fin or web connecting the individual canal, making it difficult for cleaning, shaping, and obturation. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of C-shaped canal in mandibular second molar among cases of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in tertiary care hospitals. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics of tertiary care hospitals from 20th June 2020 to 20th December 2020 after receiving ethical approval from the Nepal Health Research Council on 19 June 2020. Cone-beam computed tomography images of 199 mandibular second molars with completely formed roots were used. Teeth with orthodontic braces, root resorption, root canal filling, and post were excluded from the study. The research was conducted taking a tooth as a unit. Convenience sampling was done. Statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of C-shaped canal according to this study is 25 (12.6%) (7.99-17.21 at 95% Confidence Interval). Conclusions: The findings of the study conclude that C-shaped configuration is quite frequent in mandibular second molar among cases of Cone Beam Computed Tomography. A careful pre-operative radiographic evaluation may be helpful for diagnosing C-shaped configuration prior to root canal treatment.

scholarly journals Risk Associated with Immediate Implant at Mandibular Canine and Premolars: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1056
Author(s):  
Kirthiga Rameswaran ◽  
Aminah Mohd Shariff ◽  
Daniel Lim
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Immediate Implant ◽  
Mandibular Canine ◽  
Implant Dentistry

With the evolution of implant dentistry, immediate implantation remains a challenge especially in achieving a good primary stability with avoidance of complications such as nerve injuries and lingual perforations. This study was aimed to determine the risks of nerve injury and lingual perforation following virtual implant placement at mandibular canines, mandibular first premolars and mandibular second premolars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. From the total of 771 CBCT scans screened, 100 CBCT scans were included. Measurements were made based on the cross-section of the study teeth, that were mandibular canine, first premolar and second premolar, to obtain the distance between root apex and nerve canal as well as risk of nerve injury. A virtual implant was then placed at each site to assess the risk of lingual perforation. Generally, the distance between root apex and nerve was less than 6 mm and the highest risk of nerve injury was observed at second premolar (79.6%) followed by first premolar (45.3%) and canine (23.4%). Risk of lingual perforation following immediate implant placement was between 0.7-1.5%. The risk of nerve injury was considerably high due to insufficient root apex to nerve canal distance while the risk of lingual perforation was low.

Computed tomography for the assessment of the potential risk following implant placement in fresh extraction sites in the posterior mandible

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahaa Haj Yahya ◽  
Gavriel Chaushu ◽  
Yafit Hamzani
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Immediate Implants

Background and purpose: Immediate implants placement (IIP) are considered a reliable procedure, with survival rates of 94.9% to 98.4%. Nevertheless, in the posterior mandible it poses high risk of damage to anatomical structures. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of anatomical structures injury associated with IIP in the posterior mandible based on apical primary stability, respecting a safe distance from inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and lingual plate. Moreover, to evaluate the influence of different factors on those risks. Materials and methods: Pre-extraction cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 100 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Measurements were taken from tooth apices to lingual plate and to mandibular canal. Values of &lt;4mm of the former and &lt;6mm of the later categorized as considerable risk. Values of &lt;2mm at both measurements considered as high risk. Two-sided p values &lt;0.05 were considered statistically significant.  Results: Mean root-to-alveolar canal (RAC) distance was 7.6±2.7mm in the first molar, 6.5±3mm in second premolar and 5.4±3 mm in the second molar ( p &lt;0.005). Mean distance to the outer lingual cortex (DLC) was 3.9±2.1mm in the first molar and 3.2±0.1mm in the second molar. Thus, second molars were at the higher risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury and lingual plate perforation during IIP. Background factors associated with higher IIP risk were female sex and age &lt;40 years. Conclusions: In the mandible, the anatomic risk posed by IIP is greatest for second molars and lowest for first molars. Several background factors affect the distances between root apices and the mandibular canal.

Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) Evaluation of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Md Tauhidul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Sadekur Rahman Sarkar ◽  
KM Ahasan Ahmed ◽  
Md Nazmul Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Aneurysm ◽  
Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
One Year ◽  
Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background: In evaluation of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage CT angiography (CTA) has 97-98% sensitivity and near 100% specificity. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the CTA findings of CT positive non traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methodology: This is an observational cross sectional study performed in Neurology department of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka over one year period (January 2019 to December 2019). Total 87 CT positive subarachnoid hemorrhage cases were purposively included in this study. All CT positive patients underwent CTA of Cerebral vessels for further evaluation. The angiography were evaluated by competent neuro-radiologists blinded about the study. Result: Among 87 patients, 40.2% were male and 59.8% were female. The average age was 53.33±11.1 years. Among the studied patient the source of bleeding was found 78.16% aneurysmal and 21.84% non-aneurysmal. 85.30% patients had single aneurysm and 14.70% had multiple aneurysm. The highest number of patient had Acom aneurysm (41.17%) followed by MCA (22.05%), ICA (13.23%), ACA (7.35%) and vertebral artery (1.14%) in order of frequency. Among the multiple aneurysm group most of the patients had combination of Acom, MCA and ICA aneurysm. Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that CTA can be used as the primary diagnostic tool in evaluation of spontaneous SAH. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 78-81

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